UCLA Psych 10 Midterm Review UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
1. Structuralism Wundt and Titchener; focus was on how the mind is structured, studied
consciousness by breaking it down into basic elements (via INTROSPEC-
TION);
2. Functionalism William James; focus was on what the mind does, or the function/purpose
of behavior (especially EVOLUTIONARY FUNCTION/PURPOSE)
3. Behaviorism Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, etc.; more scientific approach (less subjective
like introspec.), reduced all behavior to STIMULUS-RESPONSE; movement
away from cognition, towards OBSERVABLE behavior; OPPOSES COGNI-
TIVE PSYCH.
4. Psychoanalysis Freud, focus was on UNCONSCIOUS PROCESSES/DESIRES, which they be-
lieved influenced behavior (this and the previous two were late 19th-early
20th century)
5. Cognitive Psychology focus on cognition and the brain, mid 20th century to present; OPPOSES
BEHAVIORISM
6. Cross Cultural Psy- focus on comparing and contrasting behavior in different human pop-
chology ulations; generally study WesternEducatedIndustrializedRichDemocratic
(WEIRD) people
7. Placebo Effect (Bias) knowledge of receiving treatment affects behavior; SOLUTION: blind treat-
ment (e.g. sugar pill)
8. Experimenter Bias The researcher's expectations influence a participant's response/interpre-
tation of observations; SOLUTION: Double Blind
9. Demand Characteris- The participant changes behavior because of what they believe about
tics (Bias) the study i.e. act different because they know they're being studied; (ex:
Hawthorne Experiment, workers more productive when light manipulat-
, UCLA Psych 10 Midterm Review UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
ed, didnt wanna look lazy)
SOLUTION: Double Blind
10. Humans unique from frontal cortex; = greater cognition, reasoning, etc.
other species because
of the more devel-
oped in the
brain.
11. The brain develops in hind brain, mid brain, prefrontal cortex last (planning, risk-taking, impul-
a way that resembles sivity) (develops later in life = teenagers + Phineas Gage poor judgment
the evolution of the and inc. in risky/impulsive behavior)
nervous system in oth-
er animals: The
brain and brain
develop first, while the
develops last.
12. Hindbrain Controls info coming in and out of the spinal chord, controls life sustaining
processes (e.g. breathing, etc.)
13. Pons Hindbrain, "bridge over a PONdS;" connects the cerebellum and the rest
of the brain
, UCLA Psych 10 Midterm Review UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
14. Reticular Formation Hindbrain, "ReTICKular Formation;" controls sleep, wakefulness, arousal;
nerve fibers on brain stem to connect the different parts of hindbrain
15. Medulla (Oblongata) Hindbrain, "without MEdulla, ME DIE;" Middle of the brain stem, controls
important core functions (e.g. heart rate, breathing, circulation, etc.)
16. Cerebellum Hindbrain, "I'm not drunk, my cerebellum is;" fine motor skills, coordina-
tion of movements, balance, etc.; the "little brain"
17. Midbrain relay station between body and brain; important for coordination/motor
movement, eye movement, auditory and visual processing; Main struc-
tures: Tectum and Tegmentum
18. Forebrain sensory integration, control of voluntary movement, speech, abstract
thought
CORRECT Answers
1. Structuralism Wundt and Titchener; focus was on how the mind is structured, studied
consciousness by breaking it down into basic elements (via INTROSPEC-
TION);
2. Functionalism William James; focus was on what the mind does, or the function/purpose
of behavior (especially EVOLUTIONARY FUNCTION/PURPOSE)
3. Behaviorism Pavlov, Watson, Skinner, etc.; more scientific approach (less subjective
like introspec.), reduced all behavior to STIMULUS-RESPONSE; movement
away from cognition, towards OBSERVABLE behavior; OPPOSES COGNI-
TIVE PSYCH.
4. Psychoanalysis Freud, focus was on UNCONSCIOUS PROCESSES/DESIRES, which they be-
lieved influenced behavior (this and the previous two were late 19th-early
20th century)
5. Cognitive Psychology focus on cognition and the brain, mid 20th century to present; OPPOSES
BEHAVIORISM
6. Cross Cultural Psy- focus on comparing and contrasting behavior in different human pop-
chology ulations; generally study WesternEducatedIndustrializedRichDemocratic
(WEIRD) people
7. Placebo Effect (Bias) knowledge of receiving treatment affects behavior; SOLUTION: blind treat-
ment (e.g. sugar pill)
8. Experimenter Bias The researcher's expectations influence a participant's response/interpre-
tation of observations; SOLUTION: Double Blind
9. Demand Characteris- The participant changes behavior because of what they believe about
tics (Bias) the study i.e. act different because they know they're being studied; (ex:
Hawthorne Experiment, workers more productive when light manipulat-
, UCLA Psych 10 Midterm Review UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
ed, didnt wanna look lazy)
SOLUTION: Double Blind
10. Humans unique from frontal cortex; = greater cognition, reasoning, etc.
other species because
of the more devel-
oped in the
brain.
11. The brain develops in hind brain, mid brain, prefrontal cortex last (planning, risk-taking, impul-
a way that resembles sivity) (develops later in life = teenagers + Phineas Gage poor judgment
the evolution of the and inc. in risky/impulsive behavior)
nervous system in oth-
er animals: The
brain and brain
develop first, while the
develops last.
12. Hindbrain Controls info coming in and out of the spinal chord, controls life sustaining
processes (e.g. breathing, etc.)
13. Pons Hindbrain, "bridge over a PONdS;" connects the cerebellum and the rest
of the brain
, UCLA Psych 10 Midterm Review UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and
CORRECT Answers
14. Reticular Formation Hindbrain, "ReTICKular Formation;" controls sleep, wakefulness, arousal;
nerve fibers on brain stem to connect the different parts of hindbrain
15. Medulla (Oblongata) Hindbrain, "without MEdulla, ME DIE;" Middle of the brain stem, controls
important core functions (e.g. heart rate, breathing, circulation, etc.)
16. Cerebellum Hindbrain, "I'm not drunk, my cerebellum is;" fine motor skills, coordina-
tion of movements, balance, etc.; the "little brain"
17. Midbrain relay station between body and brain; important for coordination/motor
movement, eye movement, auditory and visual processing; Main struc-
tures: Tectum and Tegmentum
18. Forebrain sensory integration, control of voluntary movement, speech, abstract
thought
