Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 4-month-old infant presents for a well-child visit. The nurse
practitioner administers the routine immunizations, reviews
feeding and sleep guidance with the parents, and screens for
maternal depression. Which part of this visit best exemplifies
primary prevention?
A. Administration of routine immunizations
B. Screening for maternal depression
C. Review of current feeding and sleep routines
D. Referring the family to early intervention services for delayed
milestones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it
occurs; immunizations directly prevent specific infectious
diseases and therefore are classic primary prevention.
Screening for maternal depression (B) is secondary prevention
because it aims to detect a condition early; review of
feeding/sleep (C) is health promotion/anticipatory guidance
(important but usually considered health promotion rather than
,primary prevention of a specific disease). Referral to early
intervention (D) is tertiary prevention or secondary/early
intervention for identified problems (managing or limiting
disability), not primary prevention.
Question 2:
A 2-year-old with recurrent asthma exacerbations has complex
medical needs and uses multiple specialty services. The family
reports difficulty coordinating appointments and obtaining
durable medical equipment. Which role should the pediatric
primary care provider prioritize to improve outcomes for this
child with special healthcare needs?
A. Provide all specialty services within primary care to avoid
referrals
B. Serve as the medical home and coordinate care across
services
C. Focus primarily on acute visits and send families to a tertiary
center for coordination
D. Limit service provision to routine immunizations and growth
checks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For Children and Youth with Special Healthcare
Needs (CYSHCN), the primary care provider should function as a
medical home—coordinating care, ensuring access to
resources, and facilitating communication among specialists
and families. Providing all specialty services (A) is unrealistic
,and not required; relying solely on a tertiary center for
coordination (C) fragments care and reduces continuity; limiting
to routine services (D) neglects the coordination and advocacy
roles essential to a medical home. HRSA/AAP emphasize care
coordination and medical home functions for CYSHCN. Maternal
and Child Health Bureau
Question 3:
During a 15-minute well visit for a 9-month-old, the parent
reports frequent temper tantrums and concerns about
development. The provider notes the child demonstrates only
solitary play and limited babbling compared with expected
milestones. Which immediate action best reflects appropriate
pediatric primary care practice?
A. Reassure the parent that every child develops at their own
pace and schedule another routine visit in 6 months
B. Administer a standardized developmental screening and, if
positive, arrange early intervention referral
C. Order genetic testing immediately before any screening or
referral
D. Refer directly to psychiatry for behavioral management
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care requires developmental
surveillance plus standardized screening when concerns arise;
immediate screening is appropriate and—if screening is
positive—referral to early intervention and further evaluation
, should follow. Reassurance alone (A) risks delayed diagnosis.
Genetic testing (C) may be indicated later depending on
evaluation results but is not the first step. Psychiatry referral (D)
is premature without developmental screening and
multidisciplinary evaluation.
Question 4:
A pediatric clinic has begun a two-generation (2-Gen) program
offering parent mental-health screening and linkage to adult
primary care during infant well visits. Which principle underlies
this model’s expected benefit?
A. Addressing only the child’s needs will automatically improve
family functioning
B. Intervening with the caregiver and child simultaneously can
improve long-term outcomes for both
C. Parental health has no measurable impact on child
development
D. Pediatric providers should avoid discussing parental issues
during child visits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Two-generation approaches intentionally address
needs of both children and their caregivers simultaneously,
recognizing that parental health and household context directly
influence child well-being; this can improve outcomes for both
generations. Options A and C are incorrect because caregiver
health significantly affects child development. Option D
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 4-month-old infant presents for a well-child visit. The nurse
practitioner administers the routine immunizations, reviews
feeding and sleep guidance with the parents, and screens for
maternal depression. Which part of this visit best exemplifies
primary prevention?
A. Administration of routine immunizations
B. Screening for maternal depression
C. Review of current feeding and sleep routines
D. Referring the family to early intervention services for delayed
milestones
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it
occurs; immunizations directly prevent specific infectious
diseases and therefore are classic primary prevention.
Screening for maternal depression (B) is secondary prevention
because it aims to detect a condition early; review of
feeding/sleep (C) is health promotion/anticipatory guidance
(important but usually considered health promotion rather than
,primary prevention of a specific disease). Referral to early
intervention (D) is tertiary prevention or secondary/early
intervention for identified problems (managing or limiting
disability), not primary prevention.
Question 2:
A 2-year-old with recurrent asthma exacerbations has complex
medical needs and uses multiple specialty services. The family
reports difficulty coordinating appointments and obtaining
durable medical equipment. Which role should the pediatric
primary care provider prioritize to improve outcomes for this
child with special healthcare needs?
A. Provide all specialty services within primary care to avoid
referrals
B. Serve as the medical home and coordinate care across
services
C. Focus primarily on acute visits and send families to a tertiary
center for coordination
D. Limit service provision to routine immunizations and growth
checks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: For Children and Youth with Special Healthcare
Needs (CYSHCN), the primary care provider should function as a
medical home—coordinating care, ensuring access to
resources, and facilitating communication among specialists
and families. Providing all specialty services (A) is unrealistic
,and not required; relying solely on a tertiary center for
coordination (C) fragments care and reduces continuity; limiting
to routine services (D) neglects the coordination and advocacy
roles essential to a medical home. HRSA/AAP emphasize care
coordination and medical home functions for CYSHCN. Maternal
and Child Health Bureau
Question 3:
During a 15-minute well visit for a 9-month-old, the parent
reports frequent temper tantrums and concerns about
development. The provider notes the child demonstrates only
solitary play and limited babbling compared with expected
milestones. Which immediate action best reflects appropriate
pediatric primary care practice?
A. Reassure the parent that every child develops at their own
pace and schedule another routine visit in 6 months
B. Administer a standardized developmental screening and, if
positive, arrange early intervention referral
C. Order genetic testing immediately before any screening or
referral
D. Refer directly to psychiatry for behavioral management
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care requires developmental
surveillance plus standardized screening when concerns arise;
immediate screening is appropriate and—if screening is
positive—referral to early intervention and further evaluation
, should follow. Reassurance alone (A) risks delayed diagnosis.
Genetic testing (C) may be indicated later depending on
evaluation results but is not the first step. Psychiatry referral (D)
is premature without developmental screening and
multidisciplinary evaluation.
Question 4:
A pediatric clinic has begun a two-generation (2-Gen) program
offering parent mental-health screening and linkage to adult
primary care during infant well visits. Which principle underlies
this model’s expected benefit?
A. Addressing only the child’s needs will automatically improve
family functioning
B. Intervening with the caregiver and child simultaneously can
improve long-term outcomes for both
C. Parental health has no measurable impact on child
development
D. Pediatric providers should avoid discussing parental issues
during child visits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Two-generation approaches intentionally address
needs of both children and their caregivers simultaneously,
recognizing that parental health and household context directly
influence child well-being; this can improve outcomes for both
generations. Options A and C are incorrect because caregiver
health significantly affects child development. Option D
