NURS 8022 Exam 3 with correct answers |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which of the following disorders can lead to a low V/Q mismatch?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Pulmonary edema
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Pulmonary Embolism
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary Hypertension
|||\\\ |||\\\
D. Hypercapnia
|||\\\
A. Pulmonary edema
|||\\\ |||\\\
Nitric oxide, which is released by the glomerular endothelial cells, causes which physiological
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
process to occur? |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Vasoconstriction
|||\\\
B. Vasodilation
|||\\\
B. Vasodilation
|||\\\
What would be a normal physiological response in regard to osmosis be in a patient with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hyperglycemia?
The patient's serum is hypertonic and the fluid will move out of the cell
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
How does the parasympathetic nervous system decrease heart rate?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Release of ACH from the parasympathetic system increases the permeability of K+ ions and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
leads to hyperpolarization of the cell. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A patient is in renal failure. The patient reports a history of severe diarrhea for several days.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
They also report they have not been able to eat or drink anything for the last 24 hours due to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
not feeling well. The NP would suspect that this patient's renal failure is a (pre/intral/post
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
renal) and is due to (dehydration/ischemia/urinary obstruction).
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Prerenal; dehydration |||\\\
Which of the following cardiac alterations could lead to left sided hypertrophic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cardiomyopathy?
A. Aortic stenosis
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Pulmonary hypertension
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Cardiac dilation
|||\\\ |||\\\
D. Amyloidosis
|||\\\
,A. Aortic stenosis
|||\\\ |||\\\
Natriuretic peptides increase the _________ of sodium? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
excretion
A patient presents with right sided heart failure, what is the most likely cause?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Left sided heart failure |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
If a patient's BP was 200/120 what would you expect to occur physiologically in the kidneys?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Afferent arteriole constriction |||\\\ |||\\\
GFR is directly related to.. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
renal blood flow and perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which of the following represents ventricular systole on the ECG? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. PR interval
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. QRS |||\\\
C. ST interval
|||\\\ |||\\\
D. QT interval
|||\\\ |||\\\
QT interval |||\\\
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is nephrotic sediment in the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
urine. This means there is a large presence of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Protein
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is nephritic sediment in the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
urine. This means there is a large presence of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Blood
What are two functions of surfactant in the lungs? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Keeps alveoli open and free of fluid |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Decreases surface tension by blocking H2O and H+ binding |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
If a patients has low plasma volume what is the normal physiological response?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Thirst
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Phrenic nerve |||\\\
, Which lipid carried cholesterol to the tissues? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
LDL
What three areas does gas exchange occur?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Bronchioles
Alveolar ducts |||\\\
Alveoli
Gas exchange airways are served by the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Cardiac circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Venous circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
Bronchi and other lung structures are served by the |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Cardiac circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Systemic circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
Pulmonary circulation functions |||\\\ |||\\\
Facilitate gas exchange |||\\\ |||\\\
Deliver nutrients to lung tissue |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Act as blood reservoir for L ventricle
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Filtering system |||\\\
pH range |||\\\
7.35-7.45
PaCO2 range |||\\\
35-45
PaO2
75-100 mmHg |||\\\
HCO3 range |||\\\
22-26 mEq/L |||\\\
Base excess |||\\\
Which of the following disorders can lead to a low V/Q mismatch?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Pulmonary edema
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Pulmonary Embolism
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary Hypertension
|||\\\ |||\\\
D. Hypercapnia
|||\\\
A. Pulmonary edema
|||\\\ |||\\\
Nitric oxide, which is released by the glomerular endothelial cells, causes which physiological
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
process to occur? |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Vasoconstriction
|||\\\
B. Vasodilation
|||\\\
B. Vasodilation
|||\\\
What would be a normal physiological response in regard to osmosis be in a patient with
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
hyperglycemia?
The patient's serum is hypertonic and the fluid will move out of the cell
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
How does the parasympathetic nervous system decrease heart rate?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Release of ACH from the parasympathetic system increases the permeability of K+ ions and
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
leads to hyperpolarization of the cell. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A patient is in renal failure. The patient reports a history of severe diarrhea for several days.
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
They also report they have not been able to eat or drink anything for the last 24 hours due to
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
not feeling well. The NP would suspect that this patient's renal failure is a (pre/intral/post
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
renal) and is due to (dehydration/ischemia/urinary obstruction).
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Prerenal; dehydration |||\\\
Which of the following cardiac alterations could lead to left sided hypertrophic
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
cardiomyopathy?
A. Aortic stenosis
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Pulmonary hypertension
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Cardiac dilation
|||\\\ |||\\\
D. Amyloidosis
|||\\\
,A. Aortic stenosis
|||\\\ |||\\\
Natriuretic peptides increase the _________ of sodium? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
excretion
A patient presents with right sided heart failure, what is the most likely cause?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Left sided heart failure |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
If a patient's BP was 200/120 what would you expect to occur physiologically in the kidneys?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Afferent arteriole constriction |||\\\ |||\\\
GFR is directly related to.. |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
renal blood flow and perfusion pressure in the glomerular capillaries
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Which of the following represents ventricular systole on the ECG? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. PR interval
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. QRS |||\\\
C. ST interval
|||\\\ |||\\\
D. QT interval
|||\\\ |||\\\
QT interval |||\\\
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is nephrotic sediment in the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
urine. This means there is a large presence of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Protein
When reviewing the patients chart a provider reads that there is nephritic sediment in the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
urine. This means there is a large presence of |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Blood
What are two functions of surfactant in the lungs? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Keeps alveoli open and free of fluid |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
-Decreases surface tension by blocking H2O and H+ binding |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
If a patients has low plasma volume what is the normal physiological response?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Thirst
Which nerve innervates the diaphragm? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Phrenic nerve |||\\\
, Which lipid carried cholesterol to the tissues? |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
LDL
What three areas does gas exchange occur?
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Bronchioles
Alveolar ducts |||\\\
Alveoli
Gas exchange airways are served by the
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Cardiac circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Venous circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
Bronchi and other lung structures are served by the |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
A. Cardiac circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Systemic circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
C. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
B. Pulmonary circulation
|||\\\ |||\\\
Pulmonary circulation functions |||\\\ |||\\\
Facilitate gas exchange |||\\\ |||\\\
Deliver nutrients to lung tissue |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Act as blood reservoir for L ventricle
|||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\ |||\\\
Filtering system |||\\\
pH range |||\\\
7.35-7.45
PaCO2 range |||\\\
35-45
PaO2
75-100 mmHg |||\\\
HCO3 range |||\\\
22-26 mEq/L |||\\\
Base excess |||\\\
