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14th Global Edition By Richard C. Dorf
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Chapters 1 - 13, Complete
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,T A B L E - O F - C O N T E N T S
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1. Introduction to Control Systems ............................................................. 1
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2. Mathematical Models of Systems ......................................................... 20
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3. State Variable Models............................................................................ 79
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4. Feedback Control System Characteristics........................................... 126
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5. The Performance of Feedback Control Systems............................... 166
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6. The Stability of Linear Feedback Systems ...................................... 216
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7. The Root Locus Method .................................................................... 257
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8. Frequency Response Methods ............................................................. 359
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9. Stability in the Frequency Domain ................................................... 420
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10. The Design of Feedback Control Systems........................................ 492
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11. The Design of State Variable Feedback Systems ............................ 574
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12. Robust Control Systems ..................................................................... 633
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13. Digital Control Systems ..................................................................... 691
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, C H A P T E R
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Introduction to Control Systems n n n
There are, in general, no unique solutions to the following exercises and
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problems. Other equally valid block diagrams may be submitted by the
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student.
n
Exercises
E1.1 A microprocessor controlled laser system:
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Error Current i(t) n
Desired Power
npower - out
noutput
Measured
n power
E1.2 A driver controlled cruise control system:
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Controller
Foot pedal
Desired
n
Car and n
Actual
Driver
nspeed - Engine
n
auto
nspeed
Measurement
Speedometer
Visual indication of speed
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E1.3 n nAlthough the principle of conservation of momentum explains much
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n of the process of fly-casting, there does not exist a comprehensive scientific
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n explanation of how a fly-fisher uses the small backward and forward mo- tion
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n of the fly rod to cast an almost weightless fly lure long distances (the
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1
, 2 CHAPTER 1 n n n Introduction to Control Systems n n n
current world-record is 236 ft). The fly lure is attached to a short invisible
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leader about 15-ft long, which is in turn attached to a longer and thicker
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Dacron line. The objective is cast the fly lure to a distant spot with dead- eye
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accuracy so that the thicker part of the line touches the water first and then
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the fly gently settles on the water just as an insect might.
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Wind
Controller
Mind and n
Actual
of
n - body of the
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n n cast n positio
n n of
fly fly-fisher
n
nthe nfly
Measurement
n of
Visual nindication n
n ofnthe nposition
nof n the nfly
E1.4 An autofocus camera control system:
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One-way trip time for the beam
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Conversionnfactor
1
n
n (speed n of n light n or
sound)
Emitter/ Distance nto nsubject
n
Lens