JMU NUTR 280 EXAM 1 LATEST
ACTUAL VERIFIED STUDY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
wellness - ANSWER-a multidimensional, life-long process that includes
physical, emotional, and spiritual health
nutrients - ANSWER-contribute energy and structure to the body and
regulates body processes
nutrient density - ANSWER-a measure of the nutrients provided by a food
relative to its calorie content
fortification - ANSWER-the addition of nutrients to food (e.g. adding Vitamin
D to milk)
dietary supplements - ANSWER-products sold to supplement the diet (provide
nutrients but do not offer all the benefits that whole foods do); governed by
food laws
phytochemicals - ANSWER-a substance found in plant foods that is not an
essential nutrient
zoochemicals - ANSWER-a substance from animal foods with health
promoting properties
functional foods - ANSWER-contain physiologically active compounds that
provide health benefits beyond their nutrient contributions
macronutrients - ANSWER-needed in large quantities (carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, water)
micronutrients - ANSWER-needed in small quantities (vitamins and minerals)
function of nutrients: - ANSWER-energy, structure, regulation
Calorie - ANSWER-unit of measure of amount of energy in food
(Calorie = Kilocalorie = 1000 calories)
inorganic nutrients - ANSWER-do not contain carbon (e.g. minerals and
water)
organic nutrients - ANSWER-contain carbon; "alive" (e.g. vitamins,
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids)
, energy yielding nutrients: - ANSWER-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
malnutrition - ANSWER-excess or deficient food energy or nutrient intake or
an imbalance of nutrients
primary malnutrition - ANSWER-no intake of eternal nutrient (e.g. Scurvy -
lack of Vitamin C)
secondary malnutrition - ANSWER-nutrients are consumed but not usable by
the body for some reason (e.g. Celiac disease - gluten intolerance)
undernutrition - ANSWER-deficiency of calories or one or more of the
essential nutrients
overnutrition - ANSWER-excess of calories or nutrients
nutrigenetics - ANSWER-DNA and genes play a major role in determining the
individual's risk of developing certain health conditions
nutrigenomics - ANSWER-focussed more on the individual's diet and how that
affect metabolism and DNA
what determines food choices? - ANSWER--interpersonal
-intrapersonal
-environment
-health
-culture/ tradition
portion size - ANSWER-amount of food we actually eat
serving size - ANSWER-recommended portion size
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) - ANSWER-recommendations for the amounts
of energy, nutrients, and other foods that healthy people should consume in
order to stay healthy and reduce their risk of chronic disease
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) - ANSWER-Daily nutrient intakes
estimated to meet the needs of 50% of healthy individuals within a gender
and life-stage group; Used to assess population's nutrition adequacy but not
for an individual's intake
Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) - ANSWER-Nutrient intakes
sufficient to meet the needs of healthy individuals within a gender and life-
stage group; higher than EAR
ACTUAL VERIFIED STUDY
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
wellness - ANSWER-a multidimensional, life-long process that includes
physical, emotional, and spiritual health
nutrients - ANSWER-contribute energy and structure to the body and
regulates body processes
nutrient density - ANSWER-a measure of the nutrients provided by a food
relative to its calorie content
fortification - ANSWER-the addition of nutrients to food (e.g. adding Vitamin
D to milk)
dietary supplements - ANSWER-products sold to supplement the diet (provide
nutrients but do not offer all the benefits that whole foods do); governed by
food laws
phytochemicals - ANSWER-a substance found in plant foods that is not an
essential nutrient
zoochemicals - ANSWER-a substance from animal foods with health
promoting properties
functional foods - ANSWER-contain physiologically active compounds that
provide health benefits beyond their nutrient contributions
macronutrients - ANSWER-needed in large quantities (carbohydrates,
proteins, lipids, water)
micronutrients - ANSWER-needed in small quantities (vitamins and minerals)
function of nutrients: - ANSWER-energy, structure, regulation
Calorie - ANSWER-unit of measure of amount of energy in food
(Calorie = Kilocalorie = 1000 calories)
inorganic nutrients - ANSWER-do not contain carbon (e.g. minerals and
water)
organic nutrients - ANSWER-contain carbon; "alive" (e.g. vitamins,
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids)
, energy yielding nutrients: - ANSWER-carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
malnutrition - ANSWER-excess or deficient food energy or nutrient intake or
an imbalance of nutrients
primary malnutrition - ANSWER-no intake of eternal nutrient (e.g. Scurvy -
lack of Vitamin C)
secondary malnutrition - ANSWER-nutrients are consumed but not usable by
the body for some reason (e.g. Celiac disease - gluten intolerance)
undernutrition - ANSWER-deficiency of calories or one or more of the
essential nutrients
overnutrition - ANSWER-excess of calories or nutrients
nutrigenetics - ANSWER-DNA and genes play a major role in determining the
individual's risk of developing certain health conditions
nutrigenomics - ANSWER-focussed more on the individual's diet and how that
affect metabolism and DNA
what determines food choices? - ANSWER--interpersonal
-intrapersonal
-environment
-health
-culture/ tradition
portion size - ANSWER-amount of food we actually eat
serving size - ANSWER-recommended portion size
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) - ANSWER-recommendations for the amounts
of energy, nutrients, and other foods that healthy people should consume in
order to stay healthy and reduce their risk of chronic disease
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) - ANSWER-Daily nutrient intakes
estimated to meet the needs of 50% of healthy individuals within a gender
and life-stage group; Used to assess population's nutrition adequacy but not
for an individual's intake
Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) - ANSWER-Nutrient intakes
sufficient to meet the needs of healthy individuals within a gender and life-
stage group; higher than EAR
