Sophia_Human_Biology_Milestone_1 (A GRADE) - Ashford University | Sophia_Human_Biology_Milestone_1 (A GRADE)

You passed this Milestone 18 questions were answered correctly. 5 questions were answered incorrectly. 1 Which of the following statements about glycolysis is true? ● It is the last stage of cellular respiration. ● It utilizes a molecule of glucose to produce three ATP. ● It is an anaerobic process. ● Phosphorylation halts the process when ATP levels get too low. CONCEPT Glycolysis 2 How many turns of the Krebs cycle are required to break down one molecule of glucose? ● Four ● Three ● One ● Two CONCEPT Krebs Cycle 3 Which organelle is mainly responsible for synthesizing proteins? ● Ribosomes ● Golgi body● Smooth ER ● Nuclear envelope CONCEPT Endoplasmic Reticulum 4 Which of the following describes an organic compound? ● A compound that cannot be broken down by the cell ● A compound made up of carbohydrates ● A compound that contains the element carbon ● A compound found only in eukaryotic cells CONCEPT Carbohydrates 5 Which of the following statements is true? ● Diffusion is the movement of molecules across a plasma membrane, regardless of concentration gradient. ● Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. ● Diffusion requires ATP to function. ● Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. CONCEPT Diffusion 6 Which of the following statements is true? ● Prokaryotic cells don't have a nucleus, but they still have a plasma membrane that separates their DNA from their cytoplasm.● All cells are made up of smaller cells. ● Eukaryotic cells don't have a nucleus but often have a flagella. ● In all cells, the plasma membrane controls what enters and exits. CONCEPT Cell Theory 7 Which of the following statements about enzymes is true? ● Salivary amylase is an example of an enzyme that breaks down starch. ● Enzymes convert products into substrates. ● The chemical make-up of an enzyme changes with each time it is used. ● Enzymes can either speed up or slow down chemical reactions in the body. CONCEPT Enzymes 8 Which is a component of cellular respiration? ● Glycolysis ● Meiosis ● ATP breakdown ● Facilitated diffusion CONCEPT Mitochondria 9 What is true about the electron transport chain (ETC)? ● Most ATP is produced during this step of cellular respiration. ● A build-up of potassium on the inner membrane of the cell causes a gradient which leads to the production of ATP.● The electron transport chain takes place in the nucleus of the cell. ● Only products from the Krebs cycle are utilized in the electron transport chain. CONCEPT Electron Transport Chain 10 In which kind of cells is the Golgi body found? ● Only eukaryotic cells ● All cells ● Only prokaryotic cells ● Some eukaryotic and some prokaryotic cells CONCEPT Golgi Body 11 Which of the following is a component of cell membranes and includes a hydrophilic head, a glycerol backbone and two fatty acid tails? ● Phospholipids ● Fatty acids ● Nucleic acids ● Triglycerides CONCEPT Plasma Membrane 12 A tonicity with a high concentration of solutes is said to be _________. ● isotonic ● hypertonic ● hypotonic● selectively permeable CONCEPT Osmosis 13 Chris is trying to determine whether the brand of coffee he drinks has an impact on his productivity. Which of the following could be his prediction? ● "I predict that I'll be more productive on days when I drink Coffee A." ● "I notice that I'm more productive on days when I drink Coffee A." ● "I propose that Coffee A somehow boosts my productivity." ● "Based on many tests, I realize that Coffee A does not actually boost my productivity." CONCEPT Scientific Method 14 What role do sensory receptors play in feedback loops to maintain homeostasis? ● Reverse the effects of stimuli ● Detect stimuli ● Respond to stimuli ● Interpret stimuli CONCEPT Homeostasis 15Which of the following is a characteristic of the nucleus? ● It is not found in eukaryotic cells. ● It houses the cell's DNA. ● It is a pocket in the cell's plasma membrane that houses DNA. ● It is a double membrane that surrounds the nuclear envelope. CONCEPT Nucleus 16 Which of the following is part of a nucleotide? ● Proteins ● Amino acid ● DNA ● Sugar CONCEPT Nucleic Acids 17 Where is cytosol found? ● Inside the nucleus ● Surrounding the cell ● Between the two layers of the plasma membrane ● In the cytoplasm CONCEPT Cytoplasm 18 Select the statement that is TRUE regarding metabolism.● In catabolism, complex carbs, proteins and other molecules are disassembled. ● In anabolism, polysaccharides are turned into monosaccharides. ● In anabolism, complex carbs, proteins and other molecules are disassembled. ● In catabolism, glucose is combined to form a complex carbohydrate. CONCEPT Metabolism 19 Which of the following characteristics is shared by all organisms? ● Cycles of consciousness and sleep ● The ability to grow and reproduce ● Being made up of multiple cells ● Division into multiple sexes CONCEPT Organisms 20 At what level of protein structure do amino acids continue to twist and fold, forming a 3-D shape? ● Quaternary ● Secondary ● Primary ● Tertiary CONCEPT Proteins 21 What type of lipid is made up of a glycerol molecule and three fatty acid side chains? ● Triglyceride● Sterol ● Phospholipid ● Saturated fat CONCEPT Lipids 22 Which of the following sources of information is most credible? ● An article in the science section of a local newspaper ● An article in a popular magazine ● An article written for the school paper by a science teacher ● An article in a peer-reviewed journal CONCEPT Evaluate Information 23 What molecules in the cell membrane help move molecules from a low to a high concentration gradient? ● Diffusion pumps ● Transport proteins ● Vesicles ● Endocytosis CONCEPT Facilitated Diffusion