, CLINICAL GENETICS & CANCER
MED STUDENT MCQ & SAQ
Table Of Contents:
What’s included: A comprehensive set of university-level multiple-choice (MCQ) and short-
answer (SAQ) exam questions covering everything to do with Genetics and Cancer. All
answer keys are provided directly after each quiz so that you can revise and reassess as you
go, helping you learn better and improve retention.
Quizzes in this booklet:
• OVERVIEW OF DNA - COMPOSITION, PACKAGING INTO CHROMOSOMES, AND
REPLICATION
• GENES, GENE EXPRESSION, TRANSCRIPTION, AND TRANSLATION
• CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN SEX DETERMINATION, CHROMOSOMAL ERRORS, AND
ABNORMAL KARYOTYPES
• GENE MUTATIONS, MENDELIAN GENETICS, SEX-LINKED AND MITOCHONDRIAL
INHERITANCE
• AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISORDERS
• CLASSIC AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DISORDERS
• CLASSIC CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS
• CLASSIC X-LINKED DISORDERS
• NEOPLASIA - TERMINOLOGY, CANCER, CELL DEATH, AND CELLULAR AGING
• CANCER PATHOGENESIS - CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINTS, AND CANCER STEM CELL
THEORY
• PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL APPROACHES TO CHEMOTHERAPY
• BREAST CANCER
• COLORECTAL CANCER
,MCQ Quiz: Overview of DNA - Composition, Packaging into Chromosomes, and Replication
1. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Guanine
D. Uracil
2. The sugar found in the backbone of DNA molecules is:
A. Ribose
B. Deoxyribose
C. Glucose
D. Fructose
3. Which of the following correctly describes the structure of DNA?
A. Double helix
B. Single helix
C. Triple helix
D. Quadruple helix
4. In DNA, adenine pairs with:
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Guanine
D. Thymine
5. Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
A. DNA polymerase
B. RNA polymerase
C. DNA helicase
D. DNA ligase
6. What is the primary function of DNA?
A. Energy storage
B. Catalyzing chemical reactions
C. Storing genetic information
D. Providing structural support
7. The process of copying DNA to produce two identical daughter molecules is called:
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Replication
D. Splicing
8. During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing the new DNA
strand?
A. DNA polymerase
B. RNA polymerase
C. DNA helicase
D. DNA ligase
, 9. Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?
A. It occurs in the 5' to 3' direction on both strands simultaneously
B. It occurs in the 3' to 5' direction on both strands simultaneously
C. It occurs in the 5' to 3' direction on one strand and the 3' to 5' direction on
the other strand
D. It occurs in the 3' to 5' direction on one strand and the 5' to 3' direction on
the other strand
10. Which of the following best describes the function of histones in the cell nucleus?
A. DNA replication
B. Transcription
C. Translation
D. DNA packaging
11. Chromosomes are composed of:
A. DNA only
B. DNA and histones
C. DNA and RNA
D. RNA only
12. Which of the following is a characteristic of the lagging strand during DNA
replication?
A. It is synthesized continuously
B. It is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction
C. It is synthesized in short, discontinuous fragments
D. It is synthesized without a primer
MED STUDENT MCQ & SAQ
Table Of Contents:
What’s included: A comprehensive set of university-level multiple-choice (MCQ) and short-
answer (SAQ) exam questions covering everything to do with Genetics and Cancer. All
answer keys are provided directly after each quiz so that you can revise and reassess as you
go, helping you learn better and improve retention.
Quizzes in this booklet:
• OVERVIEW OF DNA - COMPOSITION, PACKAGING INTO CHROMOSOMES, AND
REPLICATION
• GENES, GENE EXPRESSION, TRANSCRIPTION, AND TRANSLATION
• CHROMOSOMES, HUMAN SEX DETERMINATION, CHROMOSOMAL ERRORS, AND
ABNORMAL KARYOTYPES
• GENE MUTATIONS, MENDELIAN GENETICS, SEX-LINKED AND MITOCHONDRIAL
INHERITANCE
• AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DISORDERS
• CLASSIC AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT DISORDERS
• CLASSIC CHROMOSOMAL DISORDERS
• CLASSIC X-LINKED DISORDERS
• NEOPLASIA - TERMINOLOGY, CANCER, CELL DEATH, AND CELLULAR AGING
• CANCER PATHOGENESIS - CELL CYCLE CHECKPOINTS, AND CANCER STEM CELL
THEORY
• PRINCIPLES AND GENERAL APPROACHES TO CHEMOTHERAPY
• BREAST CANCER
• COLORECTAL CANCER
,MCQ Quiz: Overview of DNA - Composition, Packaging into Chromosomes, and Replication
1. Which of the following nitrogenous bases is not found in DNA?
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Guanine
D. Uracil
2. The sugar found in the backbone of DNA molecules is:
A. Ribose
B. Deoxyribose
C. Glucose
D. Fructose
3. Which of the following correctly describes the structure of DNA?
A. Double helix
B. Single helix
C. Triple helix
D. Quadruple helix
4. In DNA, adenine pairs with:
A. Adenine
B. Cytosine
C. Guanine
D. Thymine
5. Which enzyme is responsible for unwinding the DNA double helix during replication?
A. DNA polymerase
B. RNA polymerase
C. DNA helicase
D. DNA ligase
6. What is the primary function of DNA?
A. Energy storage
B. Catalyzing chemical reactions
C. Storing genetic information
D. Providing structural support
7. The process of copying DNA to produce two identical daughter molecules is called:
A. Transcription
B. Translation
C. Replication
D. Splicing
8. During DNA replication, which enzyme is responsible for synthesizing the new DNA
strand?
A. DNA polymerase
B. RNA polymerase
C. DNA helicase
D. DNA ligase
, 9. Which of the following statements about DNA replication is correct?
A. It occurs in the 5' to 3' direction on both strands simultaneously
B. It occurs in the 3' to 5' direction on both strands simultaneously
C. It occurs in the 5' to 3' direction on one strand and the 3' to 5' direction on
the other strand
D. It occurs in the 3' to 5' direction on one strand and the 5' to 3' direction on
the other strand
10. Which of the following best describes the function of histones in the cell nucleus?
A. DNA replication
B. Transcription
C. Translation
D. DNA packaging
11. Chromosomes are composed of:
A. DNA only
B. DNA and histones
C. DNA and RNA
D. RNA only
12. Which of the following is a characteristic of the lagging strand during DNA
replication?
A. It is synthesized continuously
B. It is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction
C. It is synthesized in short, discontinuous fragments
D. It is synthesized without a primer
