CULTURAL PSYCHOLOGY EXAM 1
STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
humans tend to copy everything that a prestigious model does, because humans - ANSWER-
don't know what it is about the model that made him/her successful
among three newly discovered species of primates, Species A's diet is based fully on fruits,
Species B's diet is based fully on food the requires extractive foraging methods, and Species C's
diet is highly social. Which species should have the largest encephalization quotient (EQ) -
ANSWER-the answer cannot be determined with the available information
A team of scientists observes that a new species (Species X) tends not to copy exactly how a
model uses a new tool; instead, they are very adept at figuring out on their own how to best
use the tool. conversely, another new species (Species Y) does tend to copy exactly how a model
uses a new tool, paying attention to the behavioral strategies of the model. based on this
observation, what trajectory should we expect their respective cultural development to be like -
ANSWER-Species X will likely not have cumulative culture and Species Y will likely have
cumulative culture
According to Dunbar, why would larger social groups be associated with the evolution of larger
brains - ANSWER-Larger groups had greater social complexity, driving the evolution of larger
brains to handle such complexity
what theory is best supported for why primates evolved such large brains - ANSWER-they tend
to live in large social groups, which requires intelligence to function effectively
which of the following (historically inaccurate) examples best demonstrates the process of the
ratchet effect - ANSWER-Marx creates a new political ideology, Lennon builds on this ideology,
and Stalin further expands on it
if a child wants to be a great ice hockey player and chooses to learn from Wayne Gretzky as the
prestigious model, what aspect(s) of Wayne Gretzky is the child most likely to imitate -
ANSWER-everything that wayne Gretzky does, both related and unrelated to hockey
an infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal. which of the following
scenarios best demonstrates that the infant is engaging in emulative learning - ANSWER-when
given the tool, the infant figures out on her own how to use the tool to achieve the same goal
, according to Henrich's mathematical model, why would complex cultural knowledge
deteriorate, as was the case in 18th-century Tasmania - ANSWER-shrinkage in the population
leads to a lack of skilled models for people to copy
why isn't there much cumulative culture among chimpanzees - ANSWER-chimpanzees aren't
very good at imitative learning
a 2.5-year old human child, a chimpanzee, and an orangutan are presented with the same
problem-solving task - they must figure out how to use a tool to reach up to the top of a cabinet
and nudge a wooden block that will knock over a banana. based on hermann and colleagues'
findings, which of the three participants will outperform the others - ANSWER-they will all
perform equally well
on planet X, you observe that a primate-like species is undergoing rapid evolution, with their
brains having grown significantly in volume. based on the textbook's discussion about a similar
process that took place in human evolution, what physiological changes to this alien species
would you NOT expect to accompany this growth in brain volume? assume that body size has
not changed - ANSWER-shorter fingers and limbs
Homer sharpens a rock and uses it to shave. Schick adds a handle to the rock for better grip.
gillette then changes the rock to a titanium blade for durability. the progression of
improvements made to the shaving utensil is an example of - ANSWER-ratchet effect
which of the following statements is TRUE regarding chimpanzees living in the wild - ANSWER-
they do not show conclusive evidence theory of mind
according to the social brain hypothesis, which of the following is TRUE - ANSWER-evolution
favors those who do well in maintaining social relationships
what child(re) below demonstrate(s) the existence of theory of mind - ANSWER-a child who
hides his toys so his mother won't find them
you and a small handful of people have split off from a large and technologically advanced
society to settle on another island. according to hornet's mathematical model, what will most
likely happen to the development of cultural technology in your splinter group - ANSWER-the
cultural technology of your group will likely devolve due to a lack of skilled models
which of the following i NOT direct evidence for the social brain hypothesis - ANSWER-humans
have a large encephalization quotient
which of the following is TRUE of the relationship specifically between human brains and group
size, according to Dunbar - ANSWER-the neocortex ratio in humans gives them the capacity to
keep track of about 150 relationships
STUDY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
humans tend to copy everything that a prestigious model does, because humans - ANSWER-
don't know what it is about the model that made him/her successful
among three newly discovered species of primates, Species A's diet is based fully on fruits,
Species B's diet is based fully on food the requires extractive foraging methods, and Species C's
diet is highly social. Which species should have the largest encephalization quotient (EQ) -
ANSWER-the answer cannot be determined with the available information
A team of scientists observes that a new species (Species X) tends not to copy exactly how a
model uses a new tool; instead, they are very adept at figuring out on their own how to best
use the tool. conversely, another new species (Species Y) does tend to copy exactly how a model
uses a new tool, paying attention to the behavioral strategies of the model. based on this
observation, what trajectory should we expect their respective cultural development to be like -
ANSWER-Species X will likely not have cumulative culture and Species Y will likely have
cumulative culture
According to Dunbar, why would larger social groups be associated with the evolution of larger
brains - ANSWER-Larger groups had greater social complexity, driving the evolution of larger
brains to handle such complexity
what theory is best supported for why primates evolved such large brains - ANSWER-they tend
to live in large social groups, which requires intelligence to function effectively
which of the following (historically inaccurate) examples best demonstrates the process of the
ratchet effect - ANSWER-Marx creates a new political ideology, Lennon builds on this ideology,
and Stalin further expands on it
if a child wants to be a great ice hockey player and chooses to learn from Wayne Gretzky as the
prestigious model, what aspect(s) of Wayne Gretzky is the child most likely to imitate -
ANSWER-everything that wayne Gretzky does, both related and unrelated to hockey
an infant of Species X sees a model use a new tool to achieve a goal. which of the following
scenarios best demonstrates that the infant is engaging in emulative learning - ANSWER-when
given the tool, the infant figures out on her own how to use the tool to achieve the same goal
, according to Henrich's mathematical model, why would complex cultural knowledge
deteriorate, as was the case in 18th-century Tasmania - ANSWER-shrinkage in the population
leads to a lack of skilled models for people to copy
why isn't there much cumulative culture among chimpanzees - ANSWER-chimpanzees aren't
very good at imitative learning
a 2.5-year old human child, a chimpanzee, and an orangutan are presented with the same
problem-solving task - they must figure out how to use a tool to reach up to the top of a cabinet
and nudge a wooden block that will knock over a banana. based on hermann and colleagues'
findings, which of the three participants will outperform the others - ANSWER-they will all
perform equally well
on planet X, you observe that a primate-like species is undergoing rapid evolution, with their
brains having grown significantly in volume. based on the textbook's discussion about a similar
process that took place in human evolution, what physiological changes to this alien species
would you NOT expect to accompany this growth in brain volume? assume that body size has
not changed - ANSWER-shorter fingers and limbs
Homer sharpens a rock and uses it to shave. Schick adds a handle to the rock for better grip.
gillette then changes the rock to a titanium blade for durability. the progression of
improvements made to the shaving utensil is an example of - ANSWER-ratchet effect
which of the following statements is TRUE regarding chimpanzees living in the wild - ANSWER-
they do not show conclusive evidence theory of mind
according to the social brain hypothesis, which of the following is TRUE - ANSWER-evolution
favors those who do well in maintaining social relationships
what child(re) below demonstrate(s) the existence of theory of mind - ANSWER-a child who
hides his toys so his mother won't find them
you and a small handful of people have split off from a large and technologically advanced
society to settle on another island. according to hornet's mathematical model, what will most
likely happen to the development of cultural technology in your splinter group - ANSWER-the
cultural technology of your group will likely devolve due to a lack of skilled models
which of the following i NOT direct evidence for the social brain hypothesis - ANSWER-humans
have a large encephalization quotient
which of the following is TRUE of the relationship specifically between human brains and group
size, according to Dunbar - ANSWER-the neocortex ratio in humans gives them the capacity to
keep track of about 150 relationships
