Earth System Science
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1. Stratovolcanoes have a(n)____________________ composition, meaning they are
higher in Si, Al, K, and Na than oceanic volcanoes.: Andesitic
2. When oceanic lithosphere descends below continental crust, it produces a
_______________ ____________, which is marked by an oceanic trench.: Oceanic crust
3. Ecosystems that surround the hydrothermal black smokers on the seafloor
are called _______ _______________.: Vent Community
4. The earth's north and south pole have reversed several times throughout the
geologic past.: True
5. If a body of granite is overlain by sedimentary rocks, it is called a(n): Nonconformity
6. _______________ weathering is the breaking down of rock material into smaller
and smaller pieces.: Mechanical
7. _______________ weathering involves transforming rock material into new com-
pounds by dissolution, hydration reactions, or other like processes.: Chemical
8. The Himalaya Mountains are being formed as a result of the _______________
subcontinent colliding with: Indian, Asia
9. There is a low geothermal gradient at the mid-ocean ridges.: False
10. The absence of water in the crust of Venus causes it to deform __________.: -
Brittly
11. The model for ocean basin growth at a seafloor spreading center, and closure
at a subduction zone is called the ____________ _________.: Wilson Cycle
12. Ecosystems that surround the hydrothermal black smokers on the seafloor
are called _______ _______________.: vent community
13. Match the following names of paleo-oceans and paleo-continents to their
description.: Gondwanaland -> Southern supercontinent that consisted of Africa, Australia, India, and South
America
Pangea -> Supercontinent consisting of all landmasses
Lapetus -> Ocean that existed prior to the continental collision event that formed the Appalachian mountains
Tethys -> Ocean basin that was the precursor to the Mediterranean Sea
Laurasia -> Northern supercontinent that consisted of North America, Europe, and much of Asia
14. The Himalayas are being formed at which type of plate boundary?: Convergent -
Continental Collision Zones
15. Tectonic uplift typically occurs at which type of plate boundary?: Convergent
, Earth System Science
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16. The oldest oceanic crust is about ___________________ years old.: 200 million
17. The vents of hot, mineral-rich water along the seafloor speeding centers
are called __________ ___________ because of their dark, cloudy appearance.: Black
Smokers
18. Subduction zones produce explosive volcanism on the overriding plate.: True
19. Most of the volcanoes on planet earth occur at tectonic plate boundaries: True
20. The presence of water in the crust plays an important role in mountain
building: True
21. The crust's response to the addition or removal of a load is called
__________________.: Isostasy
22. Mountains affect all of the other earth spheres except the biosphere.: False
23. Water is the most important factor in both chemical and physical weathering
processes.: True
24. Mountains are formed by which process?: Tectonic uplift, Igneous uplift, Erosional remnant
25. Which of the following would be the most conducive environment for weath-
ering by frost-wedging?: Nebraska's temperate climate
26. CO2 in the atmosphere combines with H2O to form ______________ acid.: Car-
bonic
27. The Himalayas are still growing taller today.: True
28. The Appalachian Mountains are not as tall as the Himalayas because Africa
and North America did not collide with as much force as India and Asia.: False
29. At seafloor spreading centers, two plates are: Moving away from each other
30. Crustal shortening typically happens by: Faulting and folding
31. Match the following plate tectonic features to the type of plate boundary
they are associated with. Answers may be used more than once, or not at
all.: Seafloor spreading center -> Divergent motion
Continental Rift -> Divergent motion
Continental collision zone -> Convergent motion
Island arc subduction zone -> Convergent motion
Oblique strike-slip dispersal -> Transpression motion
32. When iron-rich materials cool below their __________ temperature, they may
preserve the orientation of the magnetic field: Curie
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hmbo9i
1. Stratovolcanoes have a(n)____________________ composition, meaning they are
higher in Si, Al, K, and Na than oceanic volcanoes.: Andesitic
2. When oceanic lithosphere descends below continental crust, it produces a
_______________ ____________, which is marked by an oceanic trench.: Oceanic crust
3. Ecosystems that surround the hydrothermal black smokers on the seafloor
are called _______ _______________.: Vent Community
4. The earth's north and south pole have reversed several times throughout the
geologic past.: True
5. If a body of granite is overlain by sedimentary rocks, it is called a(n): Nonconformity
6. _______________ weathering is the breaking down of rock material into smaller
and smaller pieces.: Mechanical
7. _______________ weathering involves transforming rock material into new com-
pounds by dissolution, hydration reactions, or other like processes.: Chemical
8. The Himalaya Mountains are being formed as a result of the _______________
subcontinent colliding with: Indian, Asia
9. There is a low geothermal gradient at the mid-ocean ridges.: False
10. The absence of water in the crust of Venus causes it to deform __________.: -
Brittly
11. The model for ocean basin growth at a seafloor spreading center, and closure
at a subduction zone is called the ____________ _________.: Wilson Cycle
12. Ecosystems that surround the hydrothermal black smokers on the seafloor
are called _______ _______________.: vent community
13. Match the following names of paleo-oceans and paleo-continents to their
description.: Gondwanaland -> Southern supercontinent that consisted of Africa, Australia, India, and South
America
Pangea -> Supercontinent consisting of all landmasses
Lapetus -> Ocean that existed prior to the continental collision event that formed the Appalachian mountains
Tethys -> Ocean basin that was the precursor to the Mediterranean Sea
Laurasia -> Northern supercontinent that consisted of North America, Europe, and much of Asia
14. The Himalayas are being formed at which type of plate boundary?: Convergent -
Continental Collision Zones
15. Tectonic uplift typically occurs at which type of plate boundary?: Convergent
, Earth System Science
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hmbo9i
16. The oldest oceanic crust is about ___________________ years old.: 200 million
17. The vents of hot, mineral-rich water along the seafloor speeding centers
are called __________ ___________ because of their dark, cloudy appearance.: Black
Smokers
18. Subduction zones produce explosive volcanism on the overriding plate.: True
19. Most of the volcanoes on planet earth occur at tectonic plate boundaries: True
20. The presence of water in the crust plays an important role in mountain
building: True
21. The crust's response to the addition or removal of a load is called
__________________.: Isostasy
22. Mountains affect all of the other earth spheres except the biosphere.: False
23. Water is the most important factor in both chemical and physical weathering
processes.: True
24. Mountains are formed by which process?: Tectonic uplift, Igneous uplift, Erosional remnant
25. Which of the following would be the most conducive environment for weath-
ering by frost-wedging?: Nebraska's temperate climate
26. CO2 in the atmosphere combines with H2O to form ______________ acid.: Car-
bonic
27. The Himalayas are still growing taller today.: True
28. The Appalachian Mountains are not as tall as the Himalayas because Africa
and North America did not collide with as much force as India and Asia.: False
29. At seafloor spreading centers, two plates are: Moving away from each other
30. Crustal shortening typically happens by: Faulting and folding
31. Match the following plate tectonic features to the type of plate boundary
they are associated with. Answers may be used more than once, or not at
all.: Seafloor spreading center -> Divergent motion
Continental Rift -> Divergent motion
Continental collision zone -> Convergent motion
Island arc subduction zone -> Convergent motion
Oblique strike-slip dispersal -> Transpression motion
32. When iron-rich materials cool below their __________ temperature, they may
preserve the orientation of the magnetic field: Curie
