Infectious Diseases and Global Health
Overview questions and answers
Infectious Diseases - ✅✅Diseases caused by pathogens that can spread from one individual to
another.
Enteric Infection - ✅✅Infections affecting the gastrointestinal system.
Gastroenteritis - ✅✅Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often leading to vomiting and
diarrhea.
Diarrhea - ✅✅Frequent loose or liquid bowel movements.
Dehydration - ✅✅Loss of fluids and electrolytes due to diarrhea.
Rotavirus & Norovirus - ✅✅Common viral causes of gastroenteritis.
Cholera - ✅✅A bacterial infection caused by Vibrio cholerae, leading to severe diarrhea.
Food Intoxication - ✅✅Illness caused by consuming toxins produced by bacteria in food.
Carrier - ✅✅An individual who carries and can transmit a disease without showing symptoms.
Dysentery - ✅✅Inflammatory disease of the intestines leading to severe diarrhea with blood.
Giardiasis - ✅✅Parasitic infection caused by Giardia in the intestines.
Fecal-oral transmission - ✅✅Transmission through contaminated water or food.
, Fomite - ✅✅An object or material likely to carry infection.
Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) - ✅✅Treatment for dehydration from diarrhea using fluids and salts.
Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) - ✅✅Specific salts and sugars used in ORT.
Continued Feeding - ✅✅The importance of continuing to feed children during diarrhea to prevent
malnutrition.
Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) - ✅✅A range of infections affecting the respiratory system.
Chronic vs. Acute - ✅✅Chronic infections persist over time; acute infections develop quickly.
Upper Respiratory Infection - ✅✅Affects the nose, sinuses, or throat (e.g., cold).
Strep Throat - ✅✅Bacterial infection of the throat caused by Streptococcus.
Lower Respiratory Infection (LRI) - ✅✅Affects the lungs and airways (e.g., pneumonia).
Pneumonia - ✅✅Infection of the lungs leading to inflammation.
Hypoxia - ✅✅Low oxygen levels in the blood.
Pneumococcus - ✅✅Bacteria causing pneumonia, meningitis, and other infections.
Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B) - ✅✅Bacteria causing respiratory and meningitis infections.
Overview questions and answers
Infectious Diseases - ✅✅Diseases caused by pathogens that can spread from one individual to
another.
Enteric Infection - ✅✅Infections affecting the gastrointestinal system.
Gastroenteritis - ✅✅Inflammation of the stomach and intestines, often leading to vomiting and
diarrhea.
Diarrhea - ✅✅Frequent loose or liquid bowel movements.
Dehydration - ✅✅Loss of fluids and electrolytes due to diarrhea.
Rotavirus & Norovirus - ✅✅Common viral causes of gastroenteritis.
Cholera - ✅✅A bacterial infection caused by Vibrio cholerae, leading to severe diarrhea.
Food Intoxication - ✅✅Illness caused by consuming toxins produced by bacteria in food.
Carrier - ✅✅An individual who carries and can transmit a disease without showing symptoms.
Dysentery - ✅✅Inflammatory disease of the intestines leading to severe diarrhea with blood.
Giardiasis - ✅✅Parasitic infection caused by Giardia in the intestines.
Fecal-oral transmission - ✅✅Transmission through contaminated water or food.
, Fomite - ✅✅An object or material likely to carry infection.
Oral Rehydration Therapy (ORT) - ✅✅Treatment for dehydration from diarrhea using fluids and salts.
Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) - ✅✅Specific salts and sugars used in ORT.
Continued Feeding - ✅✅The importance of continuing to feed children during diarrhea to prevent
malnutrition.
Acute Respiratory Infection (ARI) - ✅✅A range of infections affecting the respiratory system.
Chronic vs. Acute - ✅✅Chronic infections persist over time; acute infections develop quickly.
Upper Respiratory Infection - ✅✅Affects the nose, sinuses, or throat (e.g., cold).
Strep Throat - ✅✅Bacterial infection of the throat caused by Streptococcus.
Lower Respiratory Infection (LRI) - ✅✅Affects the lungs and airways (e.g., pneumonia).
Pneumonia - ✅✅Infection of the lungs leading to inflammation.
Hypoxia - ✅✅Low oxygen levels in the blood.
Pneumococcus - ✅✅Bacteria causing pneumonia, meningitis, and other infections.
Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type B) - ✅✅Bacteria causing respiratory and meningitis infections.
