Table of content
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology
Chapter 2 Molecular Interactions
Chapter 3 Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues
Chapter 4 Energy and Cellular Metabolism
Chapter 5 Membrane Dynamics
Chapter 6 Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis
Chapter 7 Introduction to the Endocrine System
Chapter 8 Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties
Chapter 9 The Central Nervous System
Chapter 10 Sensory Physiology
Chapter 11 Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control
Chapter 12 Muscles
Chapter 13 Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement
Chapter 14 Cardiovascular Physiology
Chapter 15 Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure
Chapter 16 Blood
Chapter 17 Mechanics of Breathing
Chapter 18 Gas Exchange and Transport
Chapter 19 The Kidneys
Chapter 20 Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Chapter 21 The Digestive System
Chapter 22 Metabolism and Energy Balance
Chapter 23 Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism
Chapter 24 The Immune System
Chapter 25 Integrative Physiology III: Exercise
Chapter 26 Reproduction and Development
,Exam
Name
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) The first multicellular animals to develop neurons were 1)
A) mollusks and sea stars.
B) jellyfish and sea anemones.
C) fish and sea monkeys.
D) flatworms and sea urchins.
E) segmented worms and sea horses.
2) The first multicellular animals to develop neurons had structures known as nerve 2)
A) webs. B) mazes. C) nets. D) tracts. E) cords.
3) Simple reflexes in a worm are integrated within a segment rather than in the brain, because worms 3)
A) do not have brains.
B) have a neural network within each segment.
C) have a ganglion at each segment.
D) do not have a nervous system.
4) The brain region can be identified by its folds and grooves is the 4)
A) cerebellum only.
B) cerebrum only.
C) medulla oblongata only.
D) cerebrum and medulla oblongata.
E) cerebellum and cerebrum.
5) Which of these have the most advanced nervous system? 5)
A) sea anemones B) jellyfish
C) segmented worms D) flatworms
6) The earliest embryonic region from which the entire nervous system eventually develops is the 6)
A) ependyma.
B) neural tube.
C) neural crest.
D) neural plate.
E) ventricle.
7) The peripheral nervous system develops from the 7)
A) neural tube. B) neural crest. C) neural plate.
8) The pons develops from the 8)
A) hindbrain. B) forebrain. C) midbrain.
1
, 9) Which of these does NOT contribute significantly to the protection of the brain? 9)
A) subarachnoid space
B) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
C) cerebral space
D) cranium
E) dura mater
10) Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by the 10)
A) arachnoid villi.
B) choroid plexus.
C) ventricles.
D) pia mater.
E) frontal sinuses.
11) The brain has a (high or low?) demand for oxygen, and receives about % of the 11)
total blood volume in circulation.
A) low, 15 B) high, 35 C) low, 35 D) high, 15 E) high, 50
12) The brain consumes about half of the circulating in the body. 12)
A) potassium B) sodium C) glucose D) oxygen E) fatty acids
13) Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in 13)
A) ventral root ganglia.
B) ventral horns.
C) dorsal root ganglia.
D) propriospinal tracts.
E) dorsal horns.
14) The mixed cranial nerve that projects to and from internal organs, muscles, and glands is the 14)
nerve.
A) trochlear
B) spinal accessory
C) vagus
D) trigeminal
E) glossopharyngeal
15) Which is NOT located in the medulla oblongata? 15)
A) the pyramids, where tracts cross to the opposite side of the body
B) centers for vomiting control
C) centers for eye movement control
D) centers for breathing control
E) centers for blood pressure control
16) Which of these functions is NOT related to the reticular formation? 16)
A) sleep
B) pain modulation
C) arousal
D) menstrual cycle
E) muscle tone
2
, 17) Which statement about the hypothalamus is FALSE? 17)
A) The hypothalamus contains various centers for behavioral drives such as hunger and thirst.
B) It receives input from multiple sources.
C) It receives sensory fibers from the optic tract, ears, and spinal cord.
D) Hypothalamic trophic factors control the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
18) The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is the 18)
A) H-shaped grey matter.
B) basal nuclei.
C) corpus callosum.
D) hippocampus.
E) suprachiasmatic nucleus.
19) The brain area(s) that has/have a cortex is/are the 19)
A) medulla oblongata only.
B) cerebellum only.
C) cerebrum only.
D) cerebrum and medulla oblongata.
E) cerebrum and cerebellum.
20) Which is a system that influences motor output, according to Larry Swanson? 20)
A) emergent
B) behavioral state
C) diffuse modulatory
D) emotional state
E) developmental state
21) The most primitive region of the cerebrum is probably the 21)
A) corpus callosum.
B) basal nuclei.
C) pons.
D) limbic system.
E) reticular system.
22) Which functions in the control of movement? 22)
A) basal nuclei only
B) amygdala only
C) hippocampus and amygdala
D) hippocampus only
E) All of the above function in the control of movement.
23) Reasoning arises in the outer layer of neurons of which of the following? 23)
A) hippocampus
B) cerebrum or cerebral cortex
C) basal nuclei
D) amygdala and hippocampus
E) amygdala
3
Chapter 1 Introduction to Physiology
Chapter 2 Molecular Interactions
Chapter 3 Compartmentation: Cells and Tissues
Chapter 4 Energy and Cellular Metabolism
Chapter 5 Membrane Dynamics
Chapter 6 Communication, Integration, and Homeostasis
Chapter 7 Introduction to the Endocrine System
Chapter 8 Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties
Chapter 9 The Central Nervous System
Chapter 10 Sensory Physiology
Chapter 11 Efferent Division: Autonomic and Somatic Motor Control
Chapter 12 Muscles
Chapter 13 Integrative Physiology I: Control of Body Movement
Chapter 14 Cardiovascular Physiology
Chapter 15 Blood Flow and the Control of Blood Pressure
Chapter 16 Blood
Chapter 17 Mechanics of Breathing
Chapter 18 Gas Exchange and Transport
Chapter 19 The Kidneys
Chapter 20 Integrative Physiology II: Fluid and Electrolyte Balance
Chapter 21 The Digestive System
Chapter 22 Metabolism and Energy Balance
Chapter 23 Endocrine Control of Growth and Metabolism
Chapter 24 The Immune System
Chapter 25 Integrative Physiology III: Exercise
Chapter 26 Reproduction and Development
,Exam
Name
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
1) The first multicellular animals to develop neurons were 1)
A) mollusks and sea stars.
B) jellyfish and sea anemones.
C) fish and sea monkeys.
D) flatworms and sea urchins.
E) segmented worms and sea horses.
2) The first multicellular animals to develop neurons had structures known as nerve 2)
A) webs. B) mazes. C) nets. D) tracts. E) cords.
3) Simple reflexes in a worm are integrated within a segment rather than in the brain, because worms 3)
A) do not have brains.
B) have a neural network within each segment.
C) have a ganglion at each segment.
D) do not have a nervous system.
4) The brain region can be identified by its folds and grooves is the 4)
A) cerebellum only.
B) cerebrum only.
C) medulla oblongata only.
D) cerebrum and medulla oblongata.
E) cerebellum and cerebrum.
5) Which of these have the most advanced nervous system? 5)
A) sea anemones B) jellyfish
C) segmented worms D) flatworms
6) The earliest embryonic region from which the entire nervous system eventually develops is the 6)
A) ependyma.
B) neural tube.
C) neural crest.
D) neural plate.
E) ventricle.
7) The peripheral nervous system develops from the 7)
A) neural tube. B) neural crest. C) neural plate.
8) The pons develops from the 8)
A) hindbrain. B) forebrain. C) midbrain.
1
, 9) Which of these does NOT contribute significantly to the protection of the brain? 9)
A) subarachnoid space
B) cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
C) cerebral space
D) cranium
E) dura mater
10) Cerebrospinal fluid is secreted by the 10)
A) arachnoid villi.
B) choroid plexus.
C) ventricles.
D) pia mater.
E) frontal sinuses.
11) The brain has a (high or low?) demand for oxygen, and receives about % of the 11)
total blood volume in circulation.
A) low, 15 B) high, 35 C) low, 35 D) high, 15 E) high, 50
12) The brain consumes about half of the circulating in the body. 12)
A) potassium B) sodium C) glucose D) oxygen E) fatty acids
13) Cell bodies of sensory neurons are located in 13)
A) ventral root ganglia.
B) ventral horns.
C) dorsal root ganglia.
D) propriospinal tracts.
E) dorsal horns.
14) The mixed cranial nerve that projects to and from internal organs, muscles, and glands is the 14)
nerve.
A) trochlear
B) spinal accessory
C) vagus
D) trigeminal
E) glossopharyngeal
15) Which is NOT located in the medulla oblongata? 15)
A) the pyramids, where tracts cross to the opposite side of the body
B) centers for vomiting control
C) centers for eye movement control
D) centers for breathing control
E) centers for blood pressure control
16) Which of these functions is NOT related to the reticular formation? 16)
A) sleep
B) pain modulation
C) arousal
D) menstrual cycle
E) muscle tone
2
, 17) Which statement about the hypothalamus is FALSE? 17)
A) The hypothalamus contains various centers for behavioral drives such as hunger and thirst.
B) It receives input from multiple sources.
C) It receives sensory fibers from the optic tract, ears, and spinal cord.
D) Hypothalamic trophic factors control the release of anterior pituitary hormones.
18) The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres is the 18)
A) H-shaped grey matter.
B) basal nuclei.
C) corpus callosum.
D) hippocampus.
E) suprachiasmatic nucleus.
19) The brain area(s) that has/have a cortex is/are the 19)
A) medulla oblongata only.
B) cerebellum only.
C) cerebrum only.
D) cerebrum and medulla oblongata.
E) cerebrum and cerebellum.
20) Which is a system that influences motor output, according to Larry Swanson? 20)
A) emergent
B) behavioral state
C) diffuse modulatory
D) emotional state
E) developmental state
21) The most primitive region of the cerebrum is probably the 21)
A) corpus callosum.
B) basal nuclei.
C) pons.
D) limbic system.
E) reticular system.
22) Which functions in the control of movement? 22)
A) basal nuclei only
B) amygdala only
C) hippocampus and amygdala
D) hippocampus only
E) All of the above function in the control of movement.
23) Reasoning arises in the outer layer of neurons of which of the following? 23)
A) hippocampus
B) cerebrum or cerebral cortex
C) basal nuclei
D) amygdala and hippocampus
E) amygdala
3
