NUR 401 Module 1
1. Pre-Embryonic Stage: the first or second week mother is pregnant, most likely not aware of pregnancy,
nothing begins to develop besides the egg.
2. Embryonic Stage: most important part of pregnancy, about 3-8 weeks, major parts of babies develop like
the brain, heart, and ect. women learns that she is pregnant, teratogens can impact fetus severely.
3. Fetal Stage: around 12 weeks till birth, the babies brain continues to grow but appearance is the majority of
growth.
4. Placenta: 1. metabolic by producing nutrients needed for embryo, synthesize glycogen, cholesterol, and fatty
acids.
2. transfers substances between mom and baby like respiration for gas exchange.
3. endocrine by producing necessary hormones.
5. Fetal Membranes: the bag of water that the fetus is in, two layers.
1. amnion: the inner layer, continuous with the surface of the umbilical cord.
2. chorion: the outer layer of the sac.
6. Umbilical Cord: 2 arteries and 1 vein. the arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste from fetus, the vein
carries oxygenated blood and nutrient rich blood.
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, 7. Uterus Adaptations: hegar's sign- softening of the lower uterine segment, the uterus will be enlarged and
at 12 weeks can be felt and measured.
8. Cervix Adaptations: positive chadwick's sign- bluish purple color of the cervix.
positive goodell's sign- softening of the cervix.
9. Vagina Adaptations: may be darker in color, almost a blue or purple color (Chadwick's sign), and the vagina
enlarges closer to babies due date.
10. Ovaries Adaptations: dormet at the time of pregnancy.
11. Breast Adaptations: will be enlarged in preparation of milk supply and veins present due to increased
blood flow, will be enlarged nipples.
12. Gastrointestinal Adaptations: present heartburn (pyrosis), nausea and vomiting, emptying time is
increased (urine), and decreased motility so constipation will occur.
13. Cardiovascular Adaptations: dramatically increased blood flow, will remain a normal blood pressure,
increased cardiac output, and can become supine hypotensive if women is laying on her back.
14. Respiratory Adaptations: oxygen consumption increases 20%, half of this oxygen is used by the fetus,
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1. Pre-Embryonic Stage: the first or second week mother is pregnant, most likely not aware of pregnancy,
nothing begins to develop besides the egg.
2. Embryonic Stage: most important part of pregnancy, about 3-8 weeks, major parts of babies develop like
the brain, heart, and ect. women learns that she is pregnant, teratogens can impact fetus severely.
3. Fetal Stage: around 12 weeks till birth, the babies brain continues to grow but appearance is the majority of
growth.
4. Placenta: 1. metabolic by producing nutrients needed for embryo, synthesize glycogen, cholesterol, and fatty
acids.
2. transfers substances between mom and baby like respiration for gas exchange.
3. endocrine by producing necessary hormones.
5. Fetal Membranes: the bag of water that the fetus is in, two layers.
1. amnion: the inner layer, continuous with the surface of the umbilical cord.
2. chorion: the outer layer of the sac.
6. Umbilical Cord: 2 arteries and 1 vein. the arteries carry deoxygenated blood and waste from fetus, the vein
carries oxygenated blood and nutrient rich blood.
1/6
, 7. Uterus Adaptations: hegar's sign- softening of the lower uterine segment, the uterus will be enlarged and
at 12 weeks can be felt and measured.
8. Cervix Adaptations: positive chadwick's sign- bluish purple color of the cervix.
positive goodell's sign- softening of the cervix.
9. Vagina Adaptations: may be darker in color, almost a blue or purple color (Chadwick's sign), and the vagina
enlarges closer to babies due date.
10. Ovaries Adaptations: dormet at the time of pregnancy.
11. Breast Adaptations: will be enlarged in preparation of milk supply and veins present due to increased
blood flow, will be enlarged nipples.
12. Gastrointestinal Adaptations: present heartburn (pyrosis), nausea and vomiting, emptying time is
increased (urine), and decreased motility so constipation will occur.
13. Cardiovascular Adaptations: dramatically increased blood flow, will remain a normal blood pressure,
increased cardiac output, and can become supine hypotensive if women is laying on her back.
14. Respiratory Adaptations: oxygen consumption increases 20%, half of this oxygen is used by the fetus,
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