NURS 611 Advanced Pathophysiology
Exam 1 2026 Questions and Answers
Sodium - Correct answer-Main ECF ion.
Potassium - Correct answer-Main ICF ion.
Mitochondria - Correct answer-Organelle that produces ATP.
Ribosomes - Correct answer-Organelles responsible for protein synthesis.
Lysosomes - Correct answer-Organelles that degrade and recycle waste.
Peroxisomes - Correct answer-Organelles that break down chemicals into H202,
produces free radicals.
Golgi Apparatus - Correct answer-Organelle responsible for packaging and
distribution.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct answer-Organelle that synthesizes
steroids and detoxification.
Tight Junction - Correct answer-Impermeable junction; strength.
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, Gap Junction - Correct answer-Junction that allows for conductivity, synchronizes
contractions of cardiac muscle through ionic coupling.
Desmosomes - Correct answer-Junctions that hold cells together by continuous
bands or belts of epithelial sheets or button-like points of contact.
Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, and Osmosis - Correct answer-Non-energy forms
of transport.
Active Transport - Correct answer-Energy-requiring movement of molecules
across a membrane, example is Na/K pump.
Hypotonic Fluid - Correct answer-Causes cells to swell.
Hypertonic Fluid - Correct answer-Causes cells to srhink.
36 ATP - Correct answer-How many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?
2 ATP - Correct answer-How much ATP can anaerobic respiration make?
Hypoxia - Correct answer-#1 cause of cellular injury.
Lactic Acid - Correct answer-Indication of cell death. Build up leads to metabolic
acidosis.
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Exam 1 2026 Questions and Answers
Sodium - Correct answer-Main ECF ion.
Potassium - Correct answer-Main ICF ion.
Mitochondria - Correct answer-Organelle that produces ATP.
Ribosomes - Correct answer-Organelles responsible for protein synthesis.
Lysosomes - Correct answer-Organelles that degrade and recycle waste.
Peroxisomes - Correct answer-Organelles that break down chemicals into H202,
produces free radicals.
Golgi Apparatus - Correct answer-Organelle responsible for packaging and
distribution.
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - Correct answer-Organelle that synthesizes
steroids and detoxification.
Tight Junction - Correct answer-Impermeable junction; strength.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Gap Junction - Correct answer-Junction that allows for conductivity, synchronizes
contractions of cardiac muscle through ionic coupling.
Desmosomes - Correct answer-Junctions that hold cells together by continuous
bands or belts of epithelial sheets or button-like points of contact.
Diffusion, Facilitated Diffusion, and Osmosis - Correct answer-Non-energy forms
of transport.
Active Transport - Correct answer-Energy-requiring movement of molecules
across a membrane, example is Na/K pump.
Hypotonic Fluid - Correct answer-Causes cells to swell.
Hypertonic Fluid - Correct answer-Causes cells to srhink.
36 ATP - Correct answer-How many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?
2 ATP - Correct answer-How much ATP can anaerobic respiration make?
Hypoxia - Correct answer-#1 cause of cellular injury.
Lactic Acid - Correct answer-Indication of cell death. Build up leads to metabolic
acidosis.
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
