HNF 471 EXAM 3 LIVER DISEASE LECTURE
Gross anatomy of hepatobiliary system (consists of) - Answer -liver
Biliary system
Hepatic. Vein
Hepatic artery
Portal vein
GI tract veins
Name 2 roles of the liver - Answer -1) bile production and excretion
2) storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals
Hepatocytes can regenerate after injury. But repeated regeneration leads to .... -
Answer -fibrous tissue, abnormal liver structure, necrosis (cirrhosis)
Bile secretion has two functions what are they - Answer -acts as an emulsifying agent
Absorption of fat by forming micelles
Bile salts are created from what - Answer -cholesterol
Where are bile salts created - Answer -in hepatocyte
Bile salt synthesis accounts for how much of liver cholesterol metabolism - Answer -
~50%
Function of gallbladder - Answer -stores, concentrates, and secretes bile
Total bile acid pool circulated how many times per day - Answer -4-6
Volume of biliary secretion - Answer -1 L/d
Bile is an - Answer -emulsifier
Bile helps with absorption of - Answer -fatty acids, cholesterol, other lipids
Bile forms ________ which are soluble in _______ - Answer -micelles; chyme
What happens to feces without bile - Answer -steatorrhea
Cholestasis - Answer -retention of bile in the gall bladder and or liver
Causes of cholestasis - Answer -primary biliary cirrhosis, alcohol abuse, gall stones
Gall stones also called - Answer -cholelithiasis
, Why is cholestasis a problem - Answer -bile acids can be toxic to hepatocytes and
overflow into the serum and skin which leads to pruritus and then there is not enough
bile to absorb fat
What happens because of cholestasis - Answer -steatorrhea and fat soluble vitamin
deficiency; blockage of ducts from stones then liver damage and/or pancreatitis
What do cholestais labs look like
-Alk phos
ALT
AST
Tbili - Answer -alk phos: high
ALT & AST: WNL/slightly elevated
Tbili: normal; late disease high
Acute cases of cholestasis patients are _________ and then progressed to what kind of
diet? - Answer -NPO; low-fat
Low fat cholestasis diet means that fat intake is what % of calories - Answer -25-30%
What do you have to supplement with for long term cholestasis - Answer -calcium and
vitamin D
What do you have to educate patient on in terms of bile acid binders or sequestrants -
Answer -lower bile acid concentration which can cause bloating and constipation
Mcts do not require what for absorption - Answer -bile or pancreatic enzymes
Do mcts contain essential fatty acids - Answer -no
Asterixis - Answer -tremor of the hand when the wrist is extended
Portal hypertension - Answer -hypertension in portal venous system
Portal hypertension results in - Answer -poor circulation of blood through the liver
How is portal HTN managed - Answer -transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts
Hepatomegaly - Answer -enlarged liver
Jaundice - Answer -yellowing of eyes and skin due to hyperbilirubinemia
Ascites - Answer -retention of fluid, electrolytes, serum proteins in abdomen
Paracentesis - Answer -draining of ascites
Gross anatomy of hepatobiliary system (consists of) - Answer -liver
Biliary system
Hepatic. Vein
Hepatic artery
Portal vein
GI tract veins
Name 2 roles of the liver - Answer -1) bile production and excretion
2) storage of glycogen, vitamins, and minerals
Hepatocytes can regenerate after injury. But repeated regeneration leads to .... -
Answer -fibrous tissue, abnormal liver structure, necrosis (cirrhosis)
Bile secretion has two functions what are they - Answer -acts as an emulsifying agent
Absorption of fat by forming micelles
Bile salts are created from what - Answer -cholesterol
Where are bile salts created - Answer -in hepatocyte
Bile salt synthesis accounts for how much of liver cholesterol metabolism - Answer -
~50%
Function of gallbladder - Answer -stores, concentrates, and secretes bile
Total bile acid pool circulated how many times per day - Answer -4-6
Volume of biliary secretion - Answer -1 L/d
Bile is an - Answer -emulsifier
Bile helps with absorption of - Answer -fatty acids, cholesterol, other lipids
Bile forms ________ which are soluble in _______ - Answer -micelles; chyme
What happens to feces without bile - Answer -steatorrhea
Cholestasis - Answer -retention of bile in the gall bladder and or liver
Causes of cholestasis - Answer -primary biliary cirrhosis, alcohol abuse, gall stones
Gall stones also called - Answer -cholelithiasis
, Why is cholestasis a problem - Answer -bile acids can be toxic to hepatocytes and
overflow into the serum and skin which leads to pruritus and then there is not enough
bile to absorb fat
What happens because of cholestasis - Answer -steatorrhea and fat soluble vitamin
deficiency; blockage of ducts from stones then liver damage and/or pancreatitis
What do cholestais labs look like
-Alk phos
ALT
AST
Tbili - Answer -alk phos: high
ALT & AST: WNL/slightly elevated
Tbili: normal; late disease high
Acute cases of cholestasis patients are _________ and then progressed to what kind of
diet? - Answer -NPO; low-fat
Low fat cholestasis diet means that fat intake is what % of calories - Answer -25-30%
What do you have to supplement with for long term cholestasis - Answer -calcium and
vitamin D
What do you have to educate patient on in terms of bile acid binders or sequestrants -
Answer -lower bile acid concentration which can cause bloating and constipation
Mcts do not require what for absorption - Answer -bile or pancreatic enzymes
Do mcts contain essential fatty acids - Answer -no
Asterixis - Answer -tremor of the hand when the wrist is extended
Portal hypertension - Answer -hypertension in portal venous system
Portal hypertension results in - Answer -poor circulation of blood through the liver
How is portal HTN managed - Answer -transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts
Hepatomegaly - Answer -enlarged liver
Jaundice - Answer -yellowing of eyes and skin due to hyperbilirubinemia
Ascites - Answer -retention of fluid, electrolytes, serum proteins in abdomen
Paracentesis - Answer -draining of ascites
