IUPUI K356 EXAM 4 LATEST
Niche - ANSWERS-Habitat that an organism lives in. Includes location,
available nutrients and what it interacts with.
Biogeochemical Cycling - ANSWERS-The cycling of nutrients in the
environment.
Carbon Cycle - ANSWERS-Organics <-> CO2 <-> CH4.
Microbial Mat - ANSWERS-Layers of microbes.
Environmental Genomics - ANSWERS-Only 1% of microbes can be
cultivated in the lab, so we take a 'census' of genes that are in the
environment. Marine microbiology has benefitted from this by
discovering novel genes.
Mutualism - ANSWERS-Two organisms that are dependent on each
other. They would die without each other.
Cooperation - ANSWERS-Two organisms that benefit from each other,
but they could survive without each other.
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, IUPUI K356 EXAM 4 LATEST
Commensalism - ANSWERS-Two organisms: One benefits and the
other is indifferent. Example: An organism feeds off the waste of
another.
Predation - ANSWERS-One organism attacks and KILLS the other.
Parasitism - ANSWERS-Two organisms: one benefits and the other is
harmed.
Amensalism - ANSWERS-Two organisms: one adversely affects the
other, but the first organism is neither harmed nor benefitted. Example:
bacteria make antibiotics that harm or kill others.
Competition - ANSWERS-Organisms that compete in the same niche
for the same nutrients.
Skin - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. This is our
protective barrier: acidic and salty. Gram+ bacteria (Staph. epidermidis)
and yeasts and Gram- in moist areas.
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2
, IUPUI K356 EXAM 4 LATEST
Nose - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Similar to
skin. Staph. aureus, Haemophilus influenza, Neisseria meningitides live
here.
Eye - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Normally
sterile, but some bacteria live on the conjunctiva. Staph. epidermidis and
Haemophilus live here.
Ear (external) - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria.
Similar to skin. Staph. and some fungus live here.
Respiratory Tract - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria.
Normally sterile due to mechanical intervention (Sharp turn where large
stuff gets stuck) and mucociliary escalator (Pushes stuff up and out of
the trachea).
Mouth - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Warm,
moist, nutrient-rich and good pH. Over 500 different species identified
that live here.
Stomach - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Low pH.
Less than 10 viable microbes per mL. *Helicobacter pylori*: Can
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3
Niche - ANSWERS-Habitat that an organism lives in. Includes location,
available nutrients and what it interacts with.
Biogeochemical Cycling - ANSWERS-The cycling of nutrients in the
environment.
Carbon Cycle - ANSWERS-Organics <-> CO2 <-> CH4.
Microbial Mat - ANSWERS-Layers of microbes.
Environmental Genomics - ANSWERS-Only 1% of microbes can be
cultivated in the lab, so we take a 'census' of genes that are in the
environment. Marine microbiology has benefitted from this by
discovering novel genes.
Mutualism - ANSWERS-Two organisms that are dependent on each
other. They would die without each other.
Cooperation - ANSWERS-Two organisms that benefit from each other,
but they could survive without each other.
END OF
PAGE
1
, IUPUI K356 EXAM 4 LATEST
Commensalism - ANSWERS-Two organisms: One benefits and the
other is indifferent. Example: An organism feeds off the waste of
another.
Predation - ANSWERS-One organism attacks and KILLS the other.
Parasitism - ANSWERS-Two organisms: one benefits and the other is
harmed.
Amensalism - ANSWERS-Two organisms: one adversely affects the
other, but the first organism is neither harmed nor benefitted. Example:
bacteria make antibiotics that harm or kill others.
Competition - ANSWERS-Organisms that compete in the same niche
for the same nutrients.
Skin - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. This is our
protective barrier: acidic and salty. Gram+ bacteria (Staph. epidermidis)
and yeasts and Gram- in moist areas.
END OF
PAGE
2
, IUPUI K356 EXAM 4 LATEST
Nose - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Similar to
skin. Staph. aureus, Haemophilus influenza, Neisseria meningitides live
here.
Eye - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Normally
sterile, but some bacteria live on the conjunctiva. Staph. epidermidis and
Haemophilus live here.
Ear (external) - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria.
Similar to skin. Staph. and some fungus live here.
Respiratory Tract - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria.
Normally sterile due to mechanical intervention (Sharp turn where large
stuff gets stuck) and mucociliary escalator (Pushes stuff up and out of
the trachea).
Mouth - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Warm,
moist, nutrient-rich and good pH. Over 500 different species identified
that live here.
Stomach - ANSWERS-A human colonization site for bacteria. Low pH.
Less than 10 viable microbes per mL. *Helicobacter pylori*: Can
END OF
PAGE
3
