NR283 EXAM 3 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026
Normal function of the Stomach - CORRECT ANSWER -Reservoir for food and fluid. Breakdown
and digest food released chemical enzymes. Gastric contents become chyme. Releases food into
small intestine.
Chemicals involved: pepsin, acid, and gastrin.
Normal function of the Small Intestine - CORRECT ANSWER -Absorption of food
occurs(nutrients)
-Folds up like an accordion
-Lactase
3 Parts: duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Normal function of the Large Intestine(colon) - CORRECT ANSWER -Maintaining fluid and
electrolyte balance.
-Resistant bacteria assist in breakdown of food
-Peristalsis
3 Parts: Ascending, transverse, descending
Normal function of the Gallbladder - CORRECT ANSWER -Stores and concentrates bile to
breakdown fat through bile duct into small intestine.
-Bile is made by bilirubin
Normal function of the Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER -Releases the most acidic enzymes.
Exocrine: posterior to stomach
Endocrine: Hormones
,3 enzymes: lipase, trypsin, amylase
Normal function of the Liver - CORRECT ANSWER --Makes protein
-Produces bile
-Stores sugar
-Removes dead RBC and free bilirubin
-Removes toxins from blood Ex: drugs and alcohol
-Called blood reservoir
-Synthesis cholesterol(to make hormones)
-Hepatocytes= "liver cells" which are the fastest regenerative cells.
Clinical manifestations of digestive disorders - CORRECT ANSWER -Anorexia
Vomiting
Hematemesis
Bleeding
Pain
Diarrhea
Constipation
Dysphagia
Nausea
GERD - CORRECT ANSWER -Reflux of acid and pepsin from stomach to esophagus.
GERD causes - CORRECT ANSWER --Sphincter malfunction
-Impaired esophageal motility
-Impaired gastric emptying
, *30-40 min after eating
-Caffeine, alcohol, smoking, spicy diet
-Hiatal hernia
GERD S/S - CORRECT ANSWER -Heartburn, acid regurgitation, dysphagia, chronic cough, asthma,
laryngitis, pain with 1 hour of eating.
GERD risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER -Vomiting, obesity, and pregnancy
Gastritis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammatory disorder of gastric mucosa
Gastritis causes - CORRECT ANSWER -Drugs(NSAIDS), chemicals, H pylori(bacteria), injury of
protective mucosa
Gastritis S/S - CORRECT ANSWER -Pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and bleeding
Gastritis risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER -Taking NSAIDS, age, and autoimmune disorders
Peptic ulcer disease - CORRECT ANSWER -Break in the protective mucosal lining of lower
esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.
Peptic ulcer disease causes - CORRECT ANSWER -Injury to protective mucosa, drugs(NSAIDS),
chemicals, H. pylori
Peptic ulcer disease S/S - CORRECT ANSWER -Pain, anorexia, vomiting, weight loss
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS 2025/2026
Normal function of the Stomach - CORRECT ANSWER -Reservoir for food and fluid. Breakdown
and digest food released chemical enzymes. Gastric contents become chyme. Releases food into
small intestine.
Chemicals involved: pepsin, acid, and gastrin.
Normal function of the Small Intestine - CORRECT ANSWER -Absorption of food
occurs(nutrients)
-Folds up like an accordion
-Lactase
3 Parts: duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Normal function of the Large Intestine(colon) - CORRECT ANSWER -Maintaining fluid and
electrolyte balance.
-Resistant bacteria assist in breakdown of food
-Peristalsis
3 Parts: Ascending, transverse, descending
Normal function of the Gallbladder - CORRECT ANSWER -Stores and concentrates bile to
breakdown fat through bile duct into small intestine.
-Bile is made by bilirubin
Normal function of the Pancreas - CORRECT ANSWER -Releases the most acidic enzymes.
Exocrine: posterior to stomach
Endocrine: Hormones
,3 enzymes: lipase, trypsin, amylase
Normal function of the Liver - CORRECT ANSWER --Makes protein
-Produces bile
-Stores sugar
-Removes dead RBC and free bilirubin
-Removes toxins from blood Ex: drugs and alcohol
-Called blood reservoir
-Synthesis cholesterol(to make hormones)
-Hepatocytes= "liver cells" which are the fastest regenerative cells.
Clinical manifestations of digestive disorders - CORRECT ANSWER -Anorexia
Vomiting
Hematemesis
Bleeding
Pain
Diarrhea
Constipation
Dysphagia
Nausea
GERD - CORRECT ANSWER -Reflux of acid and pepsin from stomach to esophagus.
GERD causes - CORRECT ANSWER --Sphincter malfunction
-Impaired esophageal motility
-Impaired gastric emptying
, *30-40 min after eating
-Caffeine, alcohol, smoking, spicy diet
-Hiatal hernia
GERD S/S - CORRECT ANSWER -Heartburn, acid regurgitation, dysphagia, chronic cough, asthma,
laryngitis, pain with 1 hour of eating.
GERD risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER -Vomiting, obesity, and pregnancy
Gastritis - CORRECT ANSWER -Inflammatory disorder of gastric mucosa
Gastritis causes - CORRECT ANSWER -Drugs(NSAIDS), chemicals, H pylori(bacteria), injury of
protective mucosa
Gastritis S/S - CORRECT ANSWER -Pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and bleeding
Gastritis risk factors - CORRECT ANSWER -Taking NSAIDS, age, and autoimmune disorders
Peptic ulcer disease - CORRECT ANSWER -Break in the protective mucosal lining of lower
esophagus, stomach, or duodenum.
Peptic ulcer disease causes - CORRECT ANSWER -Injury to protective mucosa, drugs(NSAIDS),
chemicals, H. pylori
Peptic ulcer disease S/S - CORRECT ANSWER -Pain, anorexia, vomiting, weight loss
