NMTCB Board Prep UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Nuclides with the same atomic number ( the same num-
ber of protons) but a different number of neutrons are isotopes
called:
Two nuclides with the same atomic mass but different
isobars
atomic numbers are called:
A nuclide that emits particulate or photon energy to
radionuclide
achieve a more stable state:
Another name for a helium ion containing two protons
alpha particle
and two neutrons:
What is a beta particle? an electron
They do not eflciently exit the body, so they can not/ are
Why are alpha and beta particles not used for imaging?
hard to detect
A low proton-to-neutron ratio, as compared with stable
What ratio of protons and neutrons favors beta decay?
nuclei
What is the relationship between the mean energy and
The mean energy is about one-third of the max energy
the maximum energy of a beta spectrum?
What ratio of protons and neutrons favors positron decay? A high proton-to-neutron ratio
What two particles are emitted from the nucleus during
A beta particle and an antineutrino
beta decay?
Two nuclides with the same number of neutrons but dif-
Isotones
ferent atomic numbers are called:
What particles are released from the nucleus during
A positron and a neutrino
positron decay?
What is the minimum amount of nuclear energy needed
1.02 MeV
required for positron decay?
To travel a short distance, combine with an electron, and
What is the fate of a positron?
,be annihilated
,When a positron is annihilated via combination with an
two nearly opposed 511-keV photons
electron, the result is the production of .
What ratio of protons and neutrons favors electron cap-
A high proton-to-neutron ratio
ture decay?
What particle is released from the nucleus during electron
A neutrino
capture decay?
What is released from the nucleus during isometric tran-
Gamma rays
sition?
X-rays are produced from energy released due to changes
Other than wavelength, frequency, and energy intensity,
in the quantum levels/values of orbital electrons of an
the fundamental difference between x-rays and gamma
atom, while gamma rays are produced from energy shifts
rays is .
within the nucleus
When energy from a nuclear transition results in the emis-
sion of an orbital electron rather than a gamma ray, this internal conversion
processes is called:
Internal conversion electrons increase the radiation dose energy from the electron is absorbed into the patients
to the patient because . body
When energy from an orbital transition results in the
emission of an orbital electron rather than an x-ray, the an Auger electron
electron is called .
What dose the term metastable mean? When an isomeric state is long lived
Outer shell electrons release energy by moving to now
After an electron is ejected from an inner shell orbital, unoccupied, less energetic inner orbitals; the energy re-
what occurs? leased by this transition is termed "characteristic of x-ray
radiation"
What are the two methods used to create synthetically Radioactive materials are produced by bombarding a tar-
radioactive materials? get material with either ions or with neutrons
What is used to bombard elements with neutrons? nuclear reactor
, What is used to bombard elements with protons? accelerator (linear or cyclotron)
What are five cyclotron produced radionuclides? In-111, I-123, Ga-67, F-18, and Tl-201
A radioisotope that does not contain any nonradioactive
What is a carrier-free radioisotope?
species
What does the term activity mean? The rate of disintegration of a radionuclide
The unit of activity equivalent to 3.7 x 10^10 dps is called
the curie
.
The derived unit of radioactivity used by modern metric
What is a becquerel (Bq)? system, the SI, is called the becquerel. The Bq is equal to
one dps or 2.7027 x 10^-11 Ci.
A one-millicurie dose of a radiopharmaceutical is equal to
37 million (37 MBq)
how many becquerels?
What does the term specific activity mean? The ratio of activity per unit mass
What are some specific activities? mCi/mg, mCi/mole, MBq/mg, or MBq/mole
The time that it takes for a radionuclide to decay to
one-half of its original activity is call its physical
half-life.
What is the relationship between the physical half-life and
Their product equals 0.693
the decay constant?
The time that is required for a substance in the body to be
reduced to half of its concentration via biological excretion biological
or metabolism is called its half-life.
Which type of half-life refers to the overall loss of radioac-
effective half-life
tivity from the body due to physical and biological decay?
What is the relationship between the effective half-life, 1/ physical half-life + 1/biological half-life = 1/effective
biological half-life, and physical half-life? half-life
Mo99/Tc99m
Answers
Nuclides with the same atomic number ( the same num-
ber of protons) but a different number of neutrons are isotopes
called:
Two nuclides with the same atomic mass but different
isobars
atomic numbers are called:
A nuclide that emits particulate or photon energy to
radionuclide
achieve a more stable state:
Another name for a helium ion containing two protons
alpha particle
and two neutrons:
What is a beta particle? an electron
They do not eflciently exit the body, so they can not/ are
Why are alpha and beta particles not used for imaging?
hard to detect
A low proton-to-neutron ratio, as compared with stable
What ratio of protons and neutrons favors beta decay?
nuclei
What is the relationship between the mean energy and
The mean energy is about one-third of the max energy
the maximum energy of a beta spectrum?
What ratio of protons and neutrons favors positron decay? A high proton-to-neutron ratio
What two particles are emitted from the nucleus during
A beta particle and an antineutrino
beta decay?
Two nuclides with the same number of neutrons but dif-
Isotones
ferent atomic numbers are called:
What particles are released from the nucleus during
A positron and a neutrino
positron decay?
What is the minimum amount of nuclear energy needed
1.02 MeV
required for positron decay?
To travel a short distance, combine with an electron, and
What is the fate of a positron?
,be annihilated
,When a positron is annihilated via combination with an
two nearly opposed 511-keV photons
electron, the result is the production of .
What ratio of protons and neutrons favors electron cap-
A high proton-to-neutron ratio
ture decay?
What particle is released from the nucleus during electron
A neutrino
capture decay?
What is released from the nucleus during isometric tran-
Gamma rays
sition?
X-rays are produced from energy released due to changes
Other than wavelength, frequency, and energy intensity,
in the quantum levels/values of orbital electrons of an
the fundamental difference between x-rays and gamma
atom, while gamma rays are produced from energy shifts
rays is .
within the nucleus
When energy from a nuclear transition results in the emis-
sion of an orbital electron rather than a gamma ray, this internal conversion
processes is called:
Internal conversion electrons increase the radiation dose energy from the electron is absorbed into the patients
to the patient because . body
When energy from an orbital transition results in the
emission of an orbital electron rather than an x-ray, the an Auger electron
electron is called .
What dose the term metastable mean? When an isomeric state is long lived
Outer shell electrons release energy by moving to now
After an electron is ejected from an inner shell orbital, unoccupied, less energetic inner orbitals; the energy re-
what occurs? leased by this transition is termed "characteristic of x-ray
radiation"
What are the two methods used to create synthetically Radioactive materials are produced by bombarding a tar-
radioactive materials? get material with either ions or with neutrons
What is used to bombard elements with neutrons? nuclear reactor
, What is used to bombard elements with protons? accelerator (linear or cyclotron)
What are five cyclotron produced radionuclides? In-111, I-123, Ga-67, F-18, and Tl-201
A radioisotope that does not contain any nonradioactive
What is a carrier-free radioisotope?
species
What does the term activity mean? The rate of disintegration of a radionuclide
The unit of activity equivalent to 3.7 x 10^10 dps is called
the curie
.
The derived unit of radioactivity used by modern metric
What is a becquerel (Bq)? system, the SI, is called the becquerel. The Bq is equal to
one dps or 2.7027 x 10^-11 Ci.
A one-millicurie dose of a radiopharmaceutical is equal to
37 million (37 MBq)
how many becquerels?
What does the term specific activity mean? The ratio of activity per unit mass
What are some specific activities? mCi/mg, mCi/mole, MBq/mg, or MBq/mole
The time that it takes for a radionuclide to decay to
one-half of its original activity is call its physical
half-life.
What is the relationship between the physical half-life and
Their product equals 0.693
the decay constant?
The time that is required for a substance in the body to be
reduced to half of its concentration via biological excretion biological
or metabolism is called its half-life.
Which type of half-life refers to the overall loss of radioac-
effective half-life
tivity from the body due to physical and biological decay?
What is the relationship between the effective half-life, 1/ physical half-life + 1/biological half-life = 1/effective
biological half-life, and physical half-life? half-life
Mo99/Tc99m
