EEOB 3310 Exam 4 Questions With
Correct Answers
Why |Study |Phylogenetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Past |couple |of |decades, |Phylogenetics |has |
revolutionized |the |study |of |evolution. |The |comparative |framework |allows |us |to |understand |
evolutionary |processes, |relationships |among |organisms, |prospect |for |biologically |important |
molecules, |understand |pathogens, |and |subsequently |developed |cures |for |disease
These |frameworks |are |also |helpful |for |understanding |ag |systems |(origins |of |domestic |crops |
and |increasing |genetic |diversity |for |important |plants. |also |domestic |animals)
Phylogenetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Discovery |of |evolutionary |relationships |and |histories. |
Understanding |relationships |is |critical |to |testing |ideas |about |processes. |
Darwins |principle |of |"Common |descent"- |he |was |the |first |to |think |of |evolution |in |a |tree |like |
pattern |in |the |Origin |of |Species |which |explained |evolutionary |pattern |of |speciation
Things |look |alike |because |they're |related |to |one |another |through |common |descent. |Things |
look |more |similar |if |they |are |more |closely |related
Relationships |are |divergent |or |linear
Goal |of |Phylogenetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-To |discover |the |shared |ancestry |of |organisms |
and |to |identify |historical |communities |of |descent |(clades) |characterized |by |shared |features
Cladogenesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Branching |relationships |reflect |the |patterns |that |
generate |diversity |
Pattern=phylogeny
Anagenesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Linear |relationship |reflects |change |over |time |that |does |
not |generate |new |species |(no |speciation)
, Gene |Flow |within |Population |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Each |offspring |has |2 |parents |whose |
genes |are |combined |in |it. |The |overall |pattern |is |netlike |not |divergent. |Restricting |gene |flow |
may |lead |to |divergence.
Not |really |a |problem |for |distantly |related |taxa |(among |genera, |families, |or |higher |orders), |
which |do |tend |to |be |divergent
Phylogeny |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Usually |represents |historical |pattern |of |branching |descent |
for |populations, |species, |genera, |families, |etc. |
Branching |relationships |of |taxa |(plural |taxon)
Represents |the |hypothesis |of |relationships |through |whatever |method |of |analysis |is |used |to |
generate |the |phylogeny
Can |perhaps |see |the |rate |of |speciation
Gene |Trees |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Represent |genealogical |relationships |for |a |single |locus
Coalescence |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Tracing |ancestry |of |gene |copies |(alleles) |back |in |time
Where |there |is |a |common |location |of |gene |copies |when |tracing |back |from |two |or |more |gene |
copies
Amenable |to |mathematical |modeling.
End |result |is |approximation |of |gene |trees |which |can |be |used |to |estimate |species |of |trees
Depends |on |the |demographics |of |a |population. |In |a |small |population |with |constant |size |or |a |
shrinking |population |coalescent |is |recent. |Coalescence |occurs |father |back |in |a |large |population
|or |a |growing |population
Taxon |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |group |of |one |or |more |populations |classified |as |a |unit. |
Populations, |species, |genera, |families, |etc.
Individuals |are |also |referred |to |as |taxa
Correct Answers
Why |Study |Phylogenetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Past |couple |of |decades, |Phylogenetics |has |
revolutionized |the |study |of |evolution. |The |comparative |framework |allows |us |to |understand |
evolutionary |processes, |relationships |among |organisms, |prospect |for |biologically |important |
molecules, |understand |pathogens, |and |subsequently |developed |cures |for |disease
These |frameworks |are |also |helpful |for |understanding |ag |systems |(origins |of |domestic |crops |
and |increasing |genetic |diversity |for |important |plants. |also |domestic |animals)
Phylogenetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Discovery |of |evolutionary |relationships |and |histories. |
Understanding |relationships |is |critical |to |testing |ideas |about |processes. |
Darwins |principle |of |"Common |descent"- |he |was |the |first |to |think |of |evolution |in |a |tree |like |
pattern |in |the |Origin |of |Species |which |explained |evolutionary |pattern |of |speciation
Things |look |alike |because |they're |related |to |one |another |through |common |descent. |Things |
look |more |similar |if |they |are |more |closely |related
Relationships |are |divergent |or |linear
Goal |of |Phylogenetics |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-To |discover |the |shared |ancestry |of |organisms |
and |to |identify |historical |communities |of |descent |(clades) |characterized |by |shared |features
Cladogenesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Branching |relationships |reflect |the |patterns |that |
generate |diversity |
Pattern=phylogeny
Anagenesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Linear |relationship |reflects |change |over |time |that |does |
not |generate |new |species |(no |speciation)
, Gene |Flow |within |Population |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Each |offspring |has |2 |parents |whose |
genes |are |combined |in |it. |The |overall |pattern |is |netlike |not |divergent. |Restricting |gene |flow |
may |lead |to |divergence.
Not |really |a |problem |for |distantly |related |taxa |(among |genera, |families, |or |higher |orders), |
which |do |tend |to |be |divergent
Phylogeny |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Usually |represents |historical |pattern |of |branching |descent |
for |populations, |species, |genera, |families, |etc. |
Branching |relationships |of |taxa |(plural |taxon)
Represents |the |hypothesis |of |relationships |through |whatever |method |of |analysis |is |used |to |
generate |the |phylogeny
Can |perhaps |see |the |rate |of |speciation
Gene |Trees |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Represent |genealogical |relationships |for |a |single |locus
Coalescence |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Tracing |ancestry |of |gene |copies |(alleles) |back |in |time
Where |there |is |a |common |location |of |gene |copies |when |tracing |back |from |two |or |more |gene |
copies
Amenable |to |mathematical |modeling.
End |result |is |approximation |of |gene |trees |which |can |be |used |to |estimate |species |of |trees
Depends |on |the |demographics |of |a |population. |In |a |small |population |with |constant |size |or |a |
shrinking |population |coalescent |is |recent. |Coalescence |occurs |father |back |in |a |large |population
|or |a |growing |population
Taxon |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A |group |of |one |or |more |populations |classified |as |a |unit. |
Populations, |species, |genera, |families, |etc.
Individuals |are |also |referred |to |as |taxa
