Page 1 of 113
NUR 355 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK| NUR355 MEDSURG FINAL EXAM WITH
400 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED
A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
A patient has Diabetic nephropathy, what could this lead to?
A) Systemic vasodilation
B) Hemophilia A
C) Increased renin secretion
D) Decreased renin secretion – Correct Answer - C.
Increased renin secretionThis is due to decreased blood flow to the
kidneys. The kidneys realize their is not enough pressure coming to
them so they begin the RAAS system so increase blood pressure. This
lead to systemic vasoconstriction and also increased blood volume.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation is a condition that is often life
threatening, this condition can arise from different physiologic
problems, which one of the answers below is not a primary reason for
DIC
A) extensive endothelial damage
B) release of tissue thromboplastin
C) hypertension from CVD
D) obstetric complication – Correct Answer - C is the correct answer
because hypertension is not PRIMARY reason for DIC comparing these
pg. 1
,Page 2 of 113
answers to A, B, and D you can see that these are direct primary causes
of DIC
A postmenopausal woman comes into your clinical complaining of bad
back pain and having limited mobility. You measure her and find that
she has lost 2 inches of height since her last visit and her Kyphosis has
gotten worse. What are you worried that this woman may have?
A) Rickets
B) Arthritis
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Osteoporosis – Correct Answer – D.
A predisposing factor of osteoporosis is being an older woman who has
gone through menopause. Some manifestations of osteoporosis include
back pain and kyphosis with a loss of height. Her limited mobility is
another sign of this disease.
Laboratory studies are performed for a child suspected of having iron
deficiency anemia. The nurse reviews the laboratory results, knowing
that which of the following results would indicate this type of anemia?
A) An elevated hemoglobin level
B) A decreased reticulocyte
C) An elevated RBC count
D) Red blood cells that are microcytic and hypochromic – Correct
Answer - D,
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,Page 3 of 113
The results of a CBC in children with iron deficiency anemia will show
decreased hemoglobin levels and microcytic and hypochromic red blood
cells. The red blood cell count is decreased. The reticulocyte count is
usually normal or slightly elevated.
A patient has been diagnosed with acute renal failure. What symptom
would the patient present with?
A) Decrease creatinine
B) Increased BUN
C) Polyuria
D) Hypokalemia – Correct Answer - B. Increased BUN
Kidney failure causes your kidneys to not filter your blood correctly.
BUN is blood urea nitrogen and if the kidneys cannot filter urea out of
your blood, then you will have a high urea blood levels (BUN).
The patient will also have increased creatinine levels and hyperkalemia
because the kidneys are not filtering correctly. The patient will have
oliguria (decrease urine output) and not polyuria (increased urine
output).
A patient has a thoracentesis with a suspicion of empyema, and pleural
fluid has been sent to the laboratory for examination. Which of the
following components of the pleural fluid would best support a
diagnosis of empyema?
A) Epithelial cells
B) Plasma proteins
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, Page 4 of 113
C) Leukocytes
D) Erythrocytes – Correct Answer - C.
With exudative effusions, they happen as a response to inflammation
that could result from a tumor. This can increase the capillary
permeability which allows fluid containing protein and WBCs the ability
to leak into the pleural cavity. Empyema happens when the fluid is
purulent as a result of infection. A thoracentesis happens when there is a
large quantity of fluid and it is required to be removed in order to relieve
pressure.
What sign/symptom is manifested in right-sided heart failure?
A) Orthopnea
B) Dependent edema
C) Cough
D) Basilar crackles – Correct Answer - B.
Dependent edema Due to the back up of blood in the systemic
circulation behind the right ventricle, there is an increase in blood
volume which pools in the legs and feet, causing edema. Orthopnea,
cough, and basilar crackles are backward effects of left-sided heart
failure.
A patient presents with abdominal pain but states he cant describe where
it is coming from. After waiting in the waiting room for 2 hours the pain
is now localized to the right lower quadrant .What type of pain does the
patient currently present with?
A) Somatic Pain
pg. 4
NUR 355 FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025 ACTUAL EXAM
TEST BANK| NUR355 MEDSURG FINAL EXAM WITH
400 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED
A+ (MOST RECENT!!)
A patient has Diabetic nephropathy, what could this lead to?
A) Systemic vasodilation
B) Hemophilia A
C) Increased renin secretion
D) Decreased renin secretion – Correct Answer - C.
Increased renin secretionThis is due to decreased blood flow to the
kidneys. The kidneys realize their is not enough pressure coming to
them so they begin the RAAS system so increase blood pressure. This
lead to systemic vasoconstriction and also increased blood volume.
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation is a condition that is often life
threatening, this condition can arise from different physiologic
problems, which one of the answers below is not a primary reason for
DIC
A) extensive endothelial damage
B) release of tissue thromboplastin
C) hypertension from CVD
D) obstetric complication – Correct Answer - C is the correct answer
because hypertension is not PRIMARY reason for DIC comparing these
pg. 1
,Page 2 of 113
answers to A, B, and D you can see that these are direct primary causes
of DIC
A postmenopausal woman comes into your clinical complaining of bad
back pain and having limited mobility. You measure her and find that
she has lost 2 inches of height since her last visit and her Kyphosis has
gotten worse. What are you worried that this woman may have?
A) Rickets
B) Arthritis
C) Hypothyroidism
D) Osteoporosis – Correct Answer – D.
A predisposing factor of osteoporosis is being an older woman who has
gone through menopause. Some manifestations of osteoporosis include
back pain and kyphosis with a loss of height. Her limited mobility is
another sign of this disease.
Laboratory studies are performed for a child suspected of having iron
deficiency anemia. The nurse reviews the laboratory results, knowing
that which of the following results would indicate this type of anemia?
A) An elevated hemoglobin level
B) A decreased reticulocyte
C) An elevated RBC count
D) Red blood cells that are microcytic and hypochromic – Correct
Answer - D,
pg. 2
,Page 3 of 113
The results of a CBC in children with iron deficiency anemia will show
decreased hemoglobin levels and microcytic and hypochromic red blood
cells. The red blood cell count is decreased. The reticulocyte count is
usually normal or slightly elevated.
A patient has been diagnosed with acute renal failure. What symptom
would the patient present with?
A) Decrease creatinine
B) Increased BUN
C) Polyuria
D) Hypokalemia – Correct Answer - B. Increased BUN
Kidney failure causes your kidneys to not filter your blood correctly.
BUN is blood urea nitrogen and if the kidneys cannot filter urea out of
your blood, then you will have a high urea blood levels (BUN).
The patient will also have increased creatinine levels and hyperkalemia
because the kidneys are not filtering correctly. The patient will have
oliguria (decrease urine output) and not polyuria (increased urine
output).
A patient has a thoracentesis with a suspicion of empyema, and pleural
fluid has been sent to the laboratory for examination. Which of the
following components of the pleural fluid would best support a
diagnosis of empyema?
A) Epithelial cells
B) Plasma proteins
pg. 3
, Page 4 of 113
C) Leukocytes
D) Erythrocytes – Correct Answer - C.
With exudative effusions, they happen as a response to inflammation
that could result from a tumor. This can increase the capillary
permeability which allows fluid containing protein and WBCs the ability
to leak into the pleural cavity. Empyema happens when the fluid is
purulent as a result of infection. A thoracentesis happens when there is a
large quantity of fluid and it is required to be removed in order to relieve
pressure.
What sign/symptom is manifested in right-sided heart failure?
A) Orthopnea
B) Dependent edema
C) Cough
D) Basilar crackles – Correct Answer - B.
Dependent edema Due to the back up of blood in the systemic
circulation behind the right ventricle, there is an increase in blood
volume which pools in the legs and feet, causing edema. Orthopnea,
cough, and basilar crackles are backward effects of left-sided heart
failure.
A patient presents with abdominal pain but states he cant describe where
it is coming from. After waiting in the waiting room for 2 hours the pain
is now localized to the right lower quadrant .What type of pain does the
patient currently present with?
A) Somatic Pain
pg. 4
