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BLD 435 Exam 1 Questions with 100% Verified Answers
UPDATED!!!
describe the major function of all formed components of whole
blood.
red blood cells: carry oxygen from your lungs to your tissues.
They also bring carbon dioxide back to your lungs. Red blood
cells make up almost half of your blood. The lifespan of a red
blood cell is around 120 day
white blood cells: immune cells, protect your body against
infection
platelets: to prevent and stop bleeding. If a blood vessel is
damaged, the body sends signals to platelets which cause them
to travel to the injured area. Once the platelets arrive at the
site, they clump together to form a clot that helps stop
bleeding.
name the principle element of plasma which contributes to
coagulation.
fibrinogen plays a major role in blood clotting along with other
procoagulants like thrombin and factor X
describe the composition of whole blood.
red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
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differentiate plasma and serum.
“Serum” is the fluid obtained when whole blood clots, as it will
do spontaneously when it contacts a surface such as glass or
plastic. Clotting is pre-programmed into the components of
blood to prevent excessive blood loss from a minor wound. In a
lab setting, it is common to centrifuge the clotted blood,
including red cells, to the bottom of the collection tube, leaving
a straw-colored liquid above the clot.
“Plasma” is the fluid component of blood. It is obtained when a
clotting-prevention agent is added to whole blood and then
placed in a centrifuge to separate the cellular material from the
lighter liquid layer. Common anti-coagulant agents are EDTA
(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), heparin, and citrate.
we know plasma is used for hematology testing and coagulation
studies. Whereas serum can be used more towards blood bank
and chemistry.
decide whether serum or plasma can be used when given a
situation with specified requirements, especially for C activity.
serum and plasma are interchangeable for anti-body testing
unless complement is required for antibody detection. in such
rare cases ONLY serum provides complement .
discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of serum
vs calcium-chelated plasma vs heparinized plasma in
immunohematology.
advantages of using serum:
,3|Page
- complement is present
disadvantages of using serum:
- coag factors are all used up
advantages of using calcium-chelated plasma:
- coag factors are present, mostly for coagulation (clotting)
studies.
disadvantages of using calcium-chelated plasma:
- prevents hemolysis
- no complement present
advantages of using heparinized plasma: used for chemistry
disadvantages of using heparinized plasma: Inactivates
thrombin and thromboplastin. so cant test for coagulation
describe the effect of using a calcium-chelating anticoagulant in
immunohematology.
Can block hemolysis by using EDTA or citrate plasma: it binds
to calcium and EDTA chelates calcium. why calcium is needed to
activate complement and therefore start hemolysis - Is C1qrs is
held together by calcium so if we cheekily calcium C1qrs won't
be a stable compound and complement won't be activated and
therefore we will block hemolysis. if blocked hemolysis occurs
we will not know if we have a positive reaction
define the following terms: chromosome
, 4|Page
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in
the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in
the form of genes.
define the following terms: recessive
relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by
genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from
both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant
characteristic inherited from one parent
define the following terms: gene
(in informal use) a unit of heredity which is transferred from a
parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic
of the offspring.
define the following terms: codominant
Codominance, as it relates to genetics, refers to a type of
inheritance in which two versions (alleles) of the same gene
are expressed separately to yield different traits in an
individual.
define the following terms: allele
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise
by mutation and are found at the same place on
a chromosome.
define the following terms: amorph
without a clearly defined shape or form.is an allele that has no
apparent gene product
BLD 435 Exam 1 Questions with 100% Verified Answers
UPDATED!!!
describe the major function of all formed components of whole
blood.
red blood cells: carry oxygen from your lungs to your tissues.
They also bring carbon dioxide back to your lungs. Red blood
cells make up almost half of your blood. The lifespan of a red
blood cell is around 120 day
white blood cells: immune cells, protect your body against
infection
platelets: to prevent and stop bleeding. If a blood vessel is
damaged, the body sends signals to platelets which cause them
to travel to the injured area. Once the platelets arrive at the
site, they clump together to form a clot that helps stop
bleeding.
name the principle element of plasma which contributes to
coagulation.
fibrinogen plays a major role in blood clotting along with other
procoagulants like thrombin and factor X
describe the composition of whole blood.
red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
,2|Page
differentiate plasma and serum.
“Serum” is the fluid obtained when whole blood clots, as it will
do spontaneously when it contacts a surface such as glass or
plastic. Clotting is pre-programmed into the components of
blood to prevent excessive blood loss from a minor wound. In a
lab setting, it is common to centrifuge the clotted blood,
including red cells, to the bottom of the collection tube, leaving
a straw-colored liquid above the clot.
“Plasma” is the fluid component of blood. It is obtained when a
clotting-prevention agent is added to whole blood and then
placed in a centrifuge to separate the cellular material from the
lighter liquid layer. Common anti-coagulant agents are EDTA
(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid), heparin, and citrate.
we know plasma is used for hematology testing and coagulation
studies. Whereas serum can be used more towards blood bank
and chemistry.
decide whether serum or plasma can be used when given a
situation with specified requirements, especially for C activity.
serum and plasma are interchangeable for anti-body testing
unless complement is required for antibody detection. in such
rare cases ONLY serum provides complement .
discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the use of serum
vs calcium-chelated plasma vs heparinized plasma in
immunohematology.
advantages of using serum:
,3|Page
- complement is present
disadvantages of using serum:
- coag factors are all used up
advantages of using calcium-chelated plasma:
- coag factors are present, mostly for coagulation (clotting)
studies.
disadvantages of using calcium-chelated plasma:
- prevents hemolysis
- no complement present
advantages of using heparinized plasma: used for chemistry
disadvantages of using heparinized plasma: Inactivates
thrombin and thromboplastin. so cant test for coagulation
describe the effect of using a calcium-chelating anticoagulant in
immunohematology.
Can block hemolysis by using EDTA or citrate plasma: it binds
to calcium and EDTA chelates calcium. why calcium is needed to
activate complement and therefore start hemolysis - Is C1qrs is
held together by calcium so if we cheekily calcium C1qrs won't
be a stable compound and complement won't be activated and
therefore we will block hemolysis. if blocked hemolysis occurs
we will not know if we have a positive reaction
define the following terms: chromosome
, 4|Page
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in
the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in
the form of genes.
define the following terms: recessive
relating to or denoting heritable characteristics controlled by
genes that are expressed in offspring only when inherited from
both parents, i.e., when not masked by a dominant
characteristic inherited from one parent
define the following terms: gene
(in informal use) a unit of heredity which is transferred from a
parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic
of the offspring.
define the following terms: codominant
Codominance, as it relates to genetics, refers to a type of
inheritance in which two versions (alleles) of the same gene
are expressed separately to yield different traits in an
individual.
define the following terms: allele
one of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise
by mutation and are found at the same place on
a chromosome.
define the following terms: amorph
without a clearly defined shape or form.is an allele that has no
apparent gene product
