Anatomy Neural Pathologies Exam With complete solution–
Expert Verified | Latest Questions 2025
Demyelinated pathologies - 1. occur in PNS and CNS
2. Varies on severity of paralysis and numbness
3. Caused by poisoning, disease, genetics
4. Examples
- Heavy metal poisoning (mercury, lead)
- Bacterial insult (diphtheria)
- Immune system dysfunction (MS)
Rabies Virus - 1. typically carried by carnivorous mammals
2. body-fluid transfer (blood, saliva)
3. travels from bite along PNS to CNS (nervous tissue)
4. excitability/fear + virus shed to saliva > dangerous bite
5. convulsions, coma, death
Cerebrovascular Accident- Paralysis - Loss of motor control
Cerebrovascular Accident- Paraplegia - Paralysis of lower limbs
Cerebrovascular Accident- Hemiplegia - Paralysis of one side of the body
Cerebrovascular Accident- Quadriplegia - Paralysis of all four limbs, C4, C5
Palsy - regional loss of sensory/motor function
spina bifida - Malformation of spine and spinal cord
Alzheimer's disease - Neurological condition,
-genetic mutations +/- environmental factors
-substantial decrease in cortical neurons (frontal lobes)
-substantial decrease in volume of gyri (=large sulci)
Senility - 75% senile dementia is Alzheimer's-related
-deterioration of organizational/focus tasks
-memory loss (short-term followed by long-term)
- progressive loss of neurons/ synapses
Synesthesia - Typically a hereditary neurological condition
-Common among artists and poets (and drug users)
-'error' in the re-assembly various inputs (cross-wing)
-hyper-connectivity within the limbic system
(PET/MRI brain-imaging technology)
Expert Verified | Latest Questions 2025
Demyelinated pathologies - 1. occur in PNS and CNS
2. Varies on severity of paralysis and numbness
3. Caused by poisoning, disease, genetics
4. Examples
- Heavy metal poisoning (mercury, lead)
- Bacterial insult (diphtheria)
- Immune system dysfunction (MS)
Rabies Virus - 1. typically carried by carnivorous mammals
2. body-fluid transfer (blood, saliva)
3. travels from bite along PNS to CNS (nervous tissue)
4. excitability/fear + virus shed to saliva > dangerous bite
5. convulsions, coma, death
Cerebrovascular Accident- Paralysis - Loss of motor control
Cerebrovascular Accident- Paraplegia - Paralysis of lower limbs
Cerebrovascular Accident- Hemiplegia - Paralysis of one side of the body
Cerebrovascular Accident- Quadriplegia - Paralysis of all four limbs, C4, C5
Palsy - regional loss of sensory/motor function
spina bifida - Malformation of spine and spinal cord
Alzheimer's disease - Neurological condition,
-genetic mutations +/- environmental factors
-substantial decrease in cortical neurons (frontal lobes)
-substantial decrease in volume of gyri (=large sulci)
Senility - 75% senile dementia is Alzheimer's-related
-deterioration of organizational/focus tasks
-memory loss (short-term followed by long-term)
- progressive loss of neurons/ synapses
Synesthesia - Typically a hereditary neurological condition
-Common among artists and poets (and drug users)
-'error' in the re-assembly various inputs (cross-wing)
-hyper-connectivity within the limbic system
(PET/MRI brain-imaging technology)
