Gross Anatomy-Nervous System Exam With complete
solution–Expert Verified | Latest Questions 2025
Axial skeleton - Comprised of head, neck, and trunk bones. Consists skull (cranium),
spine (vertebral column), ribs, sternum
Appendicular skeleton - Comprised of limb bones.
# of cervical vertebrae - 7
# of thoracic vertebrae - 12
# lumbar vertebrae - 5 lumbar
# of sacral - 5 vertebrae fused
# of coccygeal - 4, form coccyx
Purpose of intervertebral disc - Unite and support adjacent vertebrae
2 main parts of intervertebral discs - 1. Anulus fibrosus
2. Nucleus pulposus
Anulus fibrosus - Outer layer comprised of fibrocartilage
Nucleus pulposus - Inner layer comprised of gel-like mucoid tissue, eventually turning to
fibrocartilage.
lordosis - convex anteriorly. Cervical, lumbar.
Kyphosis - Concave anteriorly, thoracic, sacral
Primary curvature example - Kyphosis, concave anteriorly, curvature present in fetus.
Secondary curvature - Lordosis, develops with upright position.
Scoliosis - Abnormal lateral spine curvature. In frontal plane. Includes vertebral rotation.
Vertebral foramen - Opening between body and arch, series creates vertebral canal,
spinal cord passes through.
Intervertebral foramen - Lateral opening between two adjacent vertebrae, spinal nerve
passes through
solution–Expert Verified | Latest Questions 2025
Axial skeleton - Comprised of head, neck, and trunk bones. Consists skull (cranium),
spine (vertebral column), ribs, sternum
Appendicular skeleton - Comprised of limb bones.
# of cervical vertebrae - 7
# of thoracic vertebrae - 12
# lumbar vertebrae - 5 lumbar
# of sacral - 5 vertebrae fused
# of coccygeal - 4, form coccyx
Purpose of intervertebral disc - Unite and support adjacent vertebrae
2 main parts of intervertebral discs - 1. Anulus fibrosus
2. Nucleus pulposus
Anulus fibrosus - Outer layer comprised of fibrocartilage
Nucleus pulposus - Inner layer comprised of gel-like mucoid tissue, eventually turning to
fibrocartilage.
lordosis - convex anteriorly. Cervical, lumbar.
Kyphosis - Concave anteriorly, thoracic, sacral
Primary curvature example - Kyphosis, concave anteriorly, curvature present in fetus.
Secondary curvature - Lordosis, develops with upright position.
Scoliosis - Abnormal lateral spine curvature. In frontal plane. Includes vertebral rotation.
Vertebral foramen - Opening between body and arch, series creates vertebral canal,
spinal cord passes through.
Intervertebral foramen - Lateral opening between two adjacent vertebrae, spinal nerve
passes through
