CSU CHEM 103 EXAM 2 2025

CSU CHEM 103 EXAM 2 2025 Air pollution solutions - -drive less, use less, burn less SOx - -SO2-- formed when coal is burned added into water creates sulfuric acid SO3 formed from O2 + SO2 causes sulfuric acid VOC - -Volatile organic compounds Organic compounds that easily become vapors or gasses 5.8*10^-2 - -0.058 PMx - -Particular matter respiratory irritant Reacts with lung tissue depending upon size NOx - -NO2 formed when any combustion occurs, mixed with water and oxygen every time we burn a fuel, creates Nitric Acid NO3 -- pollutant from automobile traffic and coal consumption Indoor pollution - -Radon, asbestos, dust, smoke from cig, CO Hormonal Activity of Prostaglandeins - -Hormones are the ones that end the pain messages, they are the messages sent to each cell Nylon structure - -Condensation reaction of diamine and a dicarboxylic acid Addition Reaction - -A polymerization reaction that requires a free radical initiator- a free electron that wants to be paired World emission of CO2 - -6 Gigatons or 2200 billion pound Us emissions of CO2 - -5,390 million metric tons How does efficiency and conservation help? - -It can reduce Co2 emissions and increasing efficiency is the best way to provide energy How do batteries work? - -Anode ( -): uxidation takes place Cathode ( +): reduction takes place. voltage depends on redox chemistry CSU CHEM 103 CSU CHEM 103 Samples that have different compositions throughout - -Heterogenous mixture O3 - -Ozone - Respiratory irritant reacts with lung tissue O+O2= O3 Global population and Energy Use - -7 billion people 26 EJ to feed the world 533EJ total use 74GH/person China- 1.36 bill- 119 EJ- 88GJ/p India- 1.25 bill- 138 GJ/p EU 507 mill- 70EJ USA- 321 mill- 94 EJ- 293 GJ/p Transcription - -DNA to RNA gives expression, only linking a little section of DNA and use it for protein making, makes an mRNA structure. How are amino acids hooked together to create polypeptides/proteins? - -Condensation Reactions Polypropylene, polystyrene (PVC Structure) - -Propylene (-CH3) methyl side structure Polystyrene (-C6H4) aromatic side chain PVC (-CI) side chain Side chains affect properties of polymers Methyl Group (-CH3) - - RNA - -the molecule on amino acids that connects mRNA to the amino acids by following base pair rules and making nitrogen-- based bonds with mRNA DNA structure - --Deoxyribose -T's go with A's -Whole strand copied 6.62*10^3 - -6620 Cellulose structure - -Beta Link Sheets DNA to RNA to protein - -1. DNA-DNA = replication 2. DNA-RNA = transcription 3. RNA-protein = translation Per Capita Energy - -Per person Total energy/ total people= per person CSU CHEM 103 CSU CHEM 103 CSU CHEM 103 Significance of batteries for energy issues - -Solve energy intermittency problems Addition Polymerization - -A polymer that froms by simple linking of monomers w/o the co-generation of other products. Energy per yer produces by 1 GW power plant - -0.0315 EJ/ year Free Radical - -Electron that wants to be paired Prostaglandins - -Synthesized in the body in response to ingury, produces by a enzymatic transformation of architectonic acid Dry air - -No water in it How do you name a peptide polymer correctly? Al-The-Plan - -Beginning: free amino- NH2 Middle: between two amide groups End: Free - Oh Group Air pollutants - -NO2, So2, O3, VOC (volatile organic compounds) PMx ( particular matter respiratory irritant) COx-2 - -Responsible for propagandists production (inflammation, pain, and fever) Silk structure - -Beta-Sheets Synthetic Polymers - -Made by human devised synthetic process, produces from oil ( low weight petrochemical) sometimes called plastics Cyclo-Oxygeuase ( COX) - -A type of enzyme that causes Swelling , fever, and blood, vessel dilation by forming propagandis Fat- soluble vitamins - -Can store up in your body, too much is not good, able to tell by non-polar fatty chain NASIDs as COx inhibitors - -NASIDs bind to the enzyme's active sight blocking the ouch signal from the COx-2 Ribosome - -Sight of where translation happens Vitamins - -Essential molecules we can not process in our body, so we need to include them in diet, some fat soluble, some water soluble Saturated fats - -can pack well, thats why they are solid trans isome