TBS PHASE 1 EXAM PREP QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS.
A. Given a casualty, identify types of heat injuries to determine treatment. (MCCS-MED- 1009a)
ANSWER : - a. Sunburn. A bad case of sunburn can be incapacitating. Be sure to wear protective
clothing even if you think it is "too hot" to do so.
b. • Prickly heat rash. Rashes take a long time to heal, particularly in the tropics. The itching and
consequent scratching can lead to infection.
c. • Fungus infections. Fungus infections will leave open sores on your feet and groin. The scratching will
lead to open ulcers, infection, and disease. While they can occur in nearly every environment, they are
more typically found in a hot weather or humid setting.
d. • Heat cramps. Heat cramps will result in painful cramps in the muscles. Heat cramps are also
considered to produce a "heat casualty."
e. • Heat exhaustion. More serious than heat cramps, heat exhaustion is also considered to produce
"heat casualty."
f. • Heat stroke. The most serious of the heat-related problems, heat stroke is the total collapse of the
body's heat regulatory mechanism. It is the most serious of the "heat casualties" and is a life threatening
injury.
A. Given a casualty, perform treatment measures for the different types of heat injuries to prevent
further injury or death. (MCCS-MED-1009b) ANSWER : - a. To treat heat cramps,
i. Give the victim small sips of cool water.
ii. Remove the victim to a cool or shaded area.
iii. Massage cramped muscles.
iv. If indications of a more serious condition are
v. present, transport the victim to medical attention.
b. To treat heat exhaustion,
i. • Remove excessive clothing.
ii. • Place the victim in a cool, shaded area.
iii. • Fan or sprinkle victim with water to keep cool.
iv. • If conscious, give victim small sips of water.
v. • Treat victim also for shock,.
,vi. • Seek medical attention should indications of a more
serious problem exist.
c. To treat heat stroke,
i. • Send for medical assistance.
ii. • Move the victim to a cool, shaded area.
iii. • Loosen victim's clothing and equipment.
iv. • Apply water or ice to the victim's entire body, fanning the victim as
much as possible.
v. • Do not attempt to force the victim to drink.
vi. • Ensure that the airway remains open and that thevictim continues to breathe.
Given a scenario with a casualty suffering from dehydration, identify the amount of fluid for
consumption to rehydrate the casualty. (MCCS-MED-1009c) ANSWER : - 3.5-5 quarts of water per day
. Given a casualty, identify types of cold injury to determine treatment. (MCCS-MED- 1010a) ANSWER :
- Frostbite is the freezing of flesh. Frostbite is caused when the body restricts blood flow to the
appendages to conserve core heat. The surface tissues actually freeze, and with continued chilling, the
frozen area extends to deeper levels.Note: Frost nip or superficial frostbite may affect the nose, checks
and ears, and may appear as a white patch on the skin.Frostbite symptoms are:
● Sensations of cold or pain.
● Complete loss of sensation in the affected area. The sensation is described as feeling "like a stump,"
"like a block of wood," or "cube-like."
● Tissue becomes hard and red, and then turns white, white-yellow or mottled blue-white, and cold.
● Swelling may occur, and blisters may form on the affected area.Symptoms of immersion foot are:
● Pale, wrinkled, loose, spongy, cold, swollen, and waxy skin on the feet.
● Discoloration develops as the transition to gangrene occurs.HypothermiaThe body's first response to
cold is the constriction of the blood vessels of the skin, causing a decrease in the amount of heat
transported by the blood to the skin. The body does this to keep what heat is being generated for the
body core, which houses the vital organs.Hypothermia is commonly brought on when an individual falls
into an ice-cold stream or river or is exposed to the elements without adequate clothing. If the body
cannot produce enough heat to overcome what is lost through evaporation of the moisture in the wet
, clothing, it will begin to reduce its core temperature.Hypothermia is defined as a core body temperature
of less than 95° F. It may be classified as:
● Mild (93.2° F to 95° F).
● Moderate (86° F to 93.2° F).
● Severe (less than 86° F).Symptoms of hypothermia by core body temperature are:
● Temp 99° to 96° F: Shivering becomes intense and uncontrollable. The ability to perform complex
tasks is impaired.
● Temp
Given a casualty, perform treatment measures for the different types of cold injuries to prevent further
injury or death (MCCS-MED-1010b) ANSWER : - Re-warming of the frostbitten extremity is rarely done
in the field. You can cause a great damage by unsuccessful attempts re-warm the frostbitten area. To
treat frostbite,
● Move the casualty to a heated area such as a warming tent or vehicle.
● Remove or loosen constrictive clothing to allow the blood to circulate freely to the affected area.
● For deep frostbite, which has penetrated below the upper layers of skin and into the muscles,
transport the victim immediately to a medical facility. Do not attempt to thaw the affected area.Caution:
Never try to heat a frostbitten part with open heat source, e.g. vehicle exhaust, boiling water or open
flame; you will only further damage the fragile tissues. Re-warming is best accomplished under
controlled circumstances in the emergency department. If prompt hospital care is not available and you
feel re-warming must be done in the field, the best way is to use body heat.Caution: Do not attempt re-
warming if there is any chance that the affected part may freeze again. Use either the individual's own
body heat or that of a buddy to slowly warm the affected area. The armpits and groin area are good
places to gradually warm a frostbitten extremity.• Do not rub snow on a frostbitten area nor immerse it
in boiling water.Trench foot (also called immersion foot) is caused by moisture trapped against the skin
for an extended period (e.g. inside a boot) which waterlogs the tissues. When these boots are worn for
long periods without changing socks, the feet become moist and sweaty. Trench foot is commonly found
when wearing waterproof or vapor barrier- type boots ("Mickey Mouse" boots) for too long.
To treat and prevent trench foot:
● Keep the feet dry.
● Change socks often and air-dry or blot the moisture off.
● Keep the feet warm.
● Change socks often and use foot powder to absorb exc
VERIFIED CORRECT ANSWERS.
A. Given a casualty, identify types of heat injuries to determine treatment. (MCCS-MED- 1009a)
ANSWER : - a. Sunburn. A bad case of sunburn can be incapacitating. Be sure to wear protective
clothing even if you think it is "too hot" to do so.
b. • Prickly heat rash. Rashes take a long time to heal, particularly in the tropics. The itching and
consequent scratching can lead to infection.
c. • Fungus infections. Fungus infections will leave open sores on your feet and groin. The scratching will
lead to open ulcers, infection, and disease. While they can occur in nearly every environment, they are
more typically found in a hot weather or humid setting.
d. • Heat cramps. Heat cramps will result in painful cramps in the muscles. Heat cramps are also
considered to produce a "heat casualty."
e. • Heat exhaustion. More serious than heat cramps, heat exhaustion is also considered to produce
"heat casualty."
f. • Heat stroke. The most serious of the heat-related problems, heat stroke is the total collapse of the
body's heat regulatory mechanism. It is the most serious of the "heat casualties" and is a life threatening
injury.
A. Given a casualty, perform treatment measures for the different types of heat injuries to prevent
further injury or death. (MCCS-MED-1009b) ANSWER : - a. To treat heat cramps,
i. Give the victim small sips of cool water.
ii. Remove the victim to a cool or shaded area.
iii. Massage cramped muscles.
iv. If indications of a more serious condition are
v. present, transport the victim to medical attention.
b. To treat heat exhaustion,
i. • Remove excessive clothing.
ii. • Place the victim in a cool, shaded area.
iii. • Fan or sprinkle victim with water to keep cool.
iv. • If conscious, give victim small sips of water.
v. • Treat victim also for shock,.
,vi. • Seek medical attention should indications of a more
serious problem exist.
c. To treat heat stroke,
i. • Send for medical assistance.
ii. • Move the victim to a cool, shaded area.
iii. • Loosen victim's clothing and equipment.
iv. • Apply water or ice to the victim's entire body, fanning the victim as
much as possible.
v. • Do not attempt to force the victim to drink.
vi. • Ensure that the airway remains open and that thevictim continues to breathe.
Given a scenario with a casualty suffering from dehydration, identify the amount of fluid for
consumption to rehydrate the casualty. (MCCS-MED-1009c) ANSWER : - 3.5-5 quarts of water per day
. Given a casualty, identify types of cold injury to determine treatment. (MCCS-MED- 1010a) ANSWER :
- Frostbite is the freezing of flesh. Frostbite is caused when the body restricts blood flow to the
appendages to conserve core heat. The surface tissues actually freeze, and with continued chilling, the
frozen area extends to deeper levels.Note: Frost nip or superficial frostbite may affect the nose, checks
and ears, and may appear as a white patch on the skin.Frostbite symptoms are:
● Sensations of cold or pain.
● Complete loss of sensation in the affected area. The sensation is described as feeling "like a stump,"
"like a block of wood," or "cube-like."
● Tissue becomes hard and red, and then turns white, white-yellow or mottled blue-white, and cold.
● Swelling may occur, and blisters may form on the affected area.Symptoms of immersion foot are:
● Pale, wrinkled, loose, spongy, cold, swollen, and waxy skin on the feet.
● Discoloration develops as the transition to gangrene occurs.HypothermiaThe body's first response to
cold is the constriction of the blood vessels of the skin, causing a decrease in the amount of heat
transported by the blood to the skin. The body does this to keep what heat is being generated for the
body core, which houses the vital organs.Hypothermia is commonly brought on when an individual falls
into an ice-cold stream or river or is exposed to the elements without adequate clothing. If the body
cannot produce enough heat to overcome what is lost through evaporation of the moisture in the wet
, clothing, it will begin to reduce its core temperature.Hypothermia is defined as a core body temperature
of less than 95° F. It may be classified as:
● Mild (93.2° F to 95° F).
● Moderate (86° F to 93.2° F).
● Severe (less than 86° F).Symptoms of hypothermia by core body temperature are:
● Temp 99° to 96° F: Shivering becomes intense and uncontrollable. The ability to perform complex
tasks is impaired.
● Temp
Given a casualty, perform treatment measures for the different types of cold injuries to prevent further
injury or death (MCCS-MED-1010b) ANSWER : - Re-warming of the frostbitten extremity is rarely done
in the field. You can cause a great damage by unsuccessful attempts re-warm the frostbitten area. To
treat frostbite,
● Move the casualty to a heated area such as a warming tent or vehicle.
● Remove or loosen constrictive clothing to allow the blood to circulate freely to the affected area.
● For deep frostbite, which has penetrated below the upper layers of skin and into the muscles,
transport the victim immediately to a medical facility. Do not attempt to thaw the affected area.Caution:
Never try to heat a frostbitten part with open heat source, e.g. vehicle exhaust, boiling water or open
flame; you will only further damage the fragile tissues. Re-warming is best accomplished under
controlled circumstances in the emergency department. If prompt hospital care is not available and you
feel re-warming must be done in the field, the best way is to use body heat.Caution: Do not attempt re-
warming if there is any chance that the affected part may freeze again. Use either the individual's own
body heat or that of a buddy to slowly warm the affected area. The armpits and groin area are good
places to gradually warm a frostbitten extremity.• Do not rub snow on a frostbitten area nor immerse it
in boiling water.Trench foot (also called immersion foot) is caused by moisture trapped against the skin
for an extended period (e.g. inside a boot) which waterlogs the tissues. When these boots are worn for
long periods without changing socks, the feet become moist and sweaty. Trench foot is commonly found
when wearing waterproof or vapor barrier- type boots ("Mickey Mouse" boots) for too long.
To treat and prevent trench foot:
● Keep the feet dry.
● Change socks often and air-dry or blot the moisture off.
● Keep the feet warm.
● Change socks often and use foot powder to absorb exc
