FLETC WRITTEN EXAM #1
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Graham v. Connor (1989) - Correct Answers -Recognized that the right to make an
arrest or investigatory stop necessarily carries with it the right to use some degree of
physical coercion/threat to affect it.
In the course of an arrest or stop is properly analyzed by Fourth Amendment's 'objective
reasonableness' standard
Graham Factors - Correct Answers -Severity of crime
Whether suspect poses an immediate threat
Whether suspect is actively resisting arrest
Attempting to evade arrest by flight
Additional factors considered when applying standard of Graham v. Connor that may
govern the reasonableness of using force - Correct Answers -# of suspects/# of officers
Size, age, condition of officer/suspect
Duration of action
Whether force applied resulted in injury
Previous violent history known to officer at time
Use of alcohol/drugs
Suspect's mental history known to officer at time
Presence of innocent bystanders
Availability of officer weapons
Range of Reasonableness - Correct Answers -Officer responses range from:
Hesitation---------------Aggressive
Tennessee v. Garner (1985) - Correct Answers -Supreme Court stated it is not
reasonable to shoot an unarmed non-dangerous fleeing suspect.
Key Elements of Tennessee v. Garner - Correct Answers -Probable cause
Threat
Officer not obligated to wait until death or serious bodily harm is occurring
,If based on totality of circumstance and the officer perceives a threat of such action, a
reasonable force option may be used
Pre-Assault Indicators - Correct Answers -Verbal aggression
Change in posture
Face becomes red, showing teeth, breathing faster
Individual ignores you or stares through you
Aggression
Hands tighten
Individual becomes rigid
Chin tucked
Common Restrictions in Agency Use of Force Policy - Correct Answers -Use of warning
shots
Use of maximum force
Moving vehicles
Exhausting lesser means of force first
Physiological Changes triggered when faced with a threat - Correct Answers -Pounding
heart
Muscle tension
Rapid, shallow breathing
Nausea
Dizziness
Dry mouth
Diminished sound
Tunnel vision
Slow motion time
Memory loss
Memory distortion
Tunnel Vision - Correct Answers -Loss of peripheral vision
Heightened Visual Clarity - Correct Answers -Clear picture of details you ordinarily
might not notice/remember
Hearing Distortions - Correct Answers -Total loss of hearing, to muffled or distant
Time Distortion - Correct Answers -Things seem to speed up or slow down
Cognitive/Behavioral Changes triggered when faced with a threat - Correct Answers -
Automatic Behavior
Memory Gaps
Intrusive Thoughts
Methods of overcoming hesitation in use of force - Correct Answers -Mental preparation
, Proper Training
Belief in mission
Personal Appearance
Physical Fitness
Understanding the law
Reality Based Training
Continuous Positive Visualization
Understanding of agency policy
Commitment to family/friends
Will to win
Fundamentals of Documenting Use of Force Incident - Correct Answers -Officer Safety
Objective, not subjective
Training and Experience
Matched Description
Basis for Seizure
Terry Stop - Correct Answers -Reasonable suspicion sufficient for investigation stop or
detention; no warrant needed
Two Main Parts of the Mind - Correct Answers -The conscious and the subconscious
The Conscious Mind - Correct Answers -Rational, analytical part of the mind. Home to
will power and short-term memory
The Subconscious Mind - Correct Answers -The real boss, communicates through
feelings and emotions
Mistaken Assumptions of Perception - Correct Answers -Everyone sees what really
occurs
Everyone sees everything that occurs
Everyone processes information the same way
Everyone remembers exactly what occurred during an incident
Memories stay the same, maintain accuracy, and remain consistent over time
People can replay experiences with accuracy and detail
Arousal - Correct Answers -Defined by physiology
Anxiety - Correct Answers -Defined by terms of emotional or cognitive impact of arousal
Situational Awareness - Correct Answers -A person's perception of the elements in the
environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning,
and the projection of their status in the near future
Effective Situational Awareness - Correct Answers -Perception of changing elements
during dynamic events and correctly reacting in a timely manner
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Graham v. Connor (1989) - Correct Answers -Recognized that the right to make an
arrest or investigatory stop necessarily carries with it the right to use some degree of
physical coercion/threat to affect it.
In the course of an arrest or stop is properly analyzed by Fourth Amendment's 'objective
reasonableness' standard
Graham Factors - Correct Answers -Severity of crime
Whether suspect poses an immediate threat
Whether suspect is actively resisting arrest
Attempting to evade arrest by flight
Additional factors considered when applying standard of Graham v. Connor that may
govern the reasonableness of using force - Correct Answers -# of suspects/# of officers
Size, age, condition of officer/suspect
Duration of action
Whether force applied resulted in injury
Previous violent history known to officer at time
Use of alcohol/drugs
Suspect's mental history known to officer at time
Presence of innocent bystanders
Availability of officer weapons
Range of Reasonableness - Correct Answers -Officer responses range from:
Hesitation---------------Aggressive
Tennessee v. Garner (1985) - Correct Answers -Supreme Court stated it is not
reasonable to shoot an unarmed non-dangerous fleeing suspect.
Key Elements of Tennessee v. Garner - Correct Answers -Probable cause
Threat
Officer not obligated to wait until death or serious bodily harm is occurring
,If based on totality of circumstance and the officer perceives a threat of such action, a
reasonable force option may be used
Pre-Assault Indicators - Correct Answers -Verbal aggression
Change in posture
Face becomes red, showing teeth, breathing faster
Individual ignores you or stares through you
Aggression
Hands tighten
Individual becomes rigid
Chin tucked
Common Restrictions in Agency Use of Force Policy - Correct Answers -Use of warning
shots
Use of maximum force
Moving vehicles
Exhausting lesser means of force first
Physiological Changes triggered when faced with a threat - Correct Answers -Pounding
heart
Muscle tension
Rapid, shallow breathing
Nausea
Dizziness
Dry mouth
Diminished sound
Tunnel vision
Slow motion time
Memory loss
Memory distortion
Tunnel Vision - Correct Answers -Loss of peripheral vision
Heightened Visual Clarity - Correct Answers -Clear picture of details you ordinarily
might not notice/remember
Hearing Distortions - Correct Answers -Total loss of hearing, to muffled or distant
Time Distortion - Correct Answers -Things seem to speed up or slow down
Cognitive/Behavioral Changes triggered when faced with a threat - Correct Answers -
Automatic Behavior
Memory Gaps
Intrusive Thoughts
Methods of overcoming hesitation in use of force - Correct Answers -Mental preparation
, Proper Training
Belief in mission
Personal Appearance
Physical Fitness
Understanding the law
Reality Based Training
Continuous Positive Visualization
Understanding of agency policy
Commitment to family/friends
Will to win
Fundamentals of Documenting Use of Force Incident - Correct Answers -Officer Safety
Objective, not subjective
Training and Experience
Matched Description
Basis for Seizure
Terry Stop - Correct Answers -Reasonable suspicion sufficient for investigation stop or
detention; no warrant needed
Two Main Parts of the Mind - Correct Answers -The conscious and the subconscious
The Conscious Mind - Correct Answers -Rational, analytical part of the mind. Home to
will power and short-term memory
The Subconscious Mind - Correct Answers -The real boss, communicates through
feelings and emotions
Mistaken Assumptions of Perception - Correct Answers -Everyone sees what really
occurs
Everyone sees everything that occurs
Everyone processes information the same way
Everyone remembers exactly what occurred during an incident
Memories stay the same, maintain accuracy, and remain consistent over time
People can replay experiences with accuracy and detail
Arousal - Correct Answers -Defined by physiology
Anxiety - Correct Answers -Defined by terms of emotional or cognitive impact of arousal
Situational Awareness - Correct Answers -A person's perception of the elements in the
environment within a volume of time and space, the comprehension of their meaning,
and the projection of their status in the near future
Effective Situational Awareness - Correct Answers -Perception of changing elements
during dynamic events and correctly reacting in a timely manner
