NP1 FINAL EXAM LIST QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
1. When does discharge planning begin?: Upon admission
2. Guidelines for Information to Include on a Discharge Summary include?: -Using
clear, concise descriptions in pt's own language
-Give step-by-step instruction for any procedure pt/family will be doing
-ID precautions to follow when performing self-care or administering medications
-List signs/symptoms of potential complications
-List names/phone #'s of health care providers and resources that the pt can contact
-ID any unsolved problems including plans for follow up and continuous treatment
-List actual time of discharge, mode of transportation, and who accompanied them
3. When are opioids prescribed?: -Opioids are prescribed for moderate to severe pain
4. F/e imbalance intervention enteral route:: -Oral replacement of fluids/electrolytes
-appropriate as long as stable
5. When is enteral route of fluid replacement contraindicated?: -when pt is unstable
-mechanical obstruction of GI tract is present
-when pt is high-risk for aspiration or impaired swallowing
6. When is restriction of fluids appropriate?: -hyponatremia
7. parenteral replacement of fluids and electrolytes: TPN, crystalloids, and colloids
8. What is Parenteral nutrition? (PN): -Infusion solution containing nutrients that is administered
intravenously to provide nutrition.
-Feeding by vein.
9. What are crystalloids?: solutions that contain fluids and electrolytes that are normally found in the body,
that do not contain proteins.
10. What are colloids?: Blood and blood component replaced via IV
,11. Isotonic: Same osmolality as body fluids.
12. Hypotonic fluids: Lower osmolarity than the serum. Pulls fluid out of the blood vessel and into the cells and
interstitial spaces where osmolarity is higher. Used when diuretic therapy dehydrates cells.
13. Hypertonic fluids: Higher osmolality than serum. Pulls fluid into interstitial space.
14. What are vascular access devices (VADs)?: -Catheters (ports) for repeated access to vascular
system
15. What are the interventions for electrolyte imbalances?: -administer prescribed medical
therapies
-nursing interventions for maintaining:
,--bowel management for constipation
--pt safety interventions
--increased fluid intake
--teach pts reasons for their therapies & importance of balancing electrolyte I & O.
16. What are the interventions for Acid-Base Imbalances?: -support prescribed medical
therapies and aim at reversing existing acid-base imbalance & pt safety
-maintain functional IV line, check orders frequently
-give f/e replacement & prescribed drugs (like insulin) promptly
-monitor closely
17. What is an opioid and how does it work?: -an analgesic
- acts on higher centers of the brain and spinal cord by binding w/ opiate receptors & modifying pain reception
18. Which commonly prescribed opiates are IV and orally?: morphine and hydromorphone
19. Which commonly prescribed opiates are oral only?: oxycodone and hydrocodone
20. Examples of opiates:: morphine, codeine, hydromorphone (dilaudid), fentanyl, oxycodone, and hy-
drocodone (Vicodin, and Lortab)
21. Side effects of opioids: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, sedation and respiratory depression.
22. Vital Sign Delegation: DO NOT delegate if it includes TAPE
-UAP must report all vitals to RN
23. :
24. What is the Braden scale?: an evidence-based tool that looks at various factors that put patients at risk for
developing a pressure ulcer. Includes:
sens
ory
perc
eptio
, n
mois
ture
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
m
o
b
i
l
i
t
y
n
u
t
r
i
t
i
o
n
1. When does discharge planning begin?: Upon admission
2. Guidelines for Information to Include on a Discharge Summary include?: -Using
clear, concise descriptions in pt's own language
-Give step-by-step instruction for any procedure pt/family will be doing
-ID precautions to follow when performing self-care or administering medications
-List signs/symptoms of potential complications
-List names/phone #'s of health care providers and resources that the pt can contact
-ID any unsolved problems including plans for follow up and continuous treatment
-List actual time of discharge, mode of transportation, and who accompanied them
3. When are opioids prescribed?: -Opioids are prescribed for moderate to severe pain
4. F/e imbalance intervention enteral route:: -Oral replacement of fluids/electrolytes
-appropriate as long as stable
5. When is enteral route of fluid replacement contraindicated?: -when pt is unstable
-mechanical obstruction of GI tract is present
-when pt is high-risk for aspiration or impaired swallowing
6. When is restriction of fluids appropriate?: -hyponatremia
7. parenteral replacement of fluids and electrolytes: TPN, crystalloids, and colloids
8. What is Parenteral nutrition? (PN): -Infusion solution containing nutrients that is administered
intravenously to provide nutrition.
-Feeding by vein.
9. What are crystalloids?: solutions that contain fluids and electrolytes that are normally found in the body,
that do not contain proteins.
10. What are colloids?: Blood and blood component replaced via IV
,11. Isotonic: Same osmolality as body fluids.
12. Hypotonic fluids: Lower osmolarity than the serum. Pulls fluid out of the blood vessel and into the cells and
interstitial spaces where osmolarity is higher. Used when diuretic therapy dehydrates cells.
13. Hypertonic fluids: Higher osmolality than serum. Pulls fluid into interstitial space.
14. What are vascular access devices (VADs)?: -Catheters (ports) for repeated access to vascular
system
15. What are the interventions for electrolyte imbalances?: -administer prescribed medical
therapies
-nursing interventions for maintaining:
,--bowel management for constipation
--pt safety interventions
--increased fluid intake
--teach pts reasons for their therapies & importance of balancing electrolyte I & O.
16. What are the interventions for Acid-Base Imbalances?: -support prescribed medical
therapies and aim at reversing existing acid-base imbalance & pt safety
-maintain functional IV line, check orders frequently
-give f/e replacement & prescribed drugs (like insulin) promptly
-monitor closely
17. What is an opioid and how does it work?: -an analgesic
- acts on higher centers of the brain and spinal cord by binding w/ opiate receptors & modifying pain reception
18. Which commonly prescribed opiates are IV and orally?: morphine and hydromorphone
19. Which commonly prescribed opiates are oral only?: oxycodone and hydrocodone
20. Examples of opiates:: morphine, codeine, hydromorphone (dilaudid), fentanyl, oxycodone, and hy-
drocodone (Vicodin, and Lortab)
21. Side effects of opioids: Nausea, vomiting, constipation, sedation and respiratory depression.
22. Vital Sign Delegation: DO NOT delegate if it includes TAPE
-UAP must report all vitals to RN
23. :
24. What is the Braden scale?: an evidence-based tool that looks at various factors that put patients at risk for
developing a pressure ulcer. Includes:
sens
ory
perc
eptio
, n
mois
ture
a
c
t
i
v
i
t
y
m
o
b
i
l
i
t
y
n
u
t
r
i
t
i
o
n
