A nurse is reviewing the laboratory reports of a client who is receiving enteral feedings. Which of
the following values indicates a complication of enteral feeding that the nurse should report to
the provider?
A. Sodium 143
B. Potassium 4.2
C. BUN 25
D. Glucose 185 - ANS-C. BUN 25 mg/dL
A BUN level of 35 mg/dL is above the expected reference range of 10-20 mg/dL and indicates
dehydration, which is a complication of enteral feedings. The nurse should report this lab value
to the provider.
A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following
disorders should the nurse identify as increasing the client's metabolic needs? (Select all that
apply)
A. COPD
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Cancer
D. Parkinson's disease
E. Major burns - ANS-A. COPD, C. Cancer, D. Parkinson's disease, E. Major burns
Clients who have COPD develop hypermetabolism as a result of the increased amount of
energy used to breathe. Cancer can cause a number of metabolic changes, including
hypermetabolism as a result of the tumor growth. Clients who have Parkinson's disease develop
hypermetabolism because they burn calories due to muscular rigidity. Finally, client who have
major burns develop severe metabolic stress, which includes hypermetabolism and
hypercatabolism.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gout and urolithiasis. The client asks how to
prevent future uric acid stones. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse provide?
(Select all that apply)
A. Take allopurinol as prescribed
B. Exercise several times a week
C. Limit intake of foods high in purine
D. Decrease daily fluid intake
E. Avoid citrus juices - ANS-A. Take allopurinol as prescribed, B. Exercise several times a week,
C. Limit intake of foods high in purine
The nurse should inform the client that allopurinol is an antigout medication that reduces uric
acid, which helps prevent uric acid stone formation. Immobility is a risk factor for stone
formation; therefore, the client should maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise.
,Purine increases the risk of uric acid stone formation; organ meats, poultry, fish, red wine, and
gravy are high in purine.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I
eat pasta every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the
nurse provide?
A. "Let's discuss this with your doctor; giving up daily pasta may not be necessary."
B. "Is there another favorite dish you can substitute?"
C. "You don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat."
D. "You can use no-added-salt tomato products on your pasta." - ANS-C. "You don't have to
give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat."
The American Diabetes Association recommends individualizing carbohydrate restriction for
each client. A careful assessment of the client's usual dietary practices and modifications is an
important part of teaching clients to manage this disorder.
A nurse is planning an in-service training session regarding nutrition. Which of the following
mineral should the nurse identify as involved in oxygen transportation?
A. Zinc
B. Iron
C. Phosphorus
D. Magnesium - ANS-B. Iron
Iron transports oxygen by means of hemoglobin and myoglobin. It is also a component of
enzyme systems.
A nurse is teaching a group of client about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the purpose of bile?
A. Digesting fats
B. Producing chime
C. Stimulating gastric acid secretion
D. Providing energy - ANS-A. Digesting fats
Bile is a product of the liver and aids in the digestion of fats
A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following pieces
of information should the nurse include?
A. Fat breaks down into amino acids.
B. Protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate.
C. Glucose breaks down into ammonia
, D. Carbohydrates provide 9 cal/g of energy - ANS-B. Protein serves as an energy source when
other sources are inadequate
Protein is used as an energy source for the body when carbohydrates and fat stores are
unavailable or depleted.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with AIDS who has stomatitis of the mouth.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth."
B. "Season food with spices instead of salt."
C. "Avoid the use of a straw to drink liquids."
D. "Eat foods at hot temperatures." - ANS-A. "You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth."
The nurse should instruct the client to suck on popsicles or ice chips, which can numb the
mouth.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer and reports a
metallic taste in the mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse
share with the client?
A. Eat with metal utensils
B. Limit coffee
C. Avoid citrus foods
D. Offer mints - ANS-D. Offer mints
The nurse should encourage the client to suck on mints, which can overcome the metallic taste
the client is experiencing as a result of the radiation therapy.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has COPD about maintaining proper nutrition.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will increase my fluid intake when I eat a meal."
B. "I will eat more cold foods at meals rather than hot foods."
C. "I will avoid high0fat foods like butter and gravies."
D. "I will cook my meals instead of eating convenience foods." - ANS-B. "I will eat more cold
foods at meals rather than hot foods."
The client should prepare more cold foods to eat because they provide a decreased feeling of
fullness compared to hot foods.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a gastrectomy. Which of the
following strategies should the nurse include to help prevent dumping syndrome?
the following values indicates a complication of enteral feeding that the nurse should report to
the provider?
A. Sodium 143
B. Potassium 4.2
C. BUN 25
D. Glucose 185 - ANS-C. BUN 25 mg/dL
A BUN level of 35 mg/dL is above the expected reference range of 10-20 mg/dL and indicates
dehydration, which is a complication of enteral feedings. The nurse should report this lab value
to the provider.
A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which of the following
disorders should the nurse identify as increasing the client's metabolic needs? (Select all that
apply)
A. COPD
B. Hypothyroidism
C. Cancer
D. Parkinson's disease
E. Major burns - ANS-A. COPD, C. Cancer, D. Parkinson's disease, E. Major burns
Clients who have COPD develop hypermetabolism as a result of the increased amount of
energy used to breathe. Cancer can cause a number of metabolic changes, including
hypermetabolism as a result of the tumor growth. Clients who have Parkinson's disease develop
hypermetabolism because they burn calories due to muscular rigidity. Finally, client who have
major burns develop severe metabolic stress, which includes hypermetabolism and
hypercatabolism.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has gout and urolithiasis. The client asks how to
prevent future uric acid stones. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse provide?
(Select all that apply)
A. Take allopurinol as prescribed
B. Exercise several times a week
C. Limit intake of foods high in purine
D. Decrease daily fluid intake
E. Avoid citrus juices - ANS-A. Take allopurinol as prescribed, B. Exercise several times a week,
C. Limit intake of foods high in purine
The nurse should inform the client that allopurinol is an antigout medication that reduces uric
acid, which helps prevent uric acid stone formation. Immobility is a risk factor for stone
formation; therefore, the client should maintain a healthy lifestyle, including regular exercise.
,Purine increases the risk of uric acid stone formation; organ meats, poultry, fish, red wine, and
gravy are high in purine.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. The client states, "I
eat pasta every day. I can't imagine giving it up." Which of the following responses should the
nurse provide?
A. "Let's discuss this with your doctor; giving up daily pasta may not be necessary."
B. "Is there another favorite dish you can substitute?"
C. "You don't have to give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat."
D. "You can use no-added-salt tomato products on your pasta." - ANS-C. "You don't have to
give up pasta; just adjust the amount you eat."
The American Diabetes Association recommends individualizing carbohydrate restriction for
each client. A careful assessment of the client's usual dietary practices and modifications is an
important part of teaching clients to manage this disorder.
A nurse is planning an in-service training session regarding nutrition. Which of the following
mineral should the nurse identify as involved in oxygen transportation?
A. Zinc
B. Iron
C. Phosphorus
D. Magnesium - ANS-B. Iron
Iron transports oxygen by means of hemoglobin and myoglobin. It is also a component of
enzyme systems.
A nurse is teaching a group of client about the functions of the liver and gallbladder. Which of
the following should the nurse include in the teaching as the purpose of bile?
A. Digesting fats
B. Producing chime
C. Stimulating gastric acid secretion
D. Providing energy - ANS-A. Digesting fats
Bile is a product of the liver and aids in the digestion of fats
A nurse is planning an in-service training session about nutrition. Which of the following pieces
of information should the nurse include?
A. Fat breaks down into amino acids.
B. Protein serves as an energy source when other sources are inadequate.
C. Glucose breaks down into ammonia
, D. Carbohydrates provide 9 cal/g of energy - ANS-B. Protein serves as an energy source when
other sources are inadequate
Protein is used as an energy source for the body when carbohydrates and fat stores are
unavailable or depleted.
A nurse is providing dietary teaching for a client with AIDS who has stomatitis of the mouth.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. "You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth."
B. "Season food with spices instead of salt."
C. "Avoid the use of a straw to drink liquids."
D. "Eat foods at hot temperatures." - ANS-A. "You can suck on popsicles to numb your mouth."
The nurse should instruct the client to suck on popsicles or ice chips, which can numb the
mouth.
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving radiation therapy for breast cancer and reports a
metallic taste in the mouth. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse
share with the client?
A. Eat with metal utensils
B. Limit coffee
C. Avoid citrus foods
D. Offer mints - ANS-D. Offer mints
The nurse should encourage the client to suck on mints, which can overcome the metallic taste
the client is experiencing as a result of the radiation therapy.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has COPD about maintaining proper nutrition.
Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
A. "I will increase my fluid intake when I eat a meal."
B. "I will eat more cold foods at meals rather than hot foods."
C. "I will avoid high0fat foods like butter and gravies."
D. "I will cook my meals instead of eating convenience foods." - ANS-B. "I will eat more cold
foods at meals rather than hot foods."
The client should prepare more cold foods to eat because they provide a decreased feeling of
fullness compared to hot foods.
A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative following a gastrectomy. Which of the
following strategies should the nurse include to help prevent dumping syndrome?
