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Samenvatting: MS

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Samenvatting: MS

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Neurologie
Docent: Rishi Panday


MS (Multiple Sclerose)
Multiple sclerose
● Multiple sclerose is de meest voorkomende chronische neurologische aandoening bij
jonge volwassenen in Europa!
● 10.000 personen met MS in België
● 450 nieuwe diagnoses/jaar in België (incidentie)
● 2,5 milj personen met MS wereldwijd




Verdeling in België
● 10.000 patiënten met MS in België – incidentie 450/jaar




- 3500 → Ambulant
- 2300 → Hulpmiddel nodig
- 2500 → Rolstoel gebonden
- 1700 → In bed


Wat is MS?
“Multiple sclerose"
= meerdere (multiple) sclerotische haarden
= wittestof hersenen en het ruggenmerg
= littekenweefsel tgv herhaalde en langdurige
ontstekingen t.h.v. de myeline.

● Verworven aandoening
● MS is een ontstekingsproces van de myeline: opflakkeringen – witte stofletsels p MRI
● MS is een degeneratieve aandoening
van het centraal zenuwstelsel:
langzame ziekteprogressie - traag
verlies van hersenweefsel – atrofie op
MRI.




1

, Neurologie
Docent: Rishi Panday
● Interactie tussen ontsteking (demyelinisatie) en degeneratie (axonaal verlies)?
(foto vorige pagina → Dwarsdoorsnede van de ruggenmerg)

● “Auto-immuunziekte “= afweersysteem
reageert tegen delen van het eigen lichaam
(myeline) via de T-lymfocyten, B-lymfocyten
● Macrofagen : opruimen van myeline dat
herkend werd door T-lymfocyten
● Bloed-hersen-barrière: beschadigd door
ontsteking→ antilichamen tegen
myeline van de B-lymfocyten →
hersenen en daar dan
de myeline gaan aanvallen.

● Demyelinisatie : wel afgelijnde focale letsels
in de witte stof. Goed aan te tonen met MRI.
● Remyelinisatie : in max 40 % van de letsels, maar nieuwe myeline is
dunner met ↓ geleiding.
● Axonaal verlies : tot 60 % verlies aan axonen in letsels en ook meer
diffuus in “normaal lijkende witte stof!” → atrofie. Veel moeilijker te
detecteren met MRI, nieuwe technieken in ontwikkeling (fMRI, DW MRI)

● Graduele ↓ van aantal opstoten, parallel aan graduele ↑ van
onomkeerbare atrofie
● = afname van demyelinisatie, sterke toename van axonaal verlies




2

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