9/26/25, 4:28 PM LES 305 Exam 1 Clark Exam fully solved & updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for accuracy) Flashcards | Quizlet
LES 305 Exam 1 Clark Exam fully solved &
updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for
accuracy)
Save
Terms in this set (148)
Manner by which one lives one's life according to a
standard of right or wrong behavior
Ethics - In both how one thinks and behaves towards others
and how one would like them to think and behave
towards others
- One's upbringing
- One's religion
Factors That Influence
- One's social traditions and beliefs
Ethics
- Society: Structured community of people bound
together by similar traditions and customs
Moral Standards: Principles by which judgments are
made about good and bad behavior based on:
1. Religious Beliefs
Understanding Right and
2. Cultural Beliefs
Wrong
- Culture: Particular set of attitudes, beliefs, and
practices that characterize a group of individuals
3) Philosophical Beliefs
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,9/26/25, 4:28 PM LES 305 Exam 1 Clark Exam fully solved & updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for accuracy) Flashcards | Quizlet
Family and friends
Ethnic Background
Religion
School
Source of Beliefs Media
Personal role models and mentors
Morality: Collection of influences built over a person's
life
** Sources add up to morality
- Standards of ethical behavior are absorbed by
osmosis from everyone around
- Ethical behavior can be based on religious morality
or experience of human existence
How Should One Live?
- Morals and values: Set of personal principles by
which one aims to live one's life
- Value System: Set of personal principles formalized
into a code of behavior
Quality by which a value is a good thing in itself ->
Pursued for its own sake, whether anything comes
Intrinsic Value
from that pursuit or not (Ex: happiness, health, self-
respect)
Quality by which the pursuit of one's value is a good
Instrumental Value way to reach another value (Ex: money is valued for
what it can buy rather than for itself)
- Impact of a value system on individuals is how much
their daily lives are influenced by those values
- Occur when one is presented with a situation that
Value Conflicts places one's value system in direct conflict with an
action
- Personal Value System: Specific choices and
responses to a situation by an individual
- Do unto others as you would have them do unto you
The Golden Rule - Problem with the rule is the assumption that others
would follow the same principles as one would do
https://quizlet.com/1083053573/les-305-exam-1-clark-exam-fully-solved-updated-2025-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-flash-cards/?new 2/30
, 9/26/25, 4:28 PM LES 305 Exam 1 Clark Exam fully solved & updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for accuracy) Flashcards | Quizlet
Ethical Theories Virtue Ethics, Utilitarianism, Universal Ethics
- Living one's life according to a commitment to the
achievement of a clear ideal
Virtue Ethics
- Criticism: societies can place different emphasis on
different virtues
- Ethical choices that offer the greatest good for the
Utilitarianism greatest number of people
- Criticism: idea that the ends justify the means
- Actions that are taken out of duty and obligation to a
purely moral idea rather than based on the needs of
the situation (Universal principles are seen to apply to
Universal Ethics
everyone, everywhere, all the time)
- Criticism: Reverse of the weakness in ethics for the
greater good
Traditions of one's society, one's personal opinions,
and the circumstances of the present moment define
one's ethical principles
Ethical Relativism - Implies some degree of flexibility as opposed to
strict black and white rules
- Offers the comfort of being a part of the ethical
majority in the community or society
- Situations where there are no obvious right or wrong
decisions, but rather a right or right answer
- Occurs when the decision one must make requires
one to make a right choice knowing full well that one
is: leaving an equally right choice undone or likely to
Ethical Dilemmas
suffer something bad as a result of that choice
- Contracting a personal ethical principle in making
that choice
- Abandoning an ethical value of one's community or
society in making that choice
- Sleep Test Ethics
Resolving Ethical
- 3 Step Process for Solving Ethical Problems
Dilemmas
- Arthur Dobrin's Questions
https://quizlet.com/1083053573/les-305-exam-1-clark-exam-fully-solved-updated-2025-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-flash-cards/?new 3/30
LES 305 Exam 1 Clark Exam fully solved &
updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for
accuracy)
Save
Terms in this set (148)
Manner by which one lives one's life according to a
standard of right or wrong behavior
Ethics - In both how one thinks and behaves towards others
and how one would like them to think and behave
towards others
- One's upbringing
- One's religion
Factors That Influence
- One's social traditions and beliefs
Ethics
- Society: Structured community of people bound
together by similar traditions and customs
Moral Standards: Principles by which judgments are
made about good and bad behavior based on:
1. Religious Beliefs
Understanding Right and
2. Cultural Beliefs
Wrong
- Culture: Particular set of attitudes, beliefs, and
practices that characterize a group of individuals
3) Philosophical Beliefs
https://quizlet.com/1083053573/les-305-exam-1-clark-exam-fully-solved-updated-2025-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-flash-cards/?new 1/30
,9/26/25, 4:28 PM LES 305 Exam 1 Clark Exam fully solved & updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for accuracy) Flashcards | Quizlet
Family and friends
Ethnic Background
Religion
School
Source of Beliefs Media
Personal role models and mentors
Morality: Collection of influences built over a person's
life
** Sources add up to morality
- Standards of ethical behavior are absorbed by
osmosis from everyone around
- Ethical behavior can be based on religious morality
or experience of human existence
How Should One Live?
- Morals and values: Set of personal principles by
which one aims to live one's life
- Value System: Set of personal principles formalized
into a code of behavior
Quality by which a value is a good thing in itself ->
Pursued for its own sake, whether anything comes
Intrinsic Value
from that pursuit or not (Ex: happiness, health, self-
respect)
Quality by which the pursuit of one's value is a good
Instrumental Value way to reach another value (Ex: money is valued for
what it can buy rather than for itself)
- Impact of a value system on individuals is how much
their daily lives are influenced by those values
- Occur when one is presented with a situation that
Value Conflicts places one's value system in direct conflict with an
action
- Personal Value System: Specific choices and
responses to a situation by an individual
- Do unto others as you would have them do unto you
The Golden Rule - Problem with the rule is the assumption that others
would follow the same principles as one would do
https://quizlet.com/1083053573/les-305-exam-1-clark-exam-fully-solved-updated-2025-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-flash-cards/?new 2/30
, 9/26/25, 4:28 PM LES 305 Exam 1 Clark Exam fully solved & updated 2025-2026(latest version verified for accuracy) Flashcards | Quizlet
Ethical Theories Virtue Ethics, Utilitarianism, Universal Ethics
- Living one's life according to a commitment to the
achievement of a clear ideal
Virtue Ethics
- Criticism: societies can place different emphasis on
different virtues
- Ethical choices that offer the greatest good for the
Utilitarianism greatest number of people
- Criticism: idea that the ends justify the means
- Actions that are taken out of duty and obligation to a
purely moral idea rather than based on the needs of
the situation (Universal principles are seen to apply to
Universal Ethics
everyone, everywhere, all the time)
- Criticism: Reverse of the weakness in ethics for the
greater good
Traditions of one's society, one's personal opinions,
and the circumstances of the present moment define
one's ethical principles
Ethical Relativism - Implies some degree of flexibility as opposed to
strict black and white rules
- Offers the comfort of being a part of the ethical
majority in the community or society
- Situations where there are no obvious right or wrong
decisions, but rather a right or right answer
- Occurs when the decision one must make requires
one to make a right choice knowing full well that one
is: leaving an equally right choice undone or likely to
Ethical Dilemmas
suffer something bad as a result of that choice
- Contracting a personal ethical principle in making
that choice
- Abandoning an ethical value of one's community or
society in making that choice
- Sleep Test Ethics
Resolving Ethical
- 3 Step Process for Solving Ethical Problems
Dilemmas
- Arthur Dobrin's Questions
https://quizlet.com/1083053573/les-305-exam-1-clark-exam-fully-solved-updated-2025-2026latest-version-verified-for-accuracy-flash-cards/?new 3/30
