CHS 200 Midterm 1 UNR
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1f9br
1. promises of mapping the human genome: development and research of human genetic
disease - diagnosis, prevention and treatment
2. Why Mendel studied pea pods: curious to the cause of genetic variation and it was frowned upon to
study humans due to religious restrictions
3. primary symptom of cystic fibrosis: excess build up of mucus in the the lungs that causes a painfu
and serious cough
4. Why blood type is important: If blood types do not match, the body's antibodies will think that the
donor blood is foreign and intruding and the body will have an immune response that could cause clotting.
5. Two autosomal recessive disorders: Cystic Fibrosis and sickle cell anemia
6. Two sex linked recessive disorders: color blindness and hemophilia
7. how did a sex linked recessive disorder disrupt the politics of Spain?: Queen
Victoria, her daughter and her granddaughter carried hemophilia. When Victoria married Alfonzo the XII, this resulted
in his resignation due to concerns of the disease which resulted in the rise of a dictator.
8. How did a sex linked recessive disorder disrupt the politics of Russia?: Queen
Victoria's granddaughter Alexandra married the czar of Russia and the two gave birth to Alexis who consequently was
diagnosed with hemophilia because Alexandra was a carrier of the disease. Because Alexis had this disease, they sought
help of unorthodox Rasputin. This action discredited the family and the monarchy fell leading to rise of communism.
9. Single-gene mutations occur in what percent of newborns?: 0.4 %
10. What beneficial trait do people with Laron syndrome (a trait that limits their
height to less than four feet) have?: they have a reduced chance of cancer and type 2 diabetes.
11. As in PKU where the single gene mutation impacts an enzyme needed to
break down an amino acid what does the single gene mutation involved in
Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) do? Specifically, a) is it an enzyme like in
PKU or some other biological molecule and what is that molecule and b) what
does this molecule do in terms of the symptoms of DMD?: DMD is a x-linked recessive
trait found to be more common in men caused by a mutation in the coding for dystrophin which is a protein that is
used in skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. DMD is not caused by an enzyme like that of PKU but is a gene
mutation of a protein. The result of this gene mutation is an abnormality in skeletal muscle. Dystrophin causes this
abnormality through its contractile apparatus of proteins in which it acts with the cytoskeleton that results in dystrophy.
12. Describe how Familial hypercholesterolemia is an exception to Mendel's
inheritance model in terms of alleles?: Familial hypercholesterolemia is an exception to Mendel's
model because it does not follow the concept of dominance and recessives because it is an example of incomplete
1/6
, CHS 200 Midterm 1 UNR
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1f9br
dominance that causes higher cholesterol. There is a third phenotype because one allele is not expressed over the
other. Abnormalities in which heterozygotes develop CAD between the ages of 30-50 and those homozygotes usually
die before age 15 of heart attacks.
13. Mitochondrial theory of aging: Energy producing cell organelle is constantly hit with assaults and
eventually fails to function
14. Evolutionary Theory: Based on natural selection or survival of the fittest
15. Free radical theory: Unstable molecules that they want an extra electron and will take it from, for example
the lipids that are used to make up cell
16. Telomere theory of aging: DNA sequences at the end of our chromosomes shortens and evokes cell
death.
17. inflammation hypothesis: Examples are atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and osteoporosis
18. immune theory of aging: Our bodies are less able to fight infection and cancer tumors
19. Caloric Restriction: Having a lifestyle that avoids metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure, and unbal-
anced thyroid hormone levels
20. How does a developing vs. developed country population pyramids differ?-
: For a developing country, the population pyramid looks like a triangle with many young people at the bottom who
support a small amount of elderly people and for a developed
country, it is a rectangular shape with a smaller young population and larger elderly population.
21. Describe the "pig in a python" analogy.: The pig in a python analogy is used to describe the
problems that accompany the growth of an elderly population and a decline in a younger population. As the population
ages and birth rates decline, there are not enough young people to support the growing older population. This
specifically involves social security and governmental programs for the elderly.
22. What is a comorbidity?: A comorbidity is when one or more diseases occurring in the same person and
they can occur at the same time or one after the other. The two have the potential to worsen each other as well.
23. What proportion do genetic factors contribute to mortality?: 20%
24. What proportion do behavior and lifestyle factors contribute to mortality?: -
50%
25. What proportion do medical care factors contribute to mortality?: 10%
26. Top three actual causes of death in the U.S between 1990 and 2000: Tobacco,
poor diet and inactivity
27. List the major constructs of the Health Belief Model.: perceived susceptibility, perceived
severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cue to action and self efficacy.
2/6
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1f9br
1. promises of mapping the human genome: development and research of human genetic
disease - diagnosis, prevention and treatment
2. Why Mendel studied pea pods: curious to the cause of genetic variation and it was frowned upon to
study humans due to religious restrictions
3. primary symptom of cystic fibrosis: excess build up of mucus in the the lungs that causes a painfu
and serious cough
4. Why blood type is important: If blood types do not match, the body's antibodies will think that the
donor blood is foreign and intruding and the body will have an immune response that could cause clotting.
5. Two autosomal recessive disorders: Cystic Fibrosis and sickle cell anemia
6. Two sex linked recessive disorders: color blindness and hemophilia
7. how did a sex linked recessive disorder disrupt the politics of Spain?: Queen
Victoria, her daughter and her granddaughter carried hemophilia. When Victoria married Alfonzo the XII, this resulted
in his resignation due to concerns of the disease which resulted in the rise of a dictator.
8. How did a sex linked recessive disorder disrupt the politics of Russia?: Queen
Victoria's granddaughter Alexandra married the czar of Russia and the two gave birth to Alexis who consequently was
diagnosed with hemophilia because Alexandra was a carrier of the disease. Because Alexis had this disease, they sought
help of unorthodox Rasputin. This action discredited the family and the monarchy fell leading to rise of communism.
9. Single-gene mutations occur in what percent of newborns?: 0.4 %
10. What beneficial trait do people with Laron syndrome (a trait that limits their
height to less than four feet) have?: they have a reduced chance of cancer and type 2 diabetes.
11. As in PKU where the single gene mutation impacts an enzyme needed to
break down an amino acid what does the single gene mutation involved in
Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) do? Specifically, a) is it an enzyme like in
PKU or some other biological molecule and what is that molecule and b) what
does this molecule do in terms of the symptoms of DMD?: DMD is a x-linked recessive
trait found to be more common in men caused by a mutation in the coding for dystrophin which is a protein that is
used in skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle. DMD is not caused by an enzyme like that of PKU but is a gene
mutation of a protein. The result of this gene mutation is an abnormality in skeletal muscle. Dystrophin causes this
abnormality through its contractile apparatus of proteins in which it acts with the cytoskeleton that results in dystrophy.
12. Describe how Familial hypercholesterolemia is an exception to Mendel's
inheritance model in terms of alleles?: Familial hypercholesterolemia is an exception to Mendel's
model because it does not follow the concept of dominance and recessives because it is an example of incomplete
1/6
, CHS 200 Midterm 1 UNR
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1f9br
dominance that causes higher cholesterol. There is a third phenotype because one allele is not expressed over the
other. Abnormalities in which heterozygotes develop CAD between the ages of 30-50 and those homozygotes usually
die before age 15 of heart attacks.
13. Mitochondrial theory of aging: Energy producing cell organelle is constantly hit with assaults and
eventually fails to function
14. Evolutionary Theory: Based on natural selection or survival of the fittest
15. Free radical theory: Unstable molecules that they want an extra electron and will take it from, for example
the lipids that are used to make up cell
16. Telomere theory of aging: DNA sequences at the end of our chromosomes shortens and evokes cell
death.
17. inflammation hypothesis: Examples are atherosclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and osteoporosis
18. immune theory of aging: Our bodies are less able to fight infection and cancer tumors
19. Caloric Restriction: Having a lifestyle that avoids metabolic syndrome, high blood pressure, and unbal-
anced thyroid hormone levels
20. How does a developing vs. developed country population pyramids differ?-
: For a developing country, the population pyramid looks like a triangle with many young people at the bottom who
support a small amount of elderly people and for a developed
country, it is a rectangular shape with a smaller young population and larger elderly population.
21. Describe the "pig in a python" analogy.: The pig in a python analogy is used to describe the
problems that accompany the growth of an elderly population and a decline in a younger population. As the population
ages and birth rates decline, there are not enough young people to support the growing older population. This
specifically involves social security and governmental programs for the elderly.
22. What is a comorbidity?: A comorbidity is when one or more diseases occurring in the same person and
they can occur at the same time or one after the other. The two have the potential to worsen each other as well.
23. What proportion do genetic factors contribute to mortality?: 20%
24. What proportion do behavior and lifestyle factors contribute to mortality?: -
50%
25. What proportion do medical care factors contribute to mortality?: 10%
26. Top three actual causes of death in the U.S between 1990 and 2000: Tobacco,
poor diet and inactivity
27. List the major constructs of the Health Belief Model.: perceived susceptibility, perceived
severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, cue to action and self efficacy.
2/6
