WGU D570 COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY EXAM 2025
ITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
1. What term describes individual differences in circadian patterns of activity?
Chronotype
Biological clock
Sleep cycle
Circadian rhythm
2. How does top-down processing differ from bottom-up processing in
perception?
Top-down processing is faster than bottom-up processing in all
cases.
Bottom-up processing is influenced by emotions, while top-down is
not.
Top-down processing relies on prior knowledge, while bottom-up
processing starts with sensory input.
Bottom-up processing is based on learned experiences, while top-
down is instinctual.
3. If the siblings had different preferences for toppings and crust, how could
they apply the trade-off strategy to another food item, like a cake?
One sibling could eat the cake while the other watches.
One sibling could take the frosting while the other takes the cake
base.
,They could argue until one sibling decides to let the other have it.
, They could split the cake evenly without considering preferences.
4. Describe how the post-identification feedback effect can influence a
person's recollection of events.
The effect shows that memories are always accurate and reliable.
The effect only occurs in children and not in adults.
It indicates that memories are unaffected by external suggestions.
The post-identification feedback effect can lead individuals to
incorporate misleading information into their memories, causing
them to believe in events that did not happen.
5. How does Helmholtz's theory of unconscious inference explain the role of
past experiences in shaping perception?
It claims that perception is only affected by immediate sensory data.
It states that perception is entirely objective and not influenced by
past experiences.
It argues that perception is a direct reflection of the external
environment.
It suggests that our perceptions are influenced by unconscious
assumptions derived from previous experiences.
6. What does Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) primarily
measure in the brain?
Structural changes in brain tissue
Brain activity associated with blood flow
Electrical activity of neurons
Neurotransmitter levels
, 7. What is the coordinator of information between working memory areas?
Phonological loop
Visuospatial sketchpad
Central executive
8. Discuss how the limitations of eyewitness testimony can impact legal
proceedings.
Eyewitness testimony is always reliable in court cases.
The limitations of eyewitness testimony have no impact on legal
outcomes.
The limitations of eyewitness testimony can lead to wrongful
convictions due to inaccuracies in recall.
Eyewitness testimony is the most important evidence in all cases.
9. In a high-stress situation, such as an exam, how might cortisol levels affect a
student's ability to recall information?
Cortisol will have no effect on the recall of information during the
exam.
Cortisol will improve overall cognitive function, leading to better
recall of all information.
Cortisol may enhance the recall of emotionally significant
information while impairing the recall of less significant details.
Cortisol will only affect the recall of information learned in the last
hour.
ITH 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS
1. What term describes individual differences in circadian patterns of activity?
Chronotype
Biological clock
Sleep cycle
Circadian rhythm
2. How does top-down processing differ from bottom-up processing in
perception?
Top-down processing is faster than bottom-up processing in all
cases.
Bottom-up processing is influenced by emotions, while top-down is
not.
Top-down processing relies on prior knowledge, while bottom-up
processing starts with sensory input.
Bottom-up processing is based on learned experiences, while top-
down is instinctual.
3. If the siblings had different preferences for toppings and crust, how could
they apply the trade-off strategy to another food item, like a cake?
One sibling could eat the cake while the other watches.
One sibling could take the frosting while the other takes the cake
base.
,They could argue until one sibling decides to let the other have it.
, They could split the cake evenly without considering preferences.
4. Describe how the post-identification feedback effect can influence a
person's recollection of events.
The effect shows that memories are always accurate and reliable.
The effect only occurs in children and not in adults.
It indicates that memories are unaffected by external suggestions.
The post-identification feedback effect can lead individuals to
incorporate misleading information into their memories, causing
them to believe in events that did not happen.
5. How does Helmholtz's theory of unconscious inference explain the role of
past experiences in shaping perception?
It claims that perception is only affected by immediate sensory data.
It states that perception is entirely objective and not influenced by
past experiences.
It argues that perception is a direct reflection of the external
environment.
It suggests that our perceptions are influenced by unconscious
assumptions derived from previous experiences.
6. What does Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) primarily
measure in the brain?
Structural changes in brain tissue
Brain activity associated with blood flow
Electrical activity of neurons
Neurotransmitter levels
, 7. What is the coordinator of information between working memory areas?
Phonological loop
Visuospatial sketchpad
Central executive
8. Discuss how the limitations of eyewitness testimony can impact legal
proceedings.
Eyewitness testimony is always reliable in court cases.
The limitations of eyewitness testimony have no impact on legal
outcomes.
The limitations of eyewitness testimony can lead to wrongful
convictions due to inaccuracies in recall.
Eyewitness testimony is the most important evidence in all cases.
9. In a high-stress situation, such as an exam, how might cortisol levels affect a
student's ability to recall information?
Cortisol will have no effect on the recall of information during the
exam.
Cortisol will improve overall cognitive function, leading to better
recall of all information.
Cortisol may enhance the recall of emotionally significant
information while impairing the recall of less significant details.
Cortisol will only affect the recall of information learned in the last
hour.
