1|Page
BIO 322 PATHO FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/ 2026
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES ||VERIFIED EXAM!|
|ALREADY GRADED A+||LATEST UPDATE!!
Which of the following is an example of homologous
characters?
A. Snails and turtles both have strong, hard shells for
protection.
B. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs with five
digits
C. Parrotfish and parrots (the birds) both have beaklike
mouths.
D. The aquatic larval stage was lost in a lineage of
salamanders but was later regained. - ANSWER-B
Gene genealogies can vary for different loci. What does
this imply for species trees?
A. Adaptive radiations do not occur.
B. Species trees require apomorphies in order to be
successfully resolved.
,2|Page
C. All genes in the genome are subject to similar selective
pressures
D. Species trees should be constructed using multiple loci
(both nuclear and mtDNA) - ANSWER-D
An important principle in evolution states that a species
does not evolve as a whole, but that many of its features
evolve quasi-independently. This principle is best
supported by the observation of..
A. Convergence
B. Evolutionary reversal
C. Mosaic evolution
D. Phenotypic integration - ANSWER-C
Convergent evolution is a form of...
A. Natural selection
B. Homozygosity
C. Homoplasy
D. Homeopathy - ANSWER-C
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Which statement about evolutionary radiation is false?
A. It is often thought to be adaptive.
B. Evolution shows a directional trend
C. Species arise in a relatively short time
D. It is likely the most common pattern of long-term
evolution - ANSWER-B
Which of these are paralogous genes?
A. Genes located on the same chromosome and that are
genetically linked, like freckles and hair color in humans.
B. The result of a gene duplication within a species; for
example, a copy of the original hemoglobin gene has
become adapted for slightly different functions within a
mammal species as hemoglobin alpha and beta
C. The result of a speciation event; each derived species
has evolved a different version of the gene, like the
difference between hemoglobin alpha in humans and
chimps.
D. Genes that have independently evolved the same
function in distantly related organisms, like the hearing
gene, Prestin, which allows echolocation in both dolphins
and bats. - ANSWER-B
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Which source of variation is most important to evolution?
A. Maternal effect
B. Genetic change
C. DNA methylation
D. Environmental variance - ANSWER-B
The snow goose has both a blue and white morph.
Inheritance in Mendelian: BB and Bb individuals are blue
and bb individuals are white.
If 23 geese in a population of 142 are white and 119 are
blue, how many if the blue geese would you expect to be
carriers of the ballele
A. 68
B. 71
C. 57
D. 85 - ANSWER-A
BIO 322 PATHO FINAL EXAM NEWEST 2025/ 2026
ACTUAL EXAM COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) WITH RATIONALES ||VERIFIED EXAM!|
|ALREADY GRADED A+||LATEST UPDATE!!
Which of the following is an example of homologous
characters?
A. Snails and turtles both have strong, hard shells for
protection.
B. Crocodiles and humans both have forelimbs with five
digits
C. Parrotfish and parrots (the birds) both have beaklike
mouths.
D. The aquatic larval stage was lost in a lineage of
salamanders but was later regained. - ANSWER-B
Gene genealogies can vary for different loci. What does
this imply for species trees?
A. Adaptive radiations do not occur.
B. Species trees require apomorphies in order to be
successfully resolved.
,2|Page
C. All genes in the genome are subject to similar selective
pressures
D. Species trees should be constructed using multiple loci
(both nuclear and mtDNA) - ANSWER-D
An important principle in evolution states that a species
does not evolve as a whole, but that many of its features
evolve quasi-independently. This principle is best
supported by the observation of..
A. Convergence
B. Evolutionary reversal
C. Mosaic evolution
D. Phenotypic integration - ANSWER-C
Convergent evolution is a form of...
A. Natural selection
B. Homozygosity
C. Homoplasy
D. Homeopathy - ANSWER-C
,3|Page
Which statement about evolutionary radiation is false?
A. It is often thought to be adaptive.
B. Evolution shows a directional trend
C. Species arise in a relatively short time
D. It is likely the most common pattern of long-term
evolution - ANSWER-B
Which of these are paralogous genes?
A. Genes located on the same chromosome and that are
genetically linked, like freckles and hair color in humans.
B. The result of a gene duplication within a species; for
example, a copy of the original hemoglobin gene has
become adapted for slightly different functions within a
mammal species as hemoglobin alpha and beta
C. The result of a speciation event; each derived species
has evolved a different version of the gene, like the
difference between hemoglobin alpha in humans and
chimps.
D. Genes that have independently evolved the same
function in distantly related organisms, like the hearing
gene, Prestin, which allows echolocation in both dolphins
and bats. - ANSWER-B
, 4|Page
Which source of variation is most important to evolution?
A. Maternal effect
B. Genetic change
C. DNA methylation
D. Environmental variance - ANSWER-B
The snow goose has both a blue and white morph.
Inheritance in Mendelian: BB and Bb individuals are blue
and bb individuals are white.
If 23 geese in a population of 142 are white and 119 are
blue, how many if the blue geese would you expect to be
carriers of the ballele
A. 68
B. 71
C. 57
D. 85 - ANSWER-A
