ATR-BC Exam Questions with Verified
Solutions
Sensorimotor (sucking, grasping, crawling) = birth - 2 years of age
Preoperational (some language, imagination, memory) = 2 - 7 years
Concrete(logical and systematic processes) = 7 - 11 years
Formal Operation(use of symbols related to abstract concepts) = 11 + - ANS-Piaget on
Development Stages
How family member's beliefs affect their actions and how cultural forces shape those
beliefs. - ANS-Social constructionism
people need to depend on others. Couples, child-parent - ANS-Attachment Theory
Families must reorganize to accomodate to the growth or change of their members
Developments in any of the family's generations may have an impact on one or all of the
family's members - ANS-Family Life Cycle
-Belief that human relationships are driven by counterbalancing life forces: individuality
and togetherness. This balance depends on one's ability to manage their differentiation
of self (the capasicty to think and reflect, not automatically respond with emotional
pressures).
Tecniques (Although Bowen did not like "techniques": genograms, neutralizing triangles,
process questions(designed to explore what's going on inside people and between
them. Thinking more, feeling less), relationship experiment (pursuers and distancers are
asked to do the opposite of what they generally do), coaching (asking questions
designed to help members figure out family emotional process), The "I"position (say
what your doing instead of what others are doing),. - ANS-Bowen Family Systems
Therapy
Based on anxious attachment , which may manifest either as dependency or isolation. -
ANS-Bowen's emotional fusion
Theory of Multiple Intelligence: humans have 9 different kinds of intelligence that
reflects different ways of interacting with the world. Each of us use a varying
combination of each intelligence. linguistic(poet), logical/mathematical (scientist),
musical (composer), spatial (sculptor or pilot), bodily kinesthetic (athlete or dance),
interpersonal (teacher or salesperson), intrapersonal(have accurate views of self),
naturalistic (forest ranger), existential (philosopher) - ANS-Howard Gardner
, Life Cycle Theory (only reflects white male population):
Childhood and adolescent(13-17)= most rapid development. Behave as adults in an
adult world.
Era of early adulthood (17-45)=forms a "dream" which defines major life goals. Loses
hope if goals unmet.
Era of middle adulthood (40-65)=find that their lives will never match their dreams,
which causes midlife crisis.
Era of late adulthood(60+)=concern changes to retirement, health, loss of spouse, etc.
also spoke about "periods of stability vs. times of transition" - ANS-DJ Levinson
People develop through psychosexual stages:
oral stage (0-18 months)=sucking equals pleasure and trust
anal stage (1-3)=independence, expression of anger
phallic stage (3-6)=sexuality towards opposite sex parent
latency stage (6-12)=interests in school, friends, sports
genital stage (18-35)="to love and to work"
35 and older remain in genital stage
Arrested development occurs when unsuccessful in a stage - ANS-Freud's
Psychodynamic Theory
ID=demanding, seek out pleasure to reduce comfort. Babies
EGO=governs, controls, regulates. Controls blind impulses of ID. Objective whereas ID
is subjective
SUPEREGO=moral codes, strive for perfection. Wants to inhibit ID and reach moral
perfection - ANS-Three parts of the psyche (Freud)
REPRESSION-involuntary removal of something from conscious
DENIAL - removal on a conscious level. distorts thoughts
REACTION FORMATION - express the opposite impulse
PROJECTION - putting one's own unacceptable thoughts on others
DISPLACEMENT - focusing negative feelings on a "safer" target
RATIONALIZATION - manufacture "good" reasoning to explain bruised ego
SUBLIMATION - putting sexual/aggressive energy in socially acceptable things
REGRESSION - going back to earlier phase to avoid anxiety
INTROJECTION - adopting values of others to avoid anxiety
IDENTIFICATION - attach to important groups/people to feel successful
COMPENSATION - focus on accomplishments to mask failures - ANS-Defense
Mechanisms
Psychosocial View:
TRUST vs. MISTRUST (0-1) - when needs are met trust is built
AUTONOMY vs. SHAME and DOUBT (1-3) - need to make mistakes. If parent does not
promote autonomy success is hampered
INITIATIVE vs GUILT (3-5) - need freedom to make meaningful choices
Solutions
Sensorimotor (sucking, grasping, crawling) = birth - 2 years of age
Preoperational (some language, imagination, memory) = 2 - 7 years
Concrete(logical and systematic processes) = 7 - 11 years
Formal Operation(use of symbols related to abstract concepts) = 11 + - ANS-Piaget on
Development Stages
How family member's beliefs affect their actions and how cultural forces shape those
beliefs. - ANS-Social constructionism
people need to depend on others. Couples, child-parent - ANS-Attachment Theory
Families must reorganize to accomodate to the growth or change of their members
Developments in any of the family's generations may have an impact on one or all of the
family's members - ANS-Family Life Cycle
-Belief that human relationships are driven by counterbalancing life forces: individuality
and togetherness. This balance depends on one's ability to manage their differentiation
of self (the capasicty to think and reflect, not automatically respond with emotional
pressures).
Tecniques (Although Bowen did not like "techniques": genograms, neutralizing triangles,
process questions(designed to explore what's going on inside people and between
them. Thinking more, feeling less), relationship experiment (pursuers and distancers are
asked to do the opposite of what they generally do), coaching (asking questions
designed to help members figure out family emotional process), The "I"position (say
what your doing instead of what others are doing),. - ANS-Bowen Family Systems
Therapy
Based on anxious attachment , which may manifest either as dependency or isolation. -
ANS-Bowen's emotional fusion
Theory of Multiple Intelligence: humans have 9 different kinds of intelligence that
reflects different ways of interacting with the world. Each of us use a varying
combination of each intelligence. linguistic(poet), logical/mathematical (scientist),
musical (composer), spatial (sculptor or pilot), bodily kinesthetic (athlete or dance),
interpersonal (teacher or salesperson), intrapersonal(have accurate views of self),
naturalistic (forest ranger), existential (philosopher) - ANS-Howard Gardner
, Life Cycle Theory (only reflects white male population):
Childhood and adolescent(13-17)= most rapid development. Behave as adults in an
adult world.
Era of early adulthood (17-45)=forms a "dream" which defines major life goals. Loses
hope if goals unmet.
Era of middle adulthood (40-65)=find that their lives will never match their dreams,
which causes midlife crisis.
Era of late adulthood(60+)=concern changes to retirement, health, loss of spouse, etc.
also spoke about "periods of stability vs. times of transition" - ANS-DJ Levinson
People develop through psychosexual stages:
oral stage (0-18 months)=sucking equals pleasure and trust
anal stage (1-3)=independence, expression of anger
phallic stage (3-6)=sexuality towards opposite sex parent
latency stage (6-12)=interests in school, friends, sports
genital stage (18-35)="to love and to work"
35 and older remain in genital stage
Arrested development occurs when unsuccessful in a stage - ANS-Freud's
Psychodynamic Theory
ID=demanding, seek out pleasure to reduce comfort. Babies
EGO=governs, controls, regulates. Controls blind impulses of ID. Objective whereas ID
is subjective
SUPEREGO=moral codes, strive for perfection. Wants to inhibit ID and reach moral
perfection - ANS-Three parts of the psyche (Freud)
REPRESSION-involuntary removal of something from conscious
DENIAL - removal on a conscious level. distorts thoughts
REACTION FORMATION - express the opposite impulse
PROJECTION - putting one's own unacceptable thoughts on others
DISPLACEMENT - focusing negative feelings on a "safer" target
RATIONALIZATION - manufacture "good" reasoning to explain bruised ego
SUBLIMATION - putting sexual/aggressive energy in socially acceptable things
REGRESSION - going back to earlier phase to avoid anxiety
INTROJECTION - adopting values of others to avoid anxiety
IDENTIFICATION - attach to important groups/people to feel successful
COMPENSATION - focus on accomplishments to mask failures - ANS-Defense
Mechanisms
Psychosocial View:
TRUST vs. MISTRUST (0-1) - when needs are met trust is built
AUTONOMY vs. SHAME and DOUBT (1-3) - need to make mistakes. If parent does not
promote autonomy success is hampered
INITIATIVE vs GUILT (3-5) - need freedom to make meaningful choices
