Test bank for Osx microbiology by openstax all chapters 1-26 latest 2024 update

1-
Chapter1:AnInvisibleWorld

*=Correctanswer v




MultipleChoice
e




1. Whichofthefollowingistrueofthemicrobialworld?
A. Allmicrobesareharmful.
B. Humanscouldsurvivewithoutmicrobes.
C. Manymicrobesarehelpful.*
D. Mostmicrobesarepathogenic.

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:23,24
e




2. Whichofthefollowingiswhenhumansfirstsuspectedtheexistenceof microbes?
e




A. duringtheIndustrial Revolution
e




B. inprehistorictimes*
C. inthelastcentury
D. withinthelast500years

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:23
e




3. Whichindividualfirstobservedunicellularorganisms,whichhecalled
“animalcules,”usingamicroscopehedeveloped?
e




A. RobertKoch V




B. LouisPasteur
C. Thucydides
D. AntonievanLeeuwenhoek*

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:6
e




4. ToreducetheriskofopenflamefromBunsenburners,microbiologistsare
increasinglyusingwhichofthefollowingdevicesforeasy,rapid
e




benchtopsterilizationofsmallpiecesofequipment?
e




A. autoclaves
B. ethyleneoxide
C. incubators
D. microincinerators*

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:36
e

,5. TheSwedishbotanistknownforhavingdevelopedanimportantbiological
classificationsystemiswhichofthefollowing people?
e b e




A. ErnstHaeckel V




B. CarolusLinnaeus*
C. LouisPasteur
D. RobertWhittaker

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:N/A
e




6. WhichkingdomwastheonlyonefoundinEmpire Prokaryota? e




A. Animalia
B. Fungi
C. Monera*
D. Protista

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:N/A
e




7. Whicharethet hreecurrentlyaccepteddomains?
b e




A. Archaea,Bacteria,andEukarya*
B. Archaea,Prokaryota,andEukaryota
C. Bacteria,Fungi,andProtista
D. Bacteria,Prokaryota,andEukarya

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:N/A
e




8. Whichtwotaxonomicunitsaretypicallyusedtoidentifyanorganismwhen
usingbinomialnomenclature?
e




A. domainandkingdom
B. genusandfamily
C. genusandspecies* e




D. phylumandclass

Difficulty:Easy
ASMStandard:N/A
e




9. Whichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthe processoffermentation?
e




A. Itcanhelppreservefoods,preventingspoilage.
V




B. Itconvertssugarstoorganicacids,alcohols,and/orgasessuchascarbondioxide.
b




C. Itiscarriedoutexclusivelybyunicellulareukaryotes suchasyeast.*
e e




D. Iti susedtomakefoodssuchascheeseandbread.
V e V




Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:11,23,26
e

,10. TheRomansmayhavereducedtheirriskofwaterborne
einfectiousdiseasesbyusingwhichofthefollowing?
A. avarietyofpharmaceutical products e




B. aqueductsandasewersystem*
C. prophylacticantibiotics
D. quarantineofpeoplewithleprosy

Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:23
e




11. ForwhichofthefollowingisThucydidesknown?
A. developinganeffectivesewersysteminancientGreece,helpingtoreduc
v




e levelsofdiseaseincities
e




B. observingmicrobes,usingamicroscope,forthefirsttime,evendistinguishing
v




betweenbacteriaandfungi
e




C. proposingthatdiseasewas causedbymicroorganisms e




D. realizingthat peoplewhohadbeeninfectedbytheAthenian
v




eplaguehadimmunitytoreinfection*

Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:23,31
e




12. ErnstHaeckelproposedaclassificationsystemconsistingofwhichof
ethefollowingsubgroups?
A. fivekingdoms
B. fourkingdoms*
C. twodomainsandthreekingdoms
D. twodomainsandfivekingdoms

Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:N/A
e




13. Virusesnoti ncludedinphylogenetictreesforwhichofthefollowingreasons?
V e




A. Iti stoodifficultt oobservetheircharacteristics.
V e V e b e




B. Theyareacellularandnonliving.*
C. Theydonothaveanygenes,whichpreventsgeneticanalysis.
D. Theylackanucleus. b




Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:5
e




14. Whichisthebestdescriptionoftheprimarypurposeofaphylogeny?
A. Phylogeniesshowallthealterativenamesforeachspecies.
B. Phylogeniesshowallthecommonnamesforeachspecies. e




C. Phylogeniesshowevolutionaryrelatednessbetweenorganisms.*

, D. Phylogeniesshowinteractionsbetweenspeciesinasharedhabitat.

Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:5
e




15. Currentphylogeneticanalysesinclude whichof thefollowing?
b e e




A. informationfromarangeofsources,includingmorphological,genetic,
eandbiochemicaldata*
B. informationonvisiblesimilaritiesonly
C. informationregardinghowtoclassifyorganismsonthebasis
eofexternalmorphologicalcharacteristicsandvisiblebehaviors
D. variedmorphologicalandstructuralcharacteristics,withpreferenceforleaving
historicalclassificationstopreventconfusion
e V




Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:5
e




16. Diatomsareclassifiedwithinwhichofthefollowingdomains?
A. Archaea
B. Bacteria
C. Eukarya*
D. Prokaryota

Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:N/A
e




17. Horizontalgenetransferinvolveswhichofthefollowing?
A. anytransferofgenesinalaboratorysetting
B. thetransferofgenesfromavirustoabacteriumorviceversa
ebut notanyotherformofgenetransfer
v




C. thetransferofgenesfromoneindividualtoanother,
eincludingfromonespeciestoanother,butnotfromparent
etooffspring*
D. thetransferofgenesfromparentt ooffspring
b e




Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:2,4
e




18. Bacteriaaregenerallyidentifiedtospeciesbyusingwhichofthefollowing?
b




A. acombinationofgenetic, biochemical,andmicroscopicapproaches*
e b




B. a combinationofmicroscopicand physiologicalapproaches,butnotgenetics
e e e v




C. primarilycharacteristicssuchasmotilitythatcanbe visualizedusingmicroscopy
e




D. primarilymorphologicalcharacteristicsofindividualcells

Difficulty:Moderate
ASMStandard:34,36
e