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Pathophysiology (NR283) Study Guide Exam 1 Questions with
100% Verified Answers 2025 | 2026
This is a comprehensive study guide for Pathophysiology (NR283) Exam 1. Here are the
questions and their verified answers, organized by topic for easier studying:
Pathophysiology (NR283) Study Guide Exam 1
Cellular Adaptation and Damage
Question Answer
Hypertrophy Increase in cell size - results in enlarged tissue mass
Additional work by the tissue; Excessive hormonal
Causes of hypertrophy
stimulation
Enlarged heart resulting from increased demands;
Examples of hypertrophy Effect of consistent exercise on skeletal muscle,
leading to an enlarged muscle mass
Atrophy Decrease in cell size - results in reduced tissue mass
Reduced use of the tissue; Insufficient nutrition;
Causes of atrophy Decreased neurologic or hormonal stimulation;
Aging
Shrinkage of skeletal muscle that occurs when a limb
Example of atrophy
is immobilized in a cast for several weeks
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Question Answer
Increase in number of cells - results in enlarged
Hyperplasia
tissue mass
Compensatory mechanism to meet increased
Cause of hyperplasia demand or pathologic when there is a hormonal
imbalance
In some cases ________ and
________ can occur
simultaneously, as in the uterine Hyperplasia and hypertrophy
enlargement that occurs during
pregnancy
Mature cell type that is replaced by a different
Metaplasia mature cell type; Adaptive mechanism that provides
more resistance tissue
Example of metaplasia Smoker cells
Abnormal growth or development of a tissue or
organ; Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue;
Dysplasia
Large nuclei are frequently present; Rate of mitosis is
increased
Causes of dysplasia Chronic irritation; Infection; Precancerous change
Neoplasia "New growth" or tumor
Ischemia Deficient of oxygen in the cells
Pathophysiology (NR283) Study Guide Exam 1 Questions with
100% Verified Answers 2025 | 2026
This is a comprehensive study guide for Pathophysiology (NR283) Exam 1. Here are the
questions and their verified answers, organized by topic for easier studying:
Pathophysiology (NR283) Study Guide Exam 1
Cellular Adaptation and Damage
Question Answer
Hypertrophy Increase in cell size - results in enlarged tissue mass
Additional work by the tissue; Excessive hormonal
Causes of hypertrophy
stimulation
Enlarged heart resulting from increased demands;
Examples of hypertrophy Effect of consistent exercise on skeletal muscle,
leading to an enlarged muscle mass
Atrophy Decrease in cell size - results in reduced tissue mass
Reduced use of the tissue; Insufficient nutrition;
Causes of atrophy Decreased neurologic or hormonal stimulation;
Aging
Shrinkage of skeletal muscle that occurs when a limb
Example of atrophy
is immobilized in a cast for several weeks
, 2|Page
Question Answer
Increase in number of cells - results in enlarged
Hyperplasia
tissue mass
Compensatory mechanism to meet increased
Cause of hyperplasia demand or pathologic when there is a hormonal
imbalance
In some cases ________ and
________ can occur
simultaneously, as in the uterine Hyperplasia and hypertrophy
enlargement that occurs during
pregnancy
Mature cell type that is replaced by a different
Metaplasia mature cell type; Adaptive mechanism that provides
more resistance tissue
Example of metaplasia Smoker cells
Abnormal growth or development of a tissue or
organ; Cells vary in size and shape within a tissue;
Dysplasia
Large nuclei are frequently present; Rate of mitosis is
increased
Causes of dysplasia Chronic irritation; Infection; Precancerous change
Neoplasia "New growth" or tumor
Ischemia Deficient of oxygen in the cells
