NUR 405 Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions
1. A depressed client states, "I have a chemical imbalance in my
brain. I have no control over my behavior. Medications are my
only hope to feel normal again." Which nursing response is
appropriate?
A. "Medications are one way to address chemical imbalances.
Environmental and interpersonal factors can also have an impact
on biological factors."
B. "Because biological factors are the sole cause of depression,
medications will improve your mood."
C. "Environmental factors have been shown to exert the most
influence in the development of depression."
D. "Researchers have been unable to demonstrate a link between
nature (biology and genetics) and nurture (environment)."
Correct Answer ANS: A
The nurse should advise the client that medications are one
treatment approach to address biological factors, but there are
other factors that affect mood. The nurse should educate the
client on environmental and interpersonal factors that can lead to
depression and the potential for psychological treatments to have
a positive impact on biological factors.
1. A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing occasional
feelings of sadness because of the recent death of a beloved pet.
The client's appetite, sleep patterns, and daily routine have not
changed. How should the nurse interpret the client's behaviors?
A. The client's behaviors demonstrate mental illness in the form
of depression.
B. The client's behaviors are extensive, which indicates the
presence of mental illness.
,C. The client's behaviors are not congruent with cultural norms.
D. The client's behaviors demonstrate no functional impairment,
indicating no mental illness. Correct Answer ANS: D
The nurse should assess that the client's daily functioning is not
impaired. The client who experiences feelings of sadness after
the loss of a pet is responding within normal expectations.
Without significant impairment, the client's distress does not
indicate a mental illness.
1. According to Erikson's developmental theory, when planning
care for a 47-year-old client, which developmental task should a
nurse identify as appropriate for this client?
A. To develop a basic trust in others
B. To achieve a sense of self-confidence and recognition from
others
C. To reflect back on life events to derive pleasure and meaning
D. To achieve established life goals and consider the welfare of
future generations Correct Answer ANS: D
The nurse should identify that an appropriate developmental task
for a 47-year-old client would be to achieve established life
goals and consider the welfare of future generations. According
to Erikson, the client would be in the generativity versus
stagnation stage of development.
10. A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with the diagnosis
of catatonic schizophrenia. Which of the client's
neurotransmitters should a nurse expect to be elevated?
A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
D. Histamine Correct Answer ANS: B
,The nurse should expect that elevated dopamine levels might be
an attributing factor to the client's current level of functioning.
Dopamine functions include regulation of movements and
coordination, emotions, and voluntary decision-making ability.
10. A physically healthy, 35-year-old single client lives with
parents who provide total financial support. According to
Erikson's theory, which developmental task should a nurse assist
the client to accomplish?
A. Establishing the ability to control emotional reactions
B. Establishing a strong sense of ethics and character structure
C. Establishing and maintaining self-esteem
D. Establishing a career, personal relationships, and societal
connections Correct Answer ANS: D
The nurse should assist the client in establishing a career,
personal relationships, and societal connections. According to
Erikson, nonachievement in the generativity versus stagnation
stage results in self-absorption, including withdrawal from
others and having no capacity for giving of the self to others.
10. The nurse is preparing to provide medication instruction for
a patient. Which of the following understandings about anxiety
will be essential to effective instruction?
A. Learning is best when anxiety is moderate to severe.
B. Learning is enhanced when anxiety is mild.
C. Panic level anxiety helps the nurse teach better.
D. Severe anxiety is characterized by intense concentration and
enhances the attention span. Correct Answer ANS: B
Mild anxiety sharpens the senses, increases the perceptual field,
and results in heightened awareness of the environment.
, Learning is enhanced. As anxiety increases, attention span
decreases and learning becomes more difficult.
11. A client's wife of 34 years dies unexpectedly. The client
cries often and becomes socially isolated. The client's therapist
stresses the importance of proper sleep, nutrition, and exercise.
What is the best rationale for the therapist's advice?
A. The therapist is using an interpersonal approach.
B. The client has an alteration in neurotransmitters.
C. It is routine practice to remind clients about nutrition,
exercise, and rest.
D. The client is susceptible to illness due to effects of stress on
the immune system. Correct Answer ANS: D
The therapist's advice should be based on the knowledge that the
client has been exposed to stressful stimuli and is at an increased
risk of developing illness due to the effects of stress on the
immune system. The study of this branch of medicine is called
psychoimmunology.
11. Which of the following are identified as psychoneurotic
responses to severe anxiety as they appear in the DSM-5?
A. Somatic symptom disorders
B. Grief responses
C. Psychosis
D. Bipolar disorder Correct Answer ANS: A
Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by preoccupation
with physical symptoms for which there is no demonstrable
organic pathology. One of the diagnostic criteria is a high level
of anxiety about health concerns or illness.
1. A depressed client states, "I have a chemical imbalance in my
brain. I have no control over my behavior. Medications are my
only hope to feel normal again." Which nursing response is
appropriate?
A. "Medications are one way to address chemical imbalances.
Environmental and interpersonal factors can also have an impact
on biological factors."
B. "Because biological factors are the sole cause of depression,
medications will improve your mood."
C. "Environmental factors have been shown to exert the most
influence in the development of depression."
D. "Researchers have been unable to demonstrate a link between
nature (biology and genetics) and nurture (environment)."
Correct Answer ANS: A
The nurse should advise the client that medications are one
treatment approach to address biological factors, but there are
other factors that affect mood. The nurse should educate the
client on environmental and interpersonal factors that can lead to
depression and the potential for psychological treatments to have
a positive impact on biological factors.
1. A nurse is assessing a client who is experiencing occasional
feelings of sadness because of the recent death of a beloved pet.
The client's appetite, sleep patterns, and daily routine have not
changed. How should the nurse interpret the client's behaviors?
A. The client's behaviors demonstrate mental illness in the form
of depression.
B. The client's behaviors are extensive, which indicates the
presence of mental illness.
,C. The client's behaviors are not congruent with cultural norms.
D. The client's behaviors demonstrate no functional impairment,
indicating no mental illness. Correct Answer ANS: D
The nurse should assess that the client's daily functioning is not
impaired. The client who experiences feelings of sadness after
the loss of a pet is responding within normal expectations.
Without significant impairment, the client's distress does not
indicate a mental illness.
1. According to Erikson's developmental theory, when planning
care for a 47-year-old client, which developmental task should a
nurse identify as appropriate for this client?
A. To develop a basic trust in others
B. To achieve a sense of self-confidence and recognition from
others
C. To reflect back on life events to derive pleasure and meaning
D. To achieve established life goals and consider the welfare of
future generations Correct Answer ANS: D
The nurse should identify that an appropriate developmental task
for a 47-year-old client would be to achieve established life
goals and consider the welfare of future generations. According
to Erikson, the client would be in the generativity versus
stagnation stage of development.
10. A client is admitted to a psychiatric unit with the diagnosis
of catatonic schizophrenia. Which of the client's
neurotransmitters should a nurse expect to be elevated?
A. Serotonin
B. Dopamine
C. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
D. Histamine Correct Answer ANS: B
,The nurse should expect that elevated dopamine levels might be
an attributing factor to the client's current level of functioning.
Dopamine functions include regulation of movements and
coordination, emotions, and voluntary decision-making ability.
10. A physically healthy, 35-year-old single client lives with
parents who provide total financial support. According to
Erikson's theory, which developmental task should a nurse assist
the client to accomplish?
A. Establishing the ability to control emotional reactions
B. Establishing a strong sense of ethics and character structure
C. Establishing and maintaining self-esteem
D. Establishing a career, personal relationships, and societal
connections Correct Answer ANS: D
The nurse should assist the client in establishing a career,
personal relationships, and societal connections. According to
Erikson, nonachievement in the generativity versus stagnation
stage results in self-absorption, including withdrawal from
others and having no capacity for giving of the self to others.
10. The nurse is preparing to provide medication instruction for
a patient. Which of the following understandings about anxiety
will be essential to effective instruction?
A. Learning is best when anxiety is moderate to severe.
B. Learning is enhanced when anxiety is mild.
C. Panic level anxiety helps the nurse teach better.
D. Severe anxiety is characterized by intense concentration and
enhances the attention span. Correct Answer ANS: B
Mild anxiety sharpens the senses, increases the perceptual field,
and results in heightened awareness of the environment.
, Learning is enhanced. As anxiety increases, attention span
decreases and learning becomes more difficult.
11. A client's wife of 34 years dies unexpectedly. The client
cries often and becomes socially isolated. The client's therapist
stresses the importance of proper sleep, nutrition, and exercise.
What is the best rationale for the therapist's advice?
A. The therapist is using an interpersonal approach.
B. The client has an alteration in neurotransmitters.
C. It is routine practice to remind clients about nutrition,
exercise, and rest.
D. The client is susceptible to illness due to effects of stress on
the immune system. Correct Answer ANS: D
The therapist's advice should be based on the knowledge that the
client has been exposed to stressful stimuli and is at an increased
risk of developing illness due to the effects of stress on the
immune system. The study of this branch of medicine is called
psychoimmunology.
11. Which of the following are identified as psychoneurotic
responses to severe anxiety as they appear in the DSM-5?
A. Somatic symptom disorders
B. Grief responses
C. Psychosis
D. Bipolar disorder Correct Answer ANS: A
Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by preoccupation
with physical symptoms for which there is no demonstrable
organic pathology. One of the diagnostic criteria is a high level
of anxiety about health concerns or illness.
