PSS 1411 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
100% PASS
Macronutrients - ANSWER nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca),
magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O)
Micronutrients - ANSWER iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), boron (B), copper (Cu),
chloride (Cl), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni)
Main functionality of Nitrogen - ANSWER major component of plant chemicals: amino
acids, etc
Main functionality of Phosphorus - ANSWER Energy transfer, germination, most aspects
of plant growth
Main functionality of Potassium - ANSWER protein synthesis, enzyme activation, disease
resistance, enhances fruiting and flowering, water balance
Main functionality of Iron - ANSWER involved in the synthesis of chlorophyll, and it is
essential for the maintenance of chloroplast structure and function
Why is Iron a particular problem in West Texas soils? - ANSWER powerpoint slide; the
deficiency is caused by the high pH levels of our soils
Soil Analysis - ANSWER nutrient compounds in the soil are examined
Plant Analysis - ANSWER nutrient deficiencies of the actual plants are examined
What are other problems to consider besides nutrient defiency that can look similar? -
ANSWER - poorly drained soils
- over or under watering
- pH extremes
- root diseases
- root pruning
- plant pests
- soil compaction
- adverse soil temperatures
organic fertilizers - ANSWER animal manure, compost, fish meal and bone meal
, inorganic fertilizer - ANSWER mined or synthetically manufactured mineral
supplements; ammonium sulfate (21-0-0), ammonium phosphate (16-20-0), 10-10-10
advantages of organic fertilizers - ANSWER - Contain more than one nutrient
- Nutrients are released slowly
- Act as soil amendments
disadvantages of organic fertilizers - ANSWER - Usually low in nitrogen
- bulky
- manures may contain high amounts of salts (potassium, sodium, nitrates)
-excessive use can lead to groundwater pollution
advantages of inorganic fertilizers - ANSWER - Usually concentrated, so small amounts
provide necessary nutrients
- Usually economical
- Provide plants with readily available nutrients
disadvantages of inorganic fertilizers - ANSWER - Often applied excessively (resulting in
salt injury to plant and resulting in excessive plant growth)
- Some nutrients, especially nitrogen, are very soluble and can be readily leached
(resulting in nutrients lost from root zone and resulting in groundwater pollution)
What is a soil amendment? - ANSWER A material that indirectly improves plant growth
by:
1. improving soil structure, drainage
2. increasing the soil's water and nutrient holding capacity
3. modifying soil pH
Why does a soil amendment not work as a main fertilizer? - ANSWER The fertilizer
directly improves plant growth and soil amendment indirectly improves it
How to determine number of pounds of N-P-K and costs - ANSWER #1) % of nutrients x
weight of bag = ___ lbs of nutrient in bag
#2) price of bag / ___ lbs of nutrient in bag
#3) lower answer is better price
What are high/low tunnels are what are they useful for? - ANSWER Double protection
from frost in Winter; modify humidity, air temperature, soil temperature, and solar
radiation; help protect produce from wind, hail, strong rains, and pests
100% PASS
Macronutrients - ANSWER nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca),
magnesium (Mg), sulfur (S), carbon (C), hydrogen (H), oxygen (O)
Micronutrients - ANSWER iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), boron (B), copper (Cu),
chloride (Cl), molybdenum (Mo), nickel (Ni)
Main functionality of Nitrogen - ANSWER major component of plant chemicals: amino
acids, etc
Main functionality of Phosphorus - ANSWER Energy transfer, germination, most aspects
of plant growth
Main functionality of Potassium - ANSWER protein synthesis, enzyme activation, disease
resistance, enhances fruiting and flowering, water balance
Main functionality of Iron - ANSWER involved in the synthesis of chlorophyll, and it is
essential for the maintenance of chloroplast structure and function
Why is Iron a particular problem in West Texas soils? - ANSWER powerpoint slide; the
deficiency is caused by the high pH levels of our soils
Soil Analysis - ANSWER nutrient compounds in the soil are examined
Plant Analysis - ANSWER nutrient deficiencies of the actual plants are examined
What are other problems to consider besides nutrient defiency that can look similar? -
ANSWER - poorly drained soils
- over or under watering
- pH extremes
- root diseases
- root pruning
- plant pests
- soil compaction
- adverse soil temperatures
organic fertilizers - ANSWER animal manure, compost, fish meal and bone meal
, inorganic fertilizer - ANSWER mined or synthetically manufactured mineral
supplements; ammonium sulfate (21-0-0), ammonium phosphate (16-20-0), 10-10-10
advantages of organic fertilizers - ANSWER - Contain more than one nutrient
- Nutrients are released slowly
- Act as soil amendments
disadvantages of organic fertilizers - ANSWER - Usually low in nitrogen
- bulky
- manures may contain high amounts of salts (potassium, sodium, nitrates)
-excessive use can lead to groundwater pollution
advantages of inorganic fertilizers - ANSWER - Usually concentrated, so small amounts
provide necessary nutrients
- Usually economical
- Provide plants with readily available nutrients
disadvantages of inorganic fertilizers - ANSWER - Often applied excessively (resulting in
salt injury to plant and resulting in excessive plant growth)
- Some nutrients, especially nitrogen, are very soluble and can be readily leached
(resulting in nutrients lost from root zone and resulting in groundwater pollution)
What is a soil amendment? - ANSWER A material that indirectly improves plant growth
by:
1. improving soil structure, drainage
2. increasing the soil's water and nutrient holding capacity
3. modifying soil pH
Why does a soil amendment not work as a main fertilizer? - ANSWER The fertilizer
directly improves plant growth and soil amendment indirectly improves it
How to determine number of pounds of N-P-K and costs - ANSWER #1) % of nutrients x
weight of bag = ___ lbs of nutrient in bag
#2) price of bag / ___ lbs of nutrient in bag
#3) lower answer is better price
What are high/low tunnels are what are they useful for? - ANSWER Double protection
from frost in Winter; modify humidity, air temperature, soil temperature, and solar
radiation; help protect produce from wind, hail, strong rains, and pests
