Essay plans
, "
THE LABOUR PARTY WON THE 1964 ELECTION BECAUSE OF THE RECOVERY AND REVIVAL ON IN EARLY
THE 1960S"
ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS VIEW
① Political instability
- causes further economic problems
the election with a bad economy if the public believe
-
Can still win ,
radically reshuffled
The
night of the long knives Macmillan his cabinet in July 1962 , sacking a third
current party can fix it
It intended to the
of .
it was rejuvenate government but it actually weakened it
.
leadership
↳ good Macmillan seemed clumsy and out of touch
-
Scandals : Spy Scandals + Profumo
Spy Scandals George Blake was convicted of being a Soviet double
agent in 1961 ; and in 1962 John Vassal
,
>
humiliation Civil discovered basis
a Servant , was to have been blackmailed ,
on the of homosexuality ,
to pass on information
instability
Onto the Soviet Union .
knives
-
Might of long Profumo Scandal John Profumo , the secretary of state for wa r in Harold Macmillan's conservative
leadership
> clumsy government , had an extramarital affair with the 19 year old model Christine Keeler who was also
having
makes labour look better relations with a Soviet spy ivanon) and possible leaks cold were questioned
Instability
of wa r secrets .
-
Home seen as old fashioned/out of touch
② Economic problems
party's
success/failure
-
Symbol of
the EEC in 62
-
Failure to join
> embarrassing
> leads to political instability
inferiority
<
foreign
Beeching Closure
-
report 1963 to railway networks ,
other public spending cuts.
> Loss of jobs + leaving rural areas isolated
-
Exports rose 10 % 1961-54, imports 20 % higher
loan in 01
-
Had to ask for an IMF
tories economic problem
exploited
.
Labour party
3 Labour party recovery
constrast to the Ethonian
in Wilson's own
image in
modernisation reflected
Wilson linked Labour to ,
style of Home
Tv 90 %. TV owners
and personal appeal -
performer
Wilson's campaigning
skills
without its most divisive personalities/ rivalries
and Bevan in 63/50 left party
Death of Gaitshell
was problematic
>
Previously the division/lack of unity
tories economic problem
exploited
.
Labour party
, Britain wasn't in the
"De Gaulle was the most important reason why
EEC by 1984"
① Economic :
· Trade with colonies
> CAP
↳ lack of Commitment
an alternative
· EFTA set up as
before 1957
· No immense economic weaknesses
· weak economy) change the politicians' minds
②
Political
World power status :
superiority
·
< ww2 legacy
· Few politician in favour of the leadership role in Europe on offer
· US special bond'
③
De Gaulle
·
Speech to the press
> runcommitted
> blames Britain
· veto application
· Personal reasons
> fear of losing power
· Immediate cause ,
not long term
in the EEC was due to
the main reason that Britain wasn't
I believe
Judgement :
their trade links with the Common wealth over the EEC . The economy
as they prioritised less need
the economy stability giving
Britain
time which affected the political ,
weak at the
wasn't particularly the term cause.
also
cause but the
economy
was
long
the immediate
EEC De Eaule was
to apply to the .
, "Changes in political ideas was the key motive for deccionisation .
"I
① Economic
after wws
Declining economy
-
10 avoid
being trapped in a
costly struggle with local nationalist movements
,
Britain backed out
haste
Of most of the
remaining colonies with unseemly
the colonies
> not financially capable of ruling/controlling
Svez Crisis) run on the pound
and leadership
= caused political humiliation/weak governing
Suez canal is an important trade route to
places like India and this is their
easiest , cheapest and fastest way .
are usually caused by economic instability
-
Changes in politics
② Political
Failure to join the EEC
world power from the empire to Commonwealth
presumed transition
L humiliation as a previously
that could manage
a gradual
believed they
Britain's rulers
1952
rush of independence Mau Mau
Sudden
,
Kenya and Cyprus Britain's
Malaya independence damaged
,
Revolts in
fight for
influenced more to
camp badly
> each revolt the Hold Prison
held at
of captives
brutal treatment
revelations about
1960 : Sets out policy
reputation . winds of change' Cape town in
wants decolonisation,
Macmillan strongly if the economy was less
different
Crisis destroys reputation have been
Suez may
decolonisation
views supporting
Political
unsustainable
③ Military
its colonies
military power provided leverage over ,
The UK's status as a
global
former colonies and beyond therefore any weaknesses
in
their military power and
colonies were taken over using
Call of Britain's to rebel
the colonies an opportunity
Britain's military gave
Nationalist movements
violent uprisings) 1952-o3
Mau mar rebellion ,
costly and no military strength revolts
to take down
weapons ability
Better economy
stronger military t used
fought resources
Indian troops ,
wwa 2 5 m
During ,
.
war
independence after Decolonisation 1947- 54
promised home
> India return
to be demobilised and 1947 -
Withdrawal from India
> British troops exper 1952- Start of the Mar Mau rebellion
1957 -
Independence of Ghana
1950 -
Macmillan wind of change' speech
1960 -
Independence of
Nigeria and Cyprus
1961 South Africa leaves the common wealth : Apartheid
-
1961 -
Tanzania
1963
Uganda+ Kenya
-
, "
THE LABOUR PARTY WON THE 1964 ELECTION BECAUSE OF THE RECOVERY AND REVIVAL ON IN EARLY
THE 1960S"
ASSESS THE VALIDITY OF THIS VIEW
① Political instability
- causes further economic problems
the election with a bad economy if the public believe
-
Can still win ,
radically reshuffled
The
night of the long knives Macmillan his cabinet in July 1962 , sacking a third
current party can fix it
It intended to the
of .
it was rejuvenate government but it actually weakened it
.
leadership
↳ good Macmillan seemed clumsy and out of touch
-
Scandals : Spy Scandals + Profumo
Spy Scandals George Blake was convicted of being a Soviet double
agent in 1961 ; and in 1962 John Vassal
,
>
humiliation Civil discovered basis
a Servant , was to have been blackmailed ,
on the of homosexuality ,
to pass on information
instability
Onto the Soviet Union .
knives
-
Might of long Profumo Scandal John Profumo , the secretary of state for wa r in Harold Macmillan's conservative
leadership
> clumsy government , had an extramarital affair with the 19 year old model Christine Keeler who was also
having
makes labour look better relations with a Soviet spy ivanon) and possible leaks cold were questioned
Instability
of wa r secrets .
-
Home seen as old fashioned/out of touch
② Economic problems
party's
success/failure
-
Symbol of
the EEC in 62
-
Failure to join
> embarrassing
> leads to political instability
inferiority
<
foreign
Beeching Closure
-
report 1963 to railway networks ,
other public spending cuts.
> Loss of jobs + leaving rural areas isolated
-
Exports rose 10 % 1961-54, imports 20 % higher
loan in 01
-
Had to ask for an IMF
tories economic problem
exploited
.
Labour party
3 Labour party recovery
constrast to the Ethonian
in Wilson's own
image in
modernisation reflected
Wilson linked Labour to ,
style of Home
Tv 90 %. TV owners
and personal appeal -
performer
Wilson's campaigning
skills
without its most divisive personalities/ rivalries
and Bevan in 63/50 left party
Death of Gaitshell
was problematic
>
Previously the division/lack of unity
tories economic problem
exploited
.
Labour party
, Britain wasn't in the
"De Gaulle was the most important reason why
EEC by 1984"
① Economic :
· Trade with colonies
> CAP
↳ lack of Commitment
an alternative
· EFTA set up as
before 1957
· No immense economic weaknesses
· weak economy) change the politicians' minds
②
Political
World power status :
superiority
·
< ww2 legacy
· Few politician in favour of the leadership role in Europe on offer
· US special bond'
③
De Gaulle
·
Speech to the press
> runcommitted
> blames Britain
· veto application
· Personal reasons
> fear of losing power
· Immediate cause ,
not long term
in the EEC was due to
the main reason that Britain wasn't
I believe
Judgement :
their trade links with the Common wealth over the EEC . The economy
as they prioritised less need
the economy stability giving
Britain
time which affected the political ,
weak at the
wasn't particularly the term cause.
also
cause but the
economy
was
long
the immediate
EEC De Eaule was
to apply to the .
, "Changes in political ideas was the key motive for deccionisation .
"I
① Economic
after wws
Declining economy
-
10 avoid
being trapped in a
costly struggle with local nationalist movements
,
Britain backed out
haste
Of most of the
remaining colonies with unseemly
the colonies
> not financially capable of ruling/controlling
Svez Crisis) run on the pound
and leadership
= caused political humiliation/weak governing
Suez canal is an important trade route to
places like India and this is their
easiest , cheapest and fastest way .
are usually caused by economic instability
-
Changes in politics
② Political
Failure to join the EEC
world power from the empire to Commonwealth
presumed transition
L humiliation as a previously
that could manage
a gradual
believed they
Britain's rulers
1952
rush of independence Mau Mau
Sudden
,
Kenya and Cyprus Britain's
Malaya independence damaged
,
Revolts in
fight for
influenced more to
camp badly
> each revolt the Hold Prison
held at
of captives
brutal treatment
revelations about
1960 : Sets out policy
reputation . winds of change' Cape town in
wants decolonisation,
Macmillan strongly if the economy was less
different
Crisis destroys reputation have been
Suez may
decolonisation
views supporting
Political
unsustainable
③ Military
its colonies
military power provided leverage over ,
The UK's status as a
global
former colonies and beyond therefore any weaknesses
in
their military power and
colonies were taken over using
Call of Britain's to rebel
the colonies an opportunity
Britain's military gave
Nationalist movements
violent uprisings) 1952-o3
Mau mar rebellion ,
costly and no military strength revolts
to take down
weapons ability
Better economy
stronger military t used
fought resources
Indian troops ,
wwa 2 5 m
During ,
.
war
independence after Decolonisation 1947- 54
promised home
> India return
to be demobilised and 1947 -
Withdrawal from India
> British troops exper 1952- Start of the Mar Mau rebellion
1957 -
Independence of Ghana
1950 -
Macmillan wind of change' speech
1960 -
Independence of
Nigeria and Cyprus
1961 South Africa leaves the common wealth : Apartheid
-
1961 -
Tanzania
1963
Uganda+ Kenya
-
