Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Exam 2
(Chapter 13, 14, 17) 2025- 2026 Questions And
Answers correctly Arranged And Graded A+
What is Shock? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-inadequate cellular
perfusion
What is perfusion? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-Circulation of blood to
the tissues in adequate amounts to meet the cells needs, it
includes;
- Delivery of oxygen and removal of toxic waste products
What are the two circuits in the body? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-- The
systemic circulation between the heart and the body
-The pulmonary circulation between the heart and the lungs
,What does the systemic circulation do? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-
Carries oxygen rich blood from the left ventricle through the
body and back to the right atrium, as blood passes through the
tissues and organs it delivers oxygen and nutrients
What is included in the perfusion triangle? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔--
Heart (Pump Function)
- Blood vessels (Container Function)
- Blood (Content Function)
What is pulse pressure? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-The difference
between the systolic and diastolic pressures (Systolic - Diastolic
= Pulse Pressure)
Explain the Heart (Pump Function) in the perfusion triangle -
✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-Damage to the heart by disease or injury
decreases the ability of the heart to properly function as a
pump. Therefore it cannot move enough blood through the
body to support perfusion
Explain the Blood Vessels (Container Function) in the perfusion
triangle - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-If all of the blood vessels dilate
,rapidly, the normal amount of blood volume is not enough to
fill the system and provide adequate perfusion to the body
Explain the Blood (Content Function) in the perfusion triangle -
✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-If there is enough blood or plasma loss, the
volume of fluid in the container is not enough to support the
perfusion needs of the body
What are the 3 basic causes of shock and impaired tissue
perfusion, explain what causes each - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-- Pump
Failure; Heart attack, trauma to the heart, obstructive causes
(Large pulmonary embolus)
- Low Fluid Volume; Trauma to vessels or tissues, fluid loss from
GI Tract (Vomiting/Diarrhea can also lower the fluid component
of blood)
- Poor Vessel Function; Infection, Drug Overdose (narcotic),
spinal cord injury, anaphylaxis
What is Cardiogenic Shock? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-caused by
inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure
, What is Cardiac tamponade? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-Also called
pericardial tamponade, if an effusion becomes large enough, it
can prevent the ventricles from filling with blood
What is a Pericardial effusion? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-a collection
of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium
What is a tension pneumothorax? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-An
accumulation of air in the pleural space, which eventually
compresses the heart and great vessels
What is psychogenic shock? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-A sudden
reaction of the nervous system that produces a temporary,
generalized vasodilation, resulting in fainting or syncope
What are the signs and symptoms of Compensated Shock? -
✔✔ANSWER ✔✔--Agitation
- Anxiety
- Restlessness
- Feeling of impending doom
- Weak, rapid(thready) pulse
- Clammy (pale, cool, moist) skin
(Chapter 13, 14, 17) 2025- 2026 Questions And
Answers correctly Arranged And Graded A+
What is Shock? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-inadequate cellular
perfusion
What is perfusion? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-Circulation of blood to
the tissues in adequate amounts to meet the cells needs, it
includes;
- Delivery of oxygen and removal of toxic waste products
What are the two circuits in the body? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-- The
systemic circulation between the heart and the body
-The pulmonary circulation between the heart and the lungs
,What does the systemic circulation do? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-
Carries oxygen rich blood from the left ventricle through the
body and back to the right atrium, as blood passes through the
tissues and organs it delivers oxygen and nutrients
What is included in the perfusion triangle? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔--
Heart (Pump Function)
- Blood vessels (Container Function)
- Blood (Content Function)
What is pulse pressure? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-The difference
between the systolic and diastolic pressures (Systolic - Diastolic
= Pulse Pressure)
Explain the Heart (Pump Function) in the perfusion triangle -
✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-Damage to the heart by disease or injury
decreases the ability of the heart to properly function as a
pump. Therefore it cannot move enough blood through the
body to support perfusion
Explain the Blood Vessels (Container Function) in the perfusion
triangle - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-If all of the blood vessels dilate
,rapidly, the normal amount of blood volume is not enough to
fill the system and provide adequate perfusion to the body
Explain the Blood (Content Function) in the perfusion triangle -
✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-If there is enough blood or plasma loss, the
volume of fluid in the container is not enough to support the
perfusion needs of the body
What are the 3 basic causes of shock and impaired tissue
perfusion, explain what causes each - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-- Pump
Failure; Heart attack, trauma to the heart, obstructive causes
(Large pulmonary embolus)
- Low Fluid Volume; Trauma to vessels or tissues, fluid loss from
GI Tract (Vomiting/Diarrhea can also lower the fluid component
of blood)
- Poor Vessel Function; Infection, Drug Overdose (narcotic),
spinal cord injury, anaphylaxis
What is Cardiogenic Shock? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-caused by
inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure
, What is Cardiac tamponade? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-Also called
pericardial tamponade, if an effusion becomes large enough, it
can prevent the ventricles from filling with blood
What is a Pericardial effusion? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-a collection
of fluid between the pericardial sac and the myocardium
What is a tension pneumothorax? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-An
accumulation of air in the pleural space, which eventually
compresses the heart and great vessels
What is psychogenic shock? - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-A sudden
reaction of the nervous system that produces a temporary,
generalized vasodilation, resulting in fainting or syncope
What are the signs and symptoms of Compensated Shock? -
✔✔ANSWER ✔✔--Agitation
- Anxiety
- Restlessness
- Feeling of impending doom
- Weak, rapid(thready) pulse
- Clammy (pale, cool, moist) skin
