NR 283 Practice Questions and answers
2025\2026 update
Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - answer A. Hypoxia
Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a
result of ischemia in the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - answer D. Gangrenous
Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel
walls. - answer C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
,Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - answer B. Dominant
Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water
into cells, thus making the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic - answer B. Hypertonic
Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - answer A. Potassium
Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
, C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - answer D. Young
adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - answer A. Excessive
intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
Hyperkalemia is present when the level of potassium in the blood is higher than
______mEq/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
C. 5.1
D. 6.1 - answer C. 5.1
1.The nurse practitioner anticipates which of the following clients would be most
at risk to develop hyperkalemia? The client:
A. Just diagnosed with cirrhosis.
B. Who has had diarrhea for the last four days.
C. With chronic renal failure.
2025\2026 update
Which of the following is the most common cause of cellular injury?
A. Hypoxia
B. Chemical injury from drugs
C. Free radical-induced injury
D. Chemical injury from pollutants - answer A. Hypoxia
Which type of necrosis best describes death of a cell from hypoxia, generally as a
result of ischemia in the lower extremities?
A. Fat
B. Coagulative
C. Liquefactive
D. Gangrenous - answer D. Gangrenous
Which statement is TRUE with regard to cellular change due to aging?
A. The cellular changes are reversible.
B. DNA becomes less susceptible to injurious stimuli.
C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
D. Lipid, calcium, and plasma proteins are less likely to be deposited in vessel
walls. - answer C. The cellular changes proceed slowly and in small increments.
,Which term best describes an allele with an observable effect?
A. Carrier
B. Dominant
C. Recessive
D. Homozygous - answer B. Dominant
Infusion of ______________ intravenous solutions promotes movement of water
into cells, thus making the cells swell.
A. Isotonic
B. Hypertonic
C. Hypotonic - answer B. Hypertonic
Which electrolyte is the main intracellular electrolyte?
A. Potassium
B. Sodium
C. Calcium
D. Magnesium - answer A. Potassium
Which patient is at the highest risk for developing hyponatremia?
A. Older adult male with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B. Older adult female with congestive heart failure
, C. Young adult female with systemic lupus erythemoatosus
D. Young adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea - answer D. Young
adult male with fever, severe vomiting and diarrhea
The most common cause of hyperkalemia is ___________ and ____________.
A. Excessive intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
B. Decreased intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
C. Excessive intake of K, body is excreting too much of it.
D. Decreased intake of K, body is excreting too much of it. - answer A. Excessive
intake of K, body's inability to excrete it
Hyperkalemia is present when the level of potassium in the blood is higher than
______mEq/L.
A. 3.1
B. 4.1
C. 5.1
D. 6.1 - answer C. 5.1
1.The nurse practitioner anticipates which of the following clients would be most
at risk to develop hyperkalemia? The client:
A. Just diagnosed with cirrhosis.
B. Who has had diarrhea for the last four days.
C. With chronic renal failure.
