Chem 210 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvrw5w
1. SOPBAR: used to find degrees of unsaturation
((2C+2)-H-X+N)/2
2. Resonance Rules: -no breaking single bonds
-do not exceed octet
-keep net charge the same
-try to have full octets (most stable)
3. Resonance Patterns: 1. Lone pair e- next door to pi bond
2. Pi bond next to positive charge
3. Double bond btwn atoms of differing electronegativity (ex: carbonyl)
4. Curved Arrows: show movement of pair of electrons
*start at lone pair or double bond*
5. Hybridization: sp3= tetrahedral, four domains
sp2=trig planar, three domains (double bond counts only as 1)
6. meth: 1 C
7. eth: 2 C
8. prop: 3 C
9. but: 4 C
10. pent: 5 C
11. hex: 6 C
12. hept: 7 C
13. oct: 8 C
14. non: 9 C
15. dec: 10 C
16. IUPAC Naming Rules: 1.substituent-parent-suffix
*suffix is highest priority substituent*
2. Numbers correspond with location on parent chain (longest continuous carbon chain)
3. List substituents alphabetically (tert, sec, di, tri do not count...)
4. Highest priority substituent gets lowest number C
5. Halogens are substituents (will not be suffix)
17. propyl:
1/9
, Chem 210 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvrw5w
18. isopropyl:
19. butyl: 4 C, attached on primary carbon
20. sec-butyl:
21. isobutyl:
22. tert-butyl:
23. phenyl/benzene ring:
24. Newman Projections: staggered=more stable, less strain, lower E
eclipsed= less stable, more strain, higher E
25. Staggered Newman Interactions: anti= 180 degrees btwn C groups
gauche= 60 degrees btwn C groups
*gauche interactions are less stable than anti*
26. Ring stability: small rings are less stable because there is more strain (since C are closer and at unideal
angles)
2/9
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvrw5w
1. SOPBAR: used to find degrees of unsaturation
((2C+2)-H-X+N)/2
2. Resonance Rules: -no breaking single bonds
-do not exceed octet
-keep net charge the same
-try to have full octets (most stable)
3. Resonance Patterns: 1. Lone pair e- next door to pi bond
2. Pi bond next to positive charge
3. Double bond btwn atoms of differing electronegativity (ex: carbonyl)
4. Curved Arrows: show movement of pair of electrons
*start at lone pair or double bond*
5. Hybridization: sp3= tetrahedral, four domains
sp2=trig planar, three domains (double bond counts only as 1)
6. meth: 1 C
7. eth: 2 C
8. prop: 3 C
9. but: 4 C
10. pent: 5 C
11. hex: 6 C
12. hept: 7 C
13. oct: 8 C
14. non: 9 C
15. dec: 10 C
16. IUPAC Naming Rules: 1.substituent-parent-suffix
*suffix is highest priority substituent*
2. Numbers correspond with location on parent chain (longest continuous carbon chain)
3. List substituents alphabetically (tert, sec, di, tri do not count...)
4. Highest priority substituent gets lowest number C
5. Halogens are substituents (will not be suffix)
17. propyl:
1/9
, Chem 210 Final Exam
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_hvrw5w
18. isopropyl:
19. butyl: 4 C, attached on primary carbon
20. sec-butyl:
21. isobutyl:
22. tert-butyl:
23. phenyl/benzene ring:
24. Newman Projections: staggered=more stable, less strain, lower E
eclipsed= less stable, more strain, higher E
25. Staggered Newman Interactions: anti= 180 degrees btwn C groups
gauche= 60 degrees btwn C groups
*gauche interactions are less stable than anti*
26. Ring stability: small rings are less stable because there is more strain (since C are closer and at unideal
angles)
2/9
