Page |1
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NSG 530/NSG 530 -Exam 1
(Latest 2025/2026) Advanced Pathophysiology
|Actual Exam Questions and Correct Answers
(100 Verified) | 100% Guaranteed A+.
MULTIPLE CHOICES
Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats. - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
Most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ c. Nucleolus
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to
remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Oxyhydrosomes - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ b. Peroxisomes
, Page |2
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during
cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ D. Lysosomes
What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas
cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?
a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell
membrane.
b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated membrane to the
cell membrane.
c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell
membrane.
d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell
membrane. - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to
the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell
membrane.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
, Page |3
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ B. S
What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting
as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ c. proteins
Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades, such as caspase-mediated
apoptosis and complement cascades, may be useful in designing drug therapy for
which human diseases?
a. Cardiac and vascular disorders
b. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
c. Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
d. Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ b. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the
plasma membrane?
a. Carbohydrate chains
b. Glycoprotein channels
c. Membrane channel proteins
d. Lipid bilayer - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ d. lipid bilayer
, Page |4
The fluid mosaic model explains:
a. How a cell membrane functions
b. Why our bodies appear to be solid
c. How tissue is differentiated
d. How fluid moves between the intracellular and extracellular compartments - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. How a
cell membrane functions
Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with
other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Protein channel (gap junction)
b. Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors)
c. Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters
d. Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. Protein channel (gap junction)
Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells
some distance away?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormonal - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ d. Hormonal
Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are quickly
taken up, destroyed, or immobilized?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormone - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. paracrine
DOWNLOAD
NSG 530/NSG 530 -Exam 1
(Latest 2025/2026) Advanced Pathophysiology
|Actual Exam Questions and Correct Answers
(100 Verified) | 100% Guaranteed A+.
MULTIPLE CHOICES
Which statement best describes the cellular function of metabolic absorption?
a. Cells can produce proteins.
b. Cells can secrete digestive enzymes.
c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
d. Cells can synthesize fats. - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ c. Cells can take in and use nutrients.
Most of a cell's genetic information, including RNA and DNA, is contained in the:
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ c. Nucleolus
Which component of the cell produces hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by using oxygen to
remove hydrogen atoms from specific substrates in an oxidative reaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Oxyhydrosomes - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ b. Peroxisomes
, Page |2
Which cell component is capable of cellular autodigestion when it is released during
cell injury?
a. Ribosome
b. Golgi complex
c. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d. Lysosomes - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ D. Lysosomes
What is the sequence of steps in the development of a digestive enzyme by the pancreas
cells from the initial transcription to the release from the cell?
a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell
membrane.
b. The enzyme is transcribed from RNA by DNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
lysosome for synthesis, and is transported in an encapsulated membrane to the
cell membrane.
c. The enzyme is transcribed by the mitochondria in the nucleus, proceeds to the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a cytoskeleton to the cell
membrane.
d. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to the
Golgi complex for synthesis, and is transported in a cytosol to the cell
membrane. - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. The enzyme is transcribed from DNA by RNA in the nucleus, proceeds to
the
ribosome for synthesis, and is transported in a secretory vesicle to the cell
membrane.
During which phase of the cell cycle is DNA synthesized?
, Page |3
a. G1
b. S
c. G2
d. M - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ B. S
What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting
as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps?
a. Lipids
b. Proteases
c. Proteins
d. Carbohydrates - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ c. proteins
Understanding the various steps of proteolytic cascades, such as caspase-mediated
apoptosis and complement cascades, may be useful in designing drug therapy for
which human diseases?
a. Cardiac and vascular disorders
b. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
c. Gastrointestinal and renal disorders
d. Endocrine and gastrointestinal disorders - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ b. Autoimmune and malignant disorders
Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the
plasma membrane?
a. Carbohydrate chains
b. Glycoprotein channels
c. Membrane channel proteins
d. Lipid bilayer - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ d. lipid bilayer
, Page |4
The fluid mosaic model explains:
a. How a cell membrane functions
b. Why our bodies appear to be solid
c. How tissue is differentiated
d. How fluid moves between the intracellular and extracellular compartments - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. How a
cell membrane functions
Which form of cell communication is used to communicate within the cell itself and with
other cells in direct physical contact?
a. Protein channel (gap junction)
b. Plasma membrane-bound signaling molecules (involving receptors)
c. Hormone secretion such as neurotransmitters
d. Extracellular chemical messengers such as ligands - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. Protein channel (gap junction)
Which mode of chemical signaling uses blood to transport communication to cells
some distance away?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormonal - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ d. Hormonal
Which mode of chemical signaling uses local chemical mediators that are quickly
taken up, destroyed, or immobilized?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurotransmitter
d. Hormone - CORRECT ANS ✓✓ a. paracrine
