ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam Prep Guide.
1. Pyrimidine One carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
2. Purine Two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
3. How are nu- tion of tRNA?
cleotides joined
6. What is the func- tion of rRNA?
together?
4. What is the func-
7. Feedback inhibi- tion
tion of mRNA?
5. What is the func-
, ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam Prep Guide.
Condensation to form s genetic info out of nucleus Transcript
phosphodiester bond translated to protein
Carries aa to ribosome
Anticodon pairs with codon on mRNA strand
C
a part of ribosome structure
r most abundant RNA
r coordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codons
i
Product of pathway is noncompetitive inhibitor
e
Binds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too much product
8. Exonucleases Degrades nucleic acids by removing one terminal nt at a time
Cleaves phosphodiester bond at end of chain
5' --> 3' and 3' --> 5'
9. Endonucleases Restriction enzymes
(Prok) Cleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/i poly-nt chain
Recognition site is palindromic sequence
Types I-V
10. ORI sites nt sequence where replication is initiated
, ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam Prep Guide.
11. Topoisomerase I Induces ss breaks
Remove DNA supercoils during TXN and DNA replication; for strand breakage
during recombination; for chr condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA
during mitosis
12. topoisomerase II cuts both strands of one DNA double helix, passes another unbroken DNA helix
through it, and then reanneals the cut strands
13. Gyrase (topoiso- Unwinds supercoiling caused by unwinding at the rep fork by introducing DSBs
merase II)
14. Helicase Breaks H-bonds of double helix at the replication fork
15. Primase DNApol α (DNA dep RNA pol)
adds short segments of complementary
RNA to ssDNA template (primers), serves as starting points for replication
16. single-strand Binds ssDNA and prevents it from re-annealing during TXN, replication, repair, and
DNA binding recombination
proteins (SSBPs)
17. Okazaki frag- Short fragments of DNA synthesized by DNApol δ using the lagging strand (3'->5')
ments as a template
18. Ligase Closes gaps in DNA
Catalyzes phosphodiester bond between 3'OH and 5'P
19. What are the 1. Initiate
steps in DNA 2. Elongate
replication? 3. Terminate
20. Telomeres Repeat sequence (TTAGGG) at the ends of chr, protect chr from degradation
, ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam Prep Guide.
21. RNA polymerase
1. Pyrimidine One carbon ring
Cytosine, Thymine, Uracil
2. Purine Two carbon rings
Adenine, Guanine
3. How are nu- tion of tRNA?
cleotides joined
6. What is the func- tion of rRNA?
together?
4. What is the func-
7. Feedback inhibi- tion
tion of mRNA?
5. What is the func-
, ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam Prep Guide.
Condensation to form s genetic info out of nucleus Transcript
phosphodiester bond translated to protein
Carries aa to ribosome
Anticodon pairs with codon on mRNA strand
C
a part of ribosome structure
r most abundant RNA
r coordinated coupling of tRNA to mRNA codons
i
Product of pathway is noncompetitive inhibitor
e
Binds to allosteric site to slow down rxn b/c too much product
8. Exonucleases Degrades nucleic acids by removing one terminal nt at a time
Cleaves phosphodiester bond at end of chain
5' --> 3' and 3' --> 5'
9. Endonucleases Restriction enzymes
(Prok) Cleaves phoshpodiester bonds w/i poly-nt chain
Recognition site is palindromic sequence
Types I-V
10. ORI sites nt sequence where replication is initiated
, ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam Prep Guide.
11. Topoisomerase I Induces ss breaks
Remove DNA supercoils during TXN and DNA replication; for strand breakage
during recombination; for chr condensation; and to disentangle intertwined DNA
during mitosis
12. topoisomerase II cuts both strands of one DNA double helix, passes another unbroken DNA helix
through it, and then reanneals the cut strands
13. Gyrase (topoiso- Unwinds supercoiling caused by unwinding at the rep fork by introducing DSBs
merase II)
14. Helicase Breaks H-bonds of double helix at the replication fork
15. Primase DNApol α (DNA dep RNA pol)
adds short segments of complementary
RNA to ssDNA template (primers), serves as starting points for replication
16. single-strand Binds ssDNA and prevents it from re-annealing during TXN, replication, repair, and
DNA binding recombination
proteins (SSBPs)
17. Okazaki frag- Short fragments of DNA synthesized by DNApol δ using the lagging strand (3'->5')
ments as a template
18. Ligase Closes gaps in DNA
Catalyzes phosphodiester bond between 3'OH and 5'P
19. What are the 1. Initiate
steps in DNA 2. Elongate
replication? 3. Terminate
20. Telomeres Repeat sequence (TTAGGG) at the ends of chr, protect chr from degradation
, ASCP Molecular Biology Certification Exam Prep Guide.
21. RNA polymerase
