Dynamics of Healthcare Rutgers Review
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1. Pathogens: Fungus
Parasites
Rickettsia
Bacteria
Virus
2. Bacteria: Most significant and most commonly observed infection-causing agent in health care institutions.
3. Virus: Smallest of all microorganisms, visible only with an electronic microscope.
4. Vector: Animal or insect that carries disease
5. Chain of Infection: 1. Reservoir
2. Exit from reservoir
3. Vehicle of transmission
4. Portal of entry
5. Susceptible host
6. Reservoir: Any place where organisms can grow, person who carries the pathogen.
7. Portal of entry: Any way the organism enters the body
8. Susceptible host: Anything that has compromised immune system
9. Vehicle of transmission:: Touching with dirty hands, the way by which the pathogen leaves the reservoir
and spreads through the environment.
10. Exit from reservoir: Ex. blood, coughing, talking
11. 2 modes of transmission: Direct transmission: physical contact
Indirect transmission: food, infected bugs.
12. 3 types of infected people: Carriers of disease but not ill from it
Stricken by disease
Those incubating the disease but have no symptoms
13. Sources of disease: ÏHumans, animals, insects
Common Infectious Disease in Health Care Settings:
ÏChicken pox
Ïpneumonia
Ïcommon cold
Ïtuberculosis
ÏHIV
ÏAIDS
, Dynamics of Healthcare Rutgers Review
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14. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Ïsends regulators to watch if
workers are following the plan
Ïresponsible for ensuring the safety of workers through the enforcement of safety and health legislation
15. Center for Disease Control (CDC): Ïreduce the transmission of microorganisms in health care
settings
Ïinvestigate a wide spread of disease
Ïdedicated to the prevention and control of disease, injury, and disability
16. Hill Burton Act: Can't turn any patient away
17. Antisepsis: Washing hands. Prevents or inhibits the growth of bacteria
18. Sterilization: Highest level of infection control. Kills everythings such as spores, virus, bacteria
19. 4 Ways to sterilize: Steam, gas under pressures, or dry heat oven, emerge in chemical solution
20. Asepsis: Completely without germs
21. Antiseptics: Substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms but don't kill them.
22. Anaerobic: Bacteria that can live without oxygen
23. Aerobic: Bacteria that require to oxygen
live and grow.
24. Bactericidal: Infection control methods that kill bacteria
25. Airborne illness: Spreads from person to person when an infected person coughs, releasing droplets in
the air.
Common cold, measles, tuberculosis
26. Special detection badges are used to signal exposure in: Radiation
27. Blood-borne disease: Are spread from person to person when an infected person's blood or certain
other body fluids come in contact with the mucous membranes or bloodstream of an uninfected person.
28. The person infected with a pathogen is also known as?: The carrier
29. What are some factors that increase the risk of injury in the workplace?: Dust,
chemicals, noise, heights, dangerous machines, and heavy lifting.
30. How can fatigue affect a person's safety?: Leads to poor perception of danger, faulty judgment,
and inadequate problem solving.
31. What are some preventive measures that health care workers can take to
reduce the risk of spreading infection?: Sanitizing
Disinfection
Sterilization
, Dynamics of Healthcare Rutgers Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1xkqq
32. Compromised Immune System: ÏStress
ÏNot eating breakfast/poor eating habits
ÏLack of sleep
ÏPregnant
ÏChild
ÏOlder Adult
33. Why are vital signs used?: Used to evaluate health problems and provides information about patient's
overall condition
34. How often are vital signs taken?: Every visit to healthcare facility and compared to baseline
35. Febrile: Body temperature above patient's normal range
36. Hyperpyrexia: Extremely high temperature
37. Afebrile: Normal body temperature
38. Bradycardia: <60 bpm
39. Tachycardia: >100 bpm
40. Arrhythmia: Abnormal heart rhythm
41. Pulse: Number of times the heart beats in 1 minute
42. Respirations: Number of times a patient breaths in 1 minute
43. Hyperventilation: Excessive rate and depth
44. Dyspnea: Difficult or painful breathing
45. Tachypnea: Rapid breathing (above 24/min)
46. Bradypnea: Slow breathing (less than 10/min)
47. Hyperpnea: Abnormally rapid or deep breathing
48. Rales: Constriction or blockage of bronchial passages
49. Cheyne-Stokes: Stokes respirations: periods of increasing and decreasing depth of respiration between
periods of apnea
50. Apnea: Absence of breathing
51. Orthopnea: Difficulty breathing unless sitting or standing
52. Blood Pressure: The force at which blood is pumped against the walls of the arteries (mmHg)
53. Systolic Pressure: Measure of pressure when left ventricle contracts: Top or first number
54. Diastolic Pressure: Measure of pressure when heart relaxes: Minimum pressure exerted against the artery
walls at all times. Bottom or second number
55. Hypertension: High blood pressure
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1xkqq
1. Pathogens: Fungus
Parasites
Rickettsia
Bacteria
Virus
2. Bacteria: Most significant and most commonly observed infection-causing agent in health care institutions.
3. Virus: Smallest of all microorganisms, visible only with an electronic microscope.
4. Vector: Animal or insect that carries disease
5. Chain of Infection: 1. Reservoir
2. Exit from reservoir
3. Vehicle of transmission
4. Portal of entry
5. Susceptible host
6. Reservoir: Any place where organisms can grow, person who carries the pathogen.
7. Portal of entry: Any way the organism enters the body
8. Susceptible host: Anything that has compromised immune system
9. Vehicle of transmission:: Touching with dirty hands, the way by which the pathogen leaves the reservoir
and spreads through the environment.
10. Exit from reservoir: Ex. blood, coughing, talking
11. 2 modes of transmission: Direct transmission: physical contact
Indirect transmission: food, infected bugs.
12. 3 types of infected people: Carriers of disease but not ill from it
Stricken by disease
Those incubating the disease but have no symptoms
13. Sources of disease: ÏHumans, animals, insects
Common Infectious Disease in Health Care Settings:
ÏChicken pox
Ïpneumonia
Ïcommon cold
Ïtuberculosis
ÏHIV
ÏAIDS
, Dynamics of Healthcare Rutgers Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1xkqq
14. Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA): Ïsends regulators to watch if
workers are following the plan
Ïresponsible for ensuring the safety of workers through the enforcement of safety and health legislation
15. Center for Disease Control (CDC): Ïreduce the transmission of microorganisms in health care
settings
Ïinvestigate a wide spread of disease
Ïdedicated to the prevention and control of disease, injury, and disability
16. Hill Burton Act: Can't turn any patient away
17. Antisepsis: Washing hands. Prevents or inhibits the growth of bacteria
18. Sterilization: Highest level of infection control. Kills everythings such as spores, virus, bacteria
19. 4 Ways to sterilize: Steam, gas under pressures, or dry heat oven, emerge in chemical solution
20. Asepsis: Completely without germs
21. Antiseptics: Substances that inhibit the growth of microorganisms but don't kill them.
22. Anaerobic: Bacteria that can live without oxygen
23. Aerobic: Bacteria that require to oxygen
live and grow.
24. Bactericidal: Infection control methods that kill bacteria
25. Airborne illness: Spreads from person to person when an infected person coughs, releasing droplets in
the air.
Common cold, measles, tuberculosis
26. Special detection badges are used to signal exposure in: Radiation
27. Blood-borne disease: Are spread from person to person when an infected person's blood or certain
other body fluids come in contact with the mucous membranes or bloodstream of an uninfected person.
28. The person infected with a pathogen is also known as?: The carrier
29. What are some factors that increase the risk of injury in the workplace?: Dust,
chemicals, noise, heights, dangerous machines, and heavy lifting.
30. How can fatigue affect a person's safety?: Leads to poor perception of danger, faulty judgment,
and inadequate problem solving.
31. What are some preventive measures that health care workers can take to
reduce the risk of spreading infection?: Sanitizing
Disinfection
Sterilization
, Dynamics of Healthcare Rutgers Review
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_i1xkqq
32. Compromised Immune System: ÏStress
ÏNot eating breakfast/poor eating habits
ÏLack of sleep
ÏPregnant
ÏChild
ÏOlder Adult
33. Why are vital signs used?: Used to evaluate health problems and provides information about patient's
overall condition
34. How often are vital signs taken?: Every visit to healthcare facility and compared to baseline
35. Febrile: Body temperature above patient's normal range
36. Hyperpyrexia: Extremely high temperature
37. Afebrile: Normal body temperature
38. Bradycardia: <60 bpm
39. Tachycardia: >100 bpm
40. Arrhythmia: Abnormal heart rhythm
41. Pulse: Number of times the heart beats in 1 minute
42. Respirations: Number of times a patient breaths in 1 minute
43. Hyperventilation: Excessive rate and depth
44. Dyspnea: Difficult or painful breathing
45. Tachypnea: Rapid breathing (above 24/min)
46. Bradypnea: Slow breathing (less than 10/min)
47. Hyperpnea: Abnormally rapid or deep breathing
48. Rales: Constriction or blockage of bronchial passages
49. Cheyne-Stokes: Stokes respirations: periods of increasing and decreasing depth of respiration between
periods of apnea
50. Apnea: Absence of breathing
51. Orthopnea: Difficulty breathing unless sitting or standing
52. Blood Pressure: The force at which blood is pumped against the walls of the arteries (mmHg)
53. Systolic Pressure: Measure of pressure when left ventricle contracts: Top or first number
54. Diastolic Pressure: Measure of pressure when heart relaxes: Minimum pressure exerted against the artery
walls at all times. Bottom or second number
55. Hypertension: High blood pressure
