U.S. Government Exam Review
What is the purpose of government? correct answer Protect, maintain public order, resolve social conflicts,
responsibility for a stable economy, and provide public services. Limited Government correct answer A system in
which government's powers are restricted and individuals' rights are protected. Declaration of Independence correct
answer Written by Thomas Jefferson, Declares Independence, List of complaints against Britain,expresses enduring
beliefs of American society. Defines liberty, order, equality, democracy, and justice. John Locke correct answer
Enlightenment philosopher who wrote the "Second Treaties of Government", greatly influenced the Declaration of
Independence. Principles:Natural Rights and Consent of The Governed. Supremacy Clause and changes correct
answer Created to keep elastic clause from being stretched, and to restrict governmental powers. Overlooked during
McCulloch VS. Maryland case. During the civil war, supremacy clause guaranteed that the union could not be
dissolved. Unitary System correct answer A form of government in which all powers of the government are held by a
single unit or agency. Federal System correct answer A form of government in which governmental powers are divided
between a central authority and a number of regional political subdivisions. Confederacy correct answer A political
system in which a weak central government has limited authority, and the states have all of the power. Socialism
correct answer The economic system that advocates government ownership of the means of products. Capitalism
correct answer An economic system characterized by open competition in a free market and based on private
ownership. Communism correct answer A system of government in which the state controls the means of production.
Parliamentary Government correct answer A form of government in which the executive leaders are chosen by and
responsible to the legislature. Presidential Government correct answer A form of government in which the legislative
and executive branches are separate and function independently. Democracy correct answer A system of government
by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representatives. Direct Democracy correct answer A
democratic system of government in which all citizens participate in politics and decision-making. Representative
Democracy correct answer A democratic system of government in which policies are made by officials accountable to
the people who elected them. Dictatorship correct answer A form of government in which an absolute ruler controls
the power, often through fear or force, and ignores the will of the people. Monarchy correct answer A government in
which the ruler's power is hereditary. Popular Sovereignty correct answer The fundamental principle that the power to
govern belongs to the people and that the government must be based on the consent of the governed. Second
Treaties of Government correct answer Written by John Locke, and expresses enlightenment philosophy and the
principles of the consent of the governed and natural rights. Checks and Balances correct answer A system in which
the political power is divided among the three branches of government, each having some control over the others.
Preamble correct answer Lists the six goals of government: form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure
domestic peace, provide for common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure liberty. First Amendment
correct answer Freedom of speech and press including pure speech, speech plus, symbolic speech, and flag burning.
Second Amendment correct answer Right to bear arms Tenth Amendment correct answer Powers of states and
people Fourteenth Amendment correct answer Citizenship and Civil Rights Fifteenth Amendment correct answer
Right to Vote Seventeenth Amendment correct answer Direct election of senators Nineteenth Amendment correct
answer Women's suffer age Twenty-First Amendment correct answer Repeal of prohibition Twenty-Fourth
Amendment correct answer Abolition of poll taxes Twenty-Sixth Amendment correct answer18-year-old right to vote
Original Method of Electing House Members correct answer Originally, members of the Senate were selected by the
state legislatures for staggered 6 year terms, in accordance with Article 1, Section 3 of the Constitution. Reserved
Powers correct answer The powers that the constitution sets aside for the state governments. Powers Denied to the
States (Delegated powers) correct answer The powers, also called enumerated or expressed powers, that are
specifically granted to the federal government by the constitution. Sovereignty correct answer The authority of a
nation-state's right to rule itself. Federalists correct answer Supporters of a strong central government, as described in
the constitution. Anti-Federalists correct answer Those who opposed the adoption of the constitution. Due Process
correct answer The principle, guaranteed in the constitution, that the state and federal governments must not deprive
an individual of life, liberty, or property by unfair or unreasonable actions. American Disabilities Act correct answer
, passed in 1990, extends many of the protections established for racial minorities and women to disabled persons.
Disabled described as having a physical or mental impairment that limits one or more major activities of life. Bill of
Rights (Limiting Government Power) correct answer Added to the constitution in 1791, this keeps the national
government from limiting personal freedoms. Vietnam War (Influence on the Constitution) correct answer... Recall
correct answer The process by which voters can vote to remove the public official from office. Referendum correct
answer The process by which a proposed public measure is voted upon. Initiative correct answer the process by
which citizens can propose a law or state constitutional amendment to be voted upon in an election. Eminent Domain
correct answer The governments right to take control of private property for public use. Double Jeopardy correct
answer The act of bringing a person to trial a second time for the same crime. Total Number of Amendments correct
answer27 Representative Government correct answer A system in which policies are made by officials accountable to
the people who elected them. Concurrent Powers correct answer The powers that both national and state
governments have. Great Compromise correct answer Congress is bicameral, there are two senators per state and
representatives by population in the House of representatives. Republic correct answerA democracy in which the
Supreme power lies with the citizens to vote for officials and representatives responsible to them. Weaknesses of the
Articles of Confederation correct answer The balance between liberty and order tilted too far to the side of Liberty and
as a result the country sink into turmoil and chaos. State Constitution correct answer Organize a militia in a time of
need, elections of all public officials, set up voting procedures and polling places. Property Taxes correct tax on land
and buildings, usually levied by local government. State Taxes correct answer Taxes set by local and state
governments on purchased items, annual income, and licenses. Jim Crow Laws correct answer Stat and local laws
that discriminated against African-Americans and supported segregation. Privatization correct answer... Weak Mayor
Council Plan correct answer Few budgetary, veto, or appointment powers. Mayor must often share executive authority
with boards and commission. Little influence on city council. Strong of Mayor Council Plan correct answer Mayor has
the power to propose the city budget and to veto ordinances passed by council. Has the authority to appoint and
remove heads of city departments. Council-Manager Plan correct answer Voters elect the city council who passes
ordinances, and appoints department heads and city managers. City managers oversee the departments Commission
Plan correct answer Voters elect commissioners that serve as department heads, and also pass ordinances. Voter
Behavior correct answer Voters will join a political party, the most common are Democratic, Republican, and
Independent. Voters are allowed to and will change their political party at anytime. Those whom support a party may
donate money, encourage others to join, and attend party meeting. Political Ideology correct answer Political attitudes
influenced by family, gender, religion, race or ethnicity, education, and region. Differences between Democrats and
Republicans correct answer Democrats work to create equality, want social security, are considered liberals, are more
humanitarian, levy higher taxes, are for government regulations and are pro-choice. Republicans dont want guns,
believe you earn what you work for, don't support welfare, don't force integration, are considered to be conservatives,
want traditional values, only assist countries of NATO and the UN, and are for the death penalty. Primaries correct
answer A nominating election held in the spring in which all party members may vote to choose the party's candidate
for the general election. Open Primaries correct answer A type of direct primary in which voters may choose on
election day the party primary they want to vote in. Closed Primaries correct answer A type of direct primary in which
only registered party members may vote. Voter Regulations correct answer A person must have at least three months
of U.S. citizenship, must be at least 18-years-old, state citizenship of at least 10 days, and must register to vote.
National Conventions (Political Parties) correct answer A group of people organized to influence government
throughout winning elections and setting public policy. Split Ticket Voting correct answer A vote for candidates of more
than one party in the same election. Political Participation (Examples) correct answer Watching the campaign on
television, voting in the campaign, reading magazines about the campaign,influence the vote of others, wearing a
campaign button or sticker, give money, attend a meeting, or work for a party or candidate. Campaign Costs and
Candidate Spending correct answer National campaigns are more expensive than local campaigns. Most candidates
spend their money on mass media. Political Party correct answer A group of people with similar believes and ideas,
who try to influence the government through multiple political ways. Citizenship Requirements correct answer There
are three ways to become a U.S. citizen: natural born, naturalization, being born and traveling abroad. Mass Media
and Candidates Usage correct answer Candidates use mass media to influence the voters through newspapers,
magazines, radio, television, and the internet. General Election correct answer A regularly scheduled election in which
What is the purpose of government? correct answer Protect, maintain public order, resolve social conflicts,
responsibility for a stable economy, and provide public services. Limited Government correct answer A system in
which government's powers are restricted and individuals' rights are protected. Declaration of Independence correct
answer Written by Thomas Jefferson, Declares Independence, List of complaints against Britain,expresses enduring
beliefs of American society. Defines liberty, order, equality, democracy, and justice. John Locke correct answer
Enlightenment philosopher who wrote the "Second Treaties of Government", greatly influenced the Declaration of
Independence. Principles:Natural Rights and Consent of The Governed. Supremacy Clause and changes correct
answer Created to keep elastic clause from being stretched, and to restrict governmental powers. Overlooked during
McCulloch VS. Maryland case. During the civil war, supremacy clause guaranteed that the union could not be
dissolved. Unitary System correct answer A form of government in which all powers of the government are held by a
single unit or agency. Federal System correct answer A form of government in which governmental powers are divided
between a central authority and a number of regional political subdivisions. Confederacy correct answer A political
system in which a weak central government has limited authority, and the states have all of the power. Socialism
correct answer The economic system that advocates government ownership of the means of products. Capitalism
correct answer An economic system characterized by open competition in a free market and based on private
ownership. Communism correct answer A system of government in which the state controls the means of production.
Parliamentary Government correct answer A form of government in which the executive leaders are chosen by and
responsible to the legislature. Presidential Government correct answer A form of government in which the legislative
and executive branches are separate and function independently. Democracy correct answer A system of government
by the people, exercised either directly or through elected representatives. Direct Democracy correct answer A
democratic system of government in which all citizens participate in politics and decision-making. Representative
Democracy correct answer A democratic system of government in which policies are made by officials accountable to
the people who elected them. Dictatorship correct answer A form of government in which an absolute ruler controls
the power, often through fear or force, and ignores the will of the people. Monarchy correct answer A government in
which the ruler's power is hereditary. Popular Sovereignty correct answer The fundamental principle that the power to
govern belongs to the people and that the government must be based on the consent of the governed. Second
Treaties of Government correct answer Written by John Locke, and expresses enlightenment philosophy and the
principles of the consent of the governed and natural rights. Checks and Balances correct answer A system in which
the political power is divided among the three branches of government, each having some control over the others.
Preamble correct answer Lists the six goals of government: form a more perfect union, establish justice, ensure
domestic peace, provide for common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure liberty. First Amendment
correct answer Freedom of speech and press including pure speech, speech plus, symbolic speech, and flag burning.
Second Amendment correct answer Right to bear arms Tenth Amendment correct answer Powers of states and
people Fourteenth Amendment correct answer Citizenship and Civil Rights Fifteenth Amendment correct answer
Right to Vote Seventeenth Amendment correct answer Direct election of senators Nineteenth Amendment correct
answer Women's suffer age Twenty-First Amendment correct answer Repeal of prohibition Twenty-Fourth
Amendment correct answer Abolition of poll taxes Twenty-Sixth Amendment correct answer18-year-old right to vote
Original Method of Electing House Members correct answer Originally, members of the Senate were selected by the
state legislatures for staggered 6 year terms, in accordance with Article 1, Section 3 of the Constitution. Reserved
Powers correct answer The powers that the constitution sets aside for the state governments. Powers Denied to the
States (Delegated powers) correct answer The powers, also called enumerated or expressed powers, that are
specifically granted to the federal government by the constitution. Sovereignty correct answer The authority of a
nation-state's right to rule itself. Federalists correct answer Supporters of a strong central government, as described in
the constitution. Anti-Federalists correct answer Those who opposed the adoption of the constitution. Due Process
correct answer The principle, guaranteed in the constitution, that the state and federal governments must not deprive
an individual of life, liberty, or property by unfair or unreasonable actions. American Disabilities Act correct answer
, passed in 1990, extends many of the protections established for racial minorities and women to disabled persons.
Disabled described as having a physical or mental impairment that limits one or more major activities of life. Bill of
Rights (Limiting Government Power) correct answer Added to the constitution in 1791, this keeps the national
government from limiting personal freedoms. Vietnam War (Influence on the Constitution) correct answer... Recall
correct answer The process by which voters can vote to remove the public official from office. Referendum correct
answer The process by which a proposed public measure is voted upon. Initiative correct answer the process by
which citizens can propose a law or state constitutional amendment to be voted upon in an election. Eminent Domain
correct answer The governments right to take control of private property for public use. Double Jeopardy correct
answer The act of bringing a person to trial a second time for the same crime. Total Number of Amendments correct
answer27 Representative Government correct answer A system in which policies are made by officials accountable to
the people who elected them. Concurrent Powers correct answer The powers that both national and state
governments have. Great Compromise correct answer Congress is bicameral, there are two senators per state and
representatives by population in the House of representatives. Republic correct answerA democracy in which the
Supreme power lies with the citizens to vote for officials and representatives responsible to them. Weaknesses of the
Articles of Confederation correct answer The balance between liberty and order tilted too far to the side of Liberty and
as a result the country sink into turmoil and chaos. State Constitution correct answer Organize a militia in a time of
need, elections of all public officials, set up voting procedures and polling places. Property Taxes correct tax on land
and buildings, usually levied by local government. State Taxes correct answer Taxes set by local and state
governments on purchased items, annual income, and licenses. Jim Crow Laws correct answer Stat and local laws
that discriminated against African-Americans and supported segregation. Privatization correct answer... Weak Mayor
Council Plan correct answer Few budgetary, veto, or appointment powers. Mayor must often share executive authority
with boards and commission. Little influence on city council. Strong of Mayor Council Plan correct answer Mayor has
the power to propose the city budget and to veto ordinances passed by council. Has the authority to appoint and
remove heads of city departments. Council-Manager Plan correct answer Voters elect the city council who passes
ordinances, and appoints department heads and city managers. City managers oversee the departments Commission
Plan correct answer Voters elect commissioners that serve as department heads, and also pass ordinances. Voter
Behavior correct answer Voters will join a political party, the most common are Democratic, Republican, and
Independent. Voters are allowed to and will change their political party at anytime. Those whom support a party may
donate money, encourage others to join, and attend party meeting. Political Ideology correct answer Political attitudes
influenced by family, gender, religion, race or ethnicity, education, and region. Differences between Democrats and
Republicans correct answer Democrats work to create equality, want social security, are considered liberals, are more
humanitarian, levy higher taxes, are for government regulations and are pro-choice. Republicans dont want guns,
believe you earn what you work for, don't support welfare, don't force integration, are considered to be conservatives,
want traditional values, only assist countries of NATO and the UN, and are for the death penalty. Primaries correct
answer A nominating election held in the spring in which all party members may vote to choose the party's candidate
for the general election. Open Primaries correct answer A type of direct primary in which voters may choose on
election day the party primary they want to vote in. Closed Primaries correct answer A type of direct primary in which
only registered party members may vote. Voter Regulations correct answer A person must have at least three months
of U.S. citizenship, must be at least 18-years-old, state citizenship of at least 10 days, and must register to vote.
National Conventions (Political Parties) correct answer A group of people organized to influence government
throughout winning elections and setting public policy. Split Ticket Voting correct answer A vote for candidates of more
than one party in the same election. Political Participation (Examples) correct answer Watching the campaign on
television, voting in the campaign, reading magazines about the campaign,influence the vote of others, wearing a
campaign button or sticker, give money, attend a meeting, or work for a party or candidate. Campaign Costs and
Candidate Spending correct answer National campaigns are more expensive than local campaigns. Most candidates
spend their money on mass media. Political Party correct answer A group of people with similar believes and ideas,
who try to influence the government through multiple political ways. Citizenship Requirements correct answer There
are three ways to become a U.S. citizen: natural born, naturalization, being born and traveling abroad. Mass Media
and Candidates Usage correct answer Candidates use mass media to influence the voters through newspapers,
magazines, radio, television, and the internet. General Election correct answer A regularly scheduled election in which
