AICE Psychology Questions with
Accurate Answers
Qualitative data - ✔✔Words/statement data collected
Quantitative data - ✔✔Numbers collected
Opportunity sample - ✔✔A sampling technique where participants are chosen because they are
easily available
Volunteer sample - ✔✔A method of sample selection that consists of people choosing
themselves by responding to a general appeal.
Random Sample - ✔✔a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an
equal chance of inclusion
Biological approach studies - ✔✔Dement and Kleitman (1957)
Hassett et al. (2008)
Holzel et al. (2011)
Dement and Kleitman (1957) Aims - ✔✔Aim 1: Does dream recall differ between REM and
nREM stages of sleep?
Aim 2: Is there positive correlation between subjective estimates of dream duration and the
length of the REM period before waking?
Aim 3: Are eye movement patterns related to dream content?
Research methods of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔Lad experiment, Repeated measures design
(Aim 1 & 2), Self-reports (Aim 3)
, Sample of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔7 males and 2 females. 5 were studied in detail the
remaining 4 were used to confirm results.
Procedure of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔Participants went about their normal days; however,
they were not allowed to have and caffeinated drinks or alcohol. P's were hooked up to the EEG
that measured the brain waves. The cords were pulled back so the P could move easily.
Results of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔-Dream stages lasted 3-50 minutes.
-The dream stages were longer later in the night.
-P's woken up during nREM went back into nREM unlike REM sleeping P's
Conclusions of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔Dreams occur during REM not nREM
Strengths of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔-Lab experiment (many controls)
-doorbell used to wake each P up (woke up right away instead of going through the stages)
Weaknesses of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔-Lacked deception
-P's not in original sleeping habitat
-Self-reported dreams (Could be lying just to be apart of study)
Brain wave stages - ✔✔Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta
Background of Hassett et al. - ✔✔Behavioral difference between females and males is the play
(toys)
Aim of Hassett et al. - ✔✔The aim of the study was to investigate whether toy preferences in
monkey resemble those in children.
Accurate Answers
Qualitative data - ✔✔Words/statement data collected
Quantitative data - ✔✔Numbers collected
Opportunity sample - ✔✔A sampling technique where participants are chosen because they are
easily available
Volunteer sample - ✔✔A method of sample selection that consists of people choosing
themselves by responding to a general appeal.
Random Sample - ✔✔a sample that fairly represents a population because each member has an
equal chance of inclusion
Biological approach studies - ✔✔Dement and Kleitman (1957)
Hassett et al. (2008)
Holzel et al. (2011)
Dement and Kleitman (1957) Aims - ✔✔Aim 1: Does dream recall differ between REM and
nREM stages of sleep?
Aim 2: Is there positive correlation between subjective estimates of dream duration and the
length of the REM period before waking?
Aim 3: Are eye movement patterns related to dream content?
Research methods of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔Lad experiment, Repeated measures design
(Aim 1 & 2), Self-reports (Aim 3)
, Sample of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔7 males and 2 females. 5 were studied in detail the
remaining 4 were used to confirm results.
Procedure of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔Participants went about their normal days; however,
they were not allowed to have and caffeinated drinks or alcohol. P's were hooked up to the EEG
that measured the brain waves. The cords were pulled back so the P could move easily.
Results of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔-Dream stages lasted 3-50 minutes.
-The dream stages were longer later in the night.
-P's woken up during nREM went back into nREM unlike REM sleeping P's
Conclusions of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔Dreams occur during REM not nREM
Strengths of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔-Lab experiment (many controls)
-doorbell used to wake each P up (woke up right away instead of going through the stages)
Weaknesses of Dement and Kleitman - ✔✔-Lacked deception
-P's not in original sleeping habitat
-Self-reported dreams (Could be lying just to be apart of study)
Brain wave stages - ✔✔Delta, Theta, Alpha, Beta
Background of Hassett et al. - ✔✔Behavioral difference between females and males is the play
(toys)
Aim of Hassett et al. - ✔✔The aim of the study was to investigate whether toy preferences in
monkey resemble those in children.
