ANAT 100 EOC EXAM 2025/2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTION RATED A+
✔✔Anatomical position - ✔✔standing upright, feet parallel, head level looking forward,
arms at side of body, palms facing out, thumbs pointing away from body
✔✔Superior/Inferior - ✔✔Above/Below
These terms refer to placement of a structure along vertical axis of the body.
✔✔Medial/Lateral - ✔✔Medial=Towards midline of body
Lateral=Towards sides of body/away from midline
✔✔Proximal/Distal - ✔✔Near/Away from
✔✔Superficial - ✔✔Closer to the surface of the body
✔✔Visceral/Parietal - ✔✔Visceral=Layer closer to the organ
Parietal=Layer further from the organ
✔✔Sagittal Plane - ✔✔Vertical plane, divides body into right and left sections
Midsagittal plane=passes directly through body midline
✔✔Coronal plane - ✔✔Vertical plane, divides body into Anterior(front) and
Posterior(back) sections.
Pretend Coronal--Crown on head dividing front and back of body.
✔✔Transverse/Horizontal Plane - ✔✔Horizontal plane, divides body into Superior(top)
and Inferior(bottom) sections.
✔✔Oblique plane - ✔✔Plane that passes through the body at an angle
✔✔Longitudinal plane - ✔✔Vertical plane--any plane perpendicular to Horizontal plane
(Sagittal plane and Coronal plane)
✔✔Plane vs. Section - ✔✔Planes=Imaginary flat surfaces passing through the body
Sections=Cuts of the body made along a specific plane
✔✔What is epithelium made of? - ✔✔Close together cells with no intercellular
substance.
✔✔What is covering epithelium? - ✔✔Cells that cover internal and external surfaces.
✔✔What is glandular epithelium? - ✔✔Cells that secrete products.
,✔✔Characteristics of Epithelial tissue - ✔✔- Cellularity=adjacent cells are joined by
specialized junctions
- Polarity=epithelial cells have an exposed (Apical) surface, and a basal surface
attached to the underlying tissue.
- Attachment= Epithelial cells are attached to the Basal Lamina/Basement membrane -
above the connective tissue
-Avascularity = have no direct blood supply - receive nutrients from underlying tissue
instead
-Regeneration = Epithelial cells are continuously regenerated
✔✔Layers of Epithelial Cell - ✔✔Apical surface (Exposed)
Basal Surface
Basal Lamina / Basement Membrane
Connective Tissue
✔✔Functions of Epithelium - ✔✔a) Support/Protection - lines body surfaces - protects
tissue from injury/pathogens
b) Permeability - Epithelium allows substances to be absorbed in the body
c) Sensation - some epithelium are able to detect sensory stimuli (touch/sensations)
d) Secretion- some epithelium secrete substances (skin secretes lubricating oil)
✔✔Simple Cell Organization - ✔✔only one cell layer thick
✔✔Stratified Cell Organization - ✔✔2 or more cell layers thick
✔✔Squamous cell shape - ✔✔Flat, thin, wide
✔✔Cuboidal cell shape - ✔✔Square shaped, central nucleus
✔✔Columnar cell shape - ✔✔Tall and long, oval shaped nucleus
✔✔Simple Squamous Epithelium - ✔✔Single layer of flattened cells
- lines blood vessels - thin barrier for easy exchange of materials
✔✔Simple Cuboidal - ✔✔Single layer of square shaped cells with central nucleus
- Can be found lining glands
✔✔Simple columnar - ✔✔Single layer of thin, long cells with oval shaped nucleus.
, - Can be found lining the GI tract
- Single layer allows for rapid absorption and secretion in intestines
✔✔Stratified Squamous - ✔✔Multiple layers of flat cells
- apical (Surface) cells are flat
- basal (Cells in the middle) are more cuboidal
-Stratified squamous tissue makes up the most superficial layer of the skin
- Many layers of tissue for the protection of organs
✔✔Stratified Cuboidal - ✔✔Multiple layers of square shaped cells with central nucleus
- Located in ducts of glands
- For secretion, protection , and strengthening of duct walls
ex: Stratified cuboidal cells lining the ducts of sweat glands
✔✔Stratified Columnar - ✔✔Multiple layers of long, thin cells with oval shaped nucleus
--Rare in the human body
- Stratified columnar cells can be found in the male urethra - for protection and secretion
(of sperm)
✔✔Transitional Epithelium - ✔✔Dome-shaped apical cells (on surface) --Relaxed state
- Become flattened when stretched
- Multiple layers of cells allowing for stretching
- Found in the Urinary bladder (To be able to stretch when fills with urine)
✔✔Pseudo-stratified Epithelium - ✔✔Has cilia on the surface for movement of mucous
- Single layer of cells
- Found in respiratory tract (To move mucous)
✔✔Connective Tissue - ✔✔Most abundant type of tissue in human body
-Loose/Dense regular/Dense Irregular
-Functions to support and connect parts of the body
✔✔Functions of Connective Tissue - ✔✔a) Support and Connect - skull protects the
brain
b) Structural Framework - Bones of skeleton provide framework for skeletal muscles,
cartilage supports structures
c) Medium for exchange - Blood carries gasses, nutrients, and waste to parts of the
body
d) Storage and Repair - Bones store minerals (Calcium and fat)
- Provides energy for the body
e) Defence - White blood cells , antibody production
SOLUTION RATED A+
✔✔Anatomical position - ✔✔standing upright, feet parallel, head level looking forward,
arms at side of body, palms facing out, thumbs pointing away from body
✔✔Superior/Inferior - ✔✔Above/Below
These terms refer to placement of a structure along vertical axis of the body.
✔✔Medial/Lateral - ✔✔Medial=Towards midline of body
Lateral=Towards sides of body/away from midline
✔✔Proximal/Distal - ✔✔Near/Away from
✔✔Superficial - ✔✔Closer to the surface of the body
✔✔Visceral/Parietal - ✔✔Visceral=Layer closer to the organ
Parietal=Layer further from the organ
✔✔Sagittal Plane - ✔✔Vertical plane, divides body into right and left sections
Midsagittal plane=passes directly through body midline
✔✔Coronal plane - ✔✔Vertical plane, divides body into Anterior(front) and
Posterior(back) sections.
Pretend Coronal--Crown on head dividing front and back of body.
✔✔Transverse/Horizontal Plane - ✔✔Horizontal plane, divides body into Superior(top)
and Inferior(bottom) sections.
✔✔Oblique plane - ✔✔Plane that passes through the body at an angle
✔✔Longitudinal plane - ✔✔Vertical plane--any plane perpendicular to Horizontal plane
(Sagittal plane and Coronal plane)
✔✔Plane vs. Section - ✔✔Planes=Imaginary flat surfaces passing through the body
Sections=Cuts of the body made along a specific plane
✔✔What is epithelium made of? - ✔✔Close together cells with no intercellular
substance.
✔✔What is covering epithelium? - ✔✔Cells that cover internal and external surfaces.
✔✔What is glandular epithelium? - ✔✔Cells that secrete products.
,✔✔Characteristics of Epithelial tissue - ✔✔- Cellularity=adjacent cells are joined by
specialized junctions
- Polarity=epithelial cells have an exposed (Apical) surface, and a basal surface
attached to the underlying tissue.
- Attachment= Epithelial cells are attached to the Basal Lamina/Basement membrane -
above the connective tissue
-Avascularity = have no direct blood supply - receive nutrients from underlying tissue
instead
-Regeneration = Epithelial cells are continuously regenerated
✔✔Layers of Epithelial Cell - ✔✔Apical surface (Exposed)
Basal Surface
Basal Lamina / Basement Membrane
Connective Tissue
✔✔Functions of Epithelium - ✔✔a) Support/Protection - lines body surfaces - protects
tissue from injury/pathogens
b) Permeability - Epithelium allows substances to be absorbed in the body
c) Sensation - some epithelium are able to detect sensory stimuli (touch/sensations)
d) Secretion- some epithelium secrete substances (skin secretes lubricating oil)
✔✔Simple Cell Organization - ✔✔only one cell layer thick
✔✔Stratified Cell Organization - ✔✔2 or more cell layers thick
✔✔Squamous cell shape - ✔✔Flat, thin, wide
✔✔Cuboidal cell shape - ✔✔Square shaped, central nucleus
✔✔Columnar cell shape - ✔✔Tall and long, oval shaped nucleus
✔✔Simple Squamous Epithelium - ✔✔Single layer of flattened cells
- lines blood vessels - thin barrier for easy exchange of materials
✔✔Simple Cuboidal - ✔✔Single layer of square shaped cells with central nucleus
- Can be found lining glands
✔✔Simple columnar - ✔✔Single layer of thin, long cells with oval shaped nucleus.
, - Can be found lining the GI tract
- Single layer allows for rapid absorption and secretion in intestines
✔✔Stratified Squamous - ✔✔Multiple layers of flat cells
- apical (Surface) cells are flat
- basal (Cells in the middle) are more cuboidal
-Stratified squamous tissue makes up the most superficial layer of the skin
- Many layers of tissue for the protection of organs
✔✔Stratified Cuboidal - ✔✔Multiple layers of square shaped cells with central nucleus
- Located in ducts of glands
- For secretion, protection , and strengthening of duct walls
ex: Stratified cuboidal cells lining the ducts of sweat glands
✔✔Stratified Columnar - ✔✔Multiple layers of long, thin cells with oval shaped nucleus
--Rare in the human body
- Stratified columnar cells can be found in the male urethra - for protection and secretion
(of sperm)
✔✔Transitional Epithelium - ✔✔Dome-shaped apical cells (on surface) --Relaxed state
- Become flattened when stretched
- Multiple layers of cells allowing for stretching
- Found in the Urinary bladder (To be able to stretch when fills with urine)
✔✔Pseudo-stratified Epithelium - ✔✔Has cilia on the surface for movement of mucous
- Single layer of cells
- Found in respiratory tract (To move mucous)
✔✔Connective Tissue - ✔✔Most abundant type of tissue in human body
-Loose/Dense regular/Dense Irregular
-Functions to support and connect parts of the body
✔✔Functions of Connective Tissue - ✔✔a) Support and Connect - skull protects the
brain
b) Structural Framework - Bones of skeleton provide framework for skeletal muscles,
cartilage supports structures
c) Medium for exchange - Blood carries gasses, nutrients, and waste to parts of the
body
d) Storage and Repair - Bones store minerals (Calcium and fat)
- Provides energy for the body
e) Defence - White blood cells , antibody production
