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MMSC 423 Exam 1 Questions with 100% Verified Answers
UPDATED!!!
hematology - ANSWER the study of blood cells (RBCs, WBCs,
Platelets) and the blood forming tissues in both the healthy and
pathological states
-monitored by qualitative and quantitative evaluations of
formed elements of blood
-many different disease states can be encountered
buffy coat - ANSWER the white layer of WBCs and platelets that
accumulate at the middle of separated non-clotted blood
-accounts for <1% of blood's content
-is present between the plasma and RBC layers
-if this layer is large it may indicate leukemia
blood separation layers - ANSWER unclotted blood (collected
with anticoagulant) is allowed to sit and separate, or is
centrifuged and the cells and components separate out by
density
-top: plasma (55% of blood's content), least dense
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-middle: buffy coat (WBCs and platelets, >1% of blood), middle
density
-bottom: RBCs (45% of blood content), most dense
homeostasis - ANSWER cellular, chemical and fluid elements of
blood in constant excahnge to maintain the balance between
supply and demand
-high demand for certain cell type can occur due to loss,
consumption or degradation of that cell type
-body responds to this by compensatory hyperplasia (increased
growth) of that cell type in the bone marrow and brings body
back to homeostasis
-body maintains homeostasis by using hemostasis to stop
hemorrhaging
-vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion, coagulation, and
fibrinolysis are all used to help maintain homeostasis
formed elements of blood - ANSWER -WBCs
-RBCs
-platelets
elements of plasma - ANSWER -water: most abundant
component
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-proteins: e.g. haptoglobin, hemopexin
-antibodies (immunoglobulins)
-lipids: cholesterol, triglycerides
-carbohydrates: glucose
-electrolytes: K+, Cl-
-enzymes: serine proteases, transglutaminases
-vitamins: vitamin E
-hormones
-trace metals or drugs
plasma - ANSWER fluid that is obtained when anticoagulated
blood (e.g. obtained in purple top w/ EDTA, etc.) is centrifuged
-factor I (fibrinogen) and other clotting factors are present
because no clot has formed, so they are not used up
-cellular elements (RBCs, WBCs and platelets) have been
removed by centrifugation
serum - ANSWER the fluid that is obtained when coagulated
blood (collected in red top tube w/ no anti-coagulant) is
centrifuged
-factor I (fibrinogen) is absent because it was all used to form
the clot
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-blood cells, coagulation factors and coagulation control
proteins (consumed by clot formation) are absent
platelet development - ANSWER the process of endomitosis
occurs in the megakaryocytic lineage to produce platelets
-maturation takes ~5 days
-requires the presence of thrombopoietin (TPO)
-BFUMeg
-CFUMeg
-LDCFUMeg
-MK I
-MK II
-MK II (which releases platelets)
-PLT
thrombopoietin (TPO) - ANSWER hormone that is produced in
the kidney to stimualate the differentiation of megakaryocytic
lineage for the production of platelets
-is released to maintain the normal count of platelets in the
body
MMSC 423 Exam 1 Questions with 100% Verified Answers
UPDATED!!!
hematology - ANSWER the study of blood cells (RBCs, WBCs,
Platelets) and the blood forming tissues in both the healthy and
pathological states
-monitored by qualitative and quantitative evaluations of
formed elements of blood
-many different disease states can be encountered
buffy coat - ANSWER the white layer of WBCs and platelets that
accumulate at the middle of separated non-clotted blood
-accounts for <1% of blood's content
-is present between the plasma and RBC layers
-if this layer is large it may indicate leukemia
blood separation layers - ANSWER unclotted blood (collected
with anticoagulant) is allowed to sit and separate, or is
centrifuged and the cells and components separate out by
density
-top: plasma (55% of blood's content), least dense
,2|Page
-middle: buffy coat (WBCs and platelets, >1% of blood), middle
density
-bottom: RBCs (45% of blood content), most dense
homeostasis - ANSWER cellular, chemical and fluid elements of
blood in constant excahnge to maintain the balance between
supply and demand
-high demand for certain cell type can occur due to loss,
consumption or degradation of that cell type
-body responds to this by compensatory hyperplasia (increased
growth) of that cell type in the bone marrow and brings body
back to homeostasis
-body maintains homeostasis by using hemostasis to stop
hemorrhaging
-vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion, coagulation, and
fibrinolysis are all used to help maintain homeostasis
formed elements of blood - ANSWER -WBCs
-RBCs
-platelets
elements of plasma - ANSWER -water: most abundant
component
,3|Page
-proteins: e.g. haptoglobin, hemopexin
-antibodies (immunoglobulins)
-lipids: cholesterol, triglycerides
-carbohydrates: glucose
-electrolytes: K+, Cl-
-enzymes: serine proteases, transglutaminases
-vitamins: vitamin E
-hormones
-trace metals or drugs
plasma - ANSWER fluid that is obtained when anticoagulated
blood (e.g. obtained in purple top w/ EDTA, etc.) is centrifuged
-factor I (fibrinogen) and other clotting factors are present
because no clot has formed, so they are not used up
-cellular elements (RBCs, WBCs and platelets) have been
removed by centrifugation
serum - ANSWER the fluid that is obtained when coagulated
blood (collected in red top tube w/ no anti-coagulant) is
centrifuged
-factor I (fibrinogen) is absent because it was all used to form
the clot
, 4|Page
-blood cells, coagulation factors and coagulation control
proteins (consumed by clot formation) are absent
platelet development - ANSWER the process of endomitosis
occurs in the megakaryocytic lineage to produce platelets
-maturation takes ~5 days
-requires the presence of thrombopoietin (TPO)
-BFUMeg
-CFUMeg
-LDCFUMeg
-MK I
-MK II
-MK II (which releases platelets)
-PLT
thrombopoietin (TPO) - ANSWER hormone that is produced in
the kidney to stimualate the differentiation of megakaryocytic
lineage for the production of platelets
-is released to maintain the normal count of platelets in the
body
