TESTxcBANKxcPATHOPHYSIOLOGYxcTHExcBIOLOGICxcBASISxcFORxcDISEASExcINxcADULTSxcANDxcCHILDRENxc8thxcEditionxcKathrynxc
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
TEST BANK xc
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
XC XC XC XC XC XC XC XC
8thxcEdition
KathrynxcL.xcMcCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
TESTxcBANKxcPATHOPHYSIOLOGYxcTHExcBIOLOGICxcBASISxcFORxcDISEASExcINxcADULTSxcANDxcCHILDRENxc8thxcEditionxcKathrynxc
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
, x c 2
Contents
Chapterxc01:xcCellularxcBiology........................................................................................................................ 4
Chapterxc02:xcAlteredxcCellularxcandxcTissuexcBiology:xcEnvironmentalxcAgents ............................................. 18
Chapterxc03:xcThexcCellularxcEnvironment:xcFluidsxcandxcElectrolytes,xcAcidsxcandxcBases............................... 31
Chapterxc04:xcGenesxcandxcGeneticxcDiseases................................................................................................ 44
Chapterxc05:xcGenes,xcEnvironment-Lifestyle,xcandxcCommonxcDiseases....................................................... 55
Chapterxc06:xcEpigeneticsxcandxcDisease ....................................................................................................... 63
Chapterxc07:xcInnatexcImmunity:xcInflammationxcandxcWoundxcHealing ........................................................ 68
Chapterxc08:xcAdaptivexcImmunity................................................................................................................ 83
Chapterxc09:xcAlterationsxcinxcImmunityxcandxcInflammation ........................................................................ 95
Chapterxc10:xcInfection ............................................................................................................................... 108
Chapterxc11:xcStressxcandxcDisease .............................................................................................................. 117
Chapterxc12:xcCancerxcBiology..................................................................................................................... 124
Chapterxc13:xcCancerxcEpidemiology ........................................................................................................... 137
Chapterxc14:xcCancerxcinxcChildren .............................................................................................................. 143
Chapterxc15:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcNeurologicxcSystem .......................................................... 148
Chapterxc16:xcPain,xcTemperaturexcRegulation,xcSleep,xcandxcSensoryxcFunction ......................................... 159
Chapterxc17:xcAlterationsxcinxcCognitivexcSystems,xcCerebralxcHemodynamics,xcandxcMotorxcFunction ........ 174
Chapterxc18:xcDisordersxcofxcthexcCentralxcandxcPeripheralxcNervousxcSystemsxcandxcthexcNeuromuscularxcJunction
.................................................................................................................................................................188
Chapterxc19:xcNeurobiologyxcofxcSchizophrenia,xcMoodxcDisorders,xcandxcAnxietyxcDisorders ..................... 199
Chapterxc20:xcAlterationsxcofxcNeurologicxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ................................................................ 206
Chapterxc21:xcMechanismsxcofxcHormonalxcRegulation ............................................................................... 213
Chapterxc22:xcAlterationsxcofxcHormonalxcRegulation .................................................................................. 222
Chapterxc23:xcObesityxcandxcDisordersxcofxcNutrition................................................................................... 234
Chapterxc24:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcReproductivexcSystems .................................................... 239
Chapterxc25:xcAlterationsxcofxcthexcFemalexcReproductivexcSystem ............................................................. 249
Chapterxc26:xcAlterationsxcofxcthexcMalexcReproductivexcSystem ................................................................. 259
Chapterxc27:xcSexuallyxcTransmittedxcInfections ......................................................................................... 265
Chapterxc28:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcHematologicxcSystem ....................................................... 273
Chapterxc29:xcAlterationsxcofxcErythrocytes,xcPlatelets,xcandxcHemostaticxcFunction.................................... 283
TESTxcBANKxcPATHOPHYSIOLOGYxcTHExcBIOLOGICxcBASISxcFORxcDISEASExcINxcADULTSxcANDxcCHILDRENxc8thxcEditionxcKathrynxc
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
, x c 3
Chapterxc30:xcAlterationsxcofxcLeukocytexcandxcLymphoidxcFunction ........................................................... 293
Chapterxc31:xcAlterationsxcofxcHematologicxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ............................................................. 300
Chapterxc32:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcCardiovascularxcandxcLymphaticxcSystems ........................ 311
Chapterxc33:xcAlterationsxcofxcCardiovascularxcFunction ............................................................................. 324
Chapterxc34:xcAlterationsxcofxcCardiovascularxcFunctionxcinxcChildren .......................................................... 338
Chapterxc35:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcPulmonaryxcSystem .......................................................... 346
Chapterxc36:xcAlterationsxcofxcPulmonaryxcFunction.................................................................................... 356
Chapterxc37:xcAlterationsxcofxcPulmonaryxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ................................................................ 373
Chapterxc38:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcRenalxcandxcUrologicxcSystems .......................................... 381
Chapterxc39:xcAlterationsxcofxcRenalxcandxcUrinaryxcTractxcFunction ............................................................ 391
Chapterxc40:xcAlterationsxcofxcRenalxcandxcUrinaryxcTractxcFunctionxcinxcChildren......................................... 401
Chapterxc41:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcDigestivexcSystem ............................................................. 409
Chapterxc42:xcAlterationsxcofxcDigestivexcFunction ...................................................................................... 421
Chapterxc43:xcAlterationsxcofxcDigestivexcFunctionxcinxcChildren .................................................................. 432
Chapterxc44:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcMusculoskeletalxcSystem ................................................. 441
Chapterxc45:xcAlterationsxcofxcMusculoskeletalxcFunction ........................................................................... 453
Chapterxc46:xcAlterationsxcofxcMusculoskeletalxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ....................................................... 466
Chapterxc47:xcStructure,xcFunction,xcandxcDisordersxcofxcthexcIntegument ................................................... 475
Chapterxc48:xcAlterationsxcofxcthexcIntegumentxcinxcChildren ....................................................................... 486
Chapterxc49:xcShock,xcMultiplexcOrganxcDysfunctionxcSyndrome,xcandxcBurnsxcinxcAdults............................. 494
Chapterxc50:xcShock,xcMultiplexcOrganxcDysfunctionxcSyndrome,xcandxcBurnsxcinxcChildren ......................... 502
TESTxcBANKxcPATHOPHYSIOLOGYxcTHExcBIOLOGICxcBASISxcFORxcDISEASExcINxcADULTSxcANDxcCHILDRENxc8thxcEditionxcKathrynxc
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
, TestxcBankxc-xcPathophysiology:xcThexcBiologicxcBasisxcforxcDiseasexcinxcAdultsxcandxcChildrenxc(8th)x c x c x c 4
Chapterxc01:xcCellularxcBiology
MULTIPLExcCHOIC
E
1. Whichxcstatementxcbestxcdescribesxcthexccellularxcfunctionxcofxcmetabolicxcabsorption?
a. Cellsxccanxcproducexcproteins.
b. Cellsxccanxcsecretexcdigestivexcenzyme
s.
c. Cellsxccanxctakexcinxcandxcusexcnutrient
s.
d. Cellsxccanxcsynthesizexcfats.
ANS:x c C
Inxcmetabolicxcabsorption,xcallxccellsxctakexcinxcandxcusexcnutrientsxcandxcotherxcsubstancesxcfromxctheirxcsu
rroundings.xcThexcremainingxcoptionsxcarexcnotxcinclusivexcinxctheirxcdescriptionsxcofxccellularxcmetabolicxca
bsorption.
PTS:x c x c 1 DIF: CognitivexcLevel:xcRemembering
2. Wherexcisxcmostxcofxcaxccell’sxcgeneticxcinformation,xcincludingxcRNAxcandxcDNA,xccontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS:x c C
Thexcnucleusxccontainsxcthexcnucleolus,xcaxcsmallxcdensexcstructurexccomposedxclargelyxcofxcRNA,xcm
ostxcofxcthexccellularxcDNA,xcandxcthexcDNA-
bindingxcproteins,xcsuchxcasxcthexchistones,xcwhichxcregulatexcitsxcactivity.xcThexcmitochondriaxcarexcr
esponsiblexcforxccellularxcrespirationxcandxcenergyxcproduction.
Ribosomes’xcchiefxcfunctionxcisxctoxcprovidexcsitesxcforxccellularxcproteinxcsynthesis.xcLysosomesxcfun
ctionxcasxcthexcintracellularxcdigestivexcsystem.
PTS:x c x c 1 DIF: CognitivexcLevel:xcRemembering
3. Whichxccomponentxcofxcthexccellxcproducesxchydrogenxcperoxidexc(H2O2)xcbyxcusingxcoxygenxctoxcr
emovexchydrogenxcatomsxcfromxcspecificxcsubstratesxcinxcanxcoxidativexcreaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:x c B
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
TEST BANK xc
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
THE BIOLOGIC BASIS FOR DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN
XC XC XC XC XC XC XC XC
8thxcEdition
KathrynxcL.xcMcCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
TESTxcBANKxcPATHOPHYSIOLOGYxcTHExcBIOLOGICxcBASISxcFORxcDISEASExcINxcADULTSxcANDxcCHILDRENxc8thxcEditionxcKathrynxc
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
, x c 2
Contents
Chapterxc01:xcCellularxcBiology........................................................................................................................ 4
Chapterxc02:xcAlteredxcCellularxcandxcTissuexcBiology:xcEnvironmentalxcAgents ............................................. 18
Chapterxc03:xcThexcCellularxcEnvironment:xcFluidsxcandxcElectrolytes,xcAcidsxcandxcBases............................... 31
Chapterxc04:xcGenesxcandxcGeneticxcDiseases................................................................................................ 44
Chapterxc05:xcGenes,xcEnvironment-Lifestyle,xcandxcCommonxcDiseases....................................................... 55
Chapterxc06:xcEpigeneticsxcandxcDisease ....................................................................................................... 63
Chapterxc07:xcInnatexcImmunity:xcInflammationxcandxcWoundxcHealing ........................................................ 68
Chapterxc08:xcAdaptivexcImmunity................................................................................................................ 83
Chapterxc09:xcAlterationsxcinxcImmunityxcandxcInflammation ........................................................................ 95
Chapterxc10:xcInfection ............................................................................................................................... 108
Chapterxc11:xcStressxcandxcDisease .............................................................................................................. 117
Chapterxc12:xcCancerxcBiology..................................................................................................................... 124
Chapterxc13:xcCancerxcEpidemiology ........................................................................................................... 137
Chapterxc14:xcCancerxcinxcChildren .............................................................................................................. 143
Chapterxc15:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcNeurologicxcSystem .......................................................... 148
Chapterxc16:xcPain,xcTemperaturexcRegulation,xcSleep,xcandxcSensoryxcFunction ......................................... 159
Chapterxc17:xcAlterationsxcinxcCognitivexcSystems,xcCerebralxcHemodynamics,xcandxcMotorxcFunction ........ 174
Chapterxc18:xcDisordersxcofxcthexcCentralxcandxcPeripheralxcNervousxcSystemsxcandxcthexcNeuromuscularxcJunction
.................................................................................................................................................................188
Chapterxc19:xcNeurobiologyxcofxcSchizophrenia,xcMoodxcDisorders,xcandxcAnxietyxcDisorders ..................... 199
Chapterxc20:xcAlterationsxcofxcNeurologicxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ................................................................ 206
Chapterxc21:xcMechanismsxcofxcHormonalxcRegulation ............................................................................... 213
Chapterxc22:xcAlterationsxcofxcHormonalxcRegulation .................................................................................. 222
Chapterxc23:xcObesityxcandxcDisordersxcofxcNutrition................................................................................... 234
Chapterxc24:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcReproductivexcSystems .................................................... 239
Chapterxc25:xcAlterationsxcofxcthexcFemalexcReproductivexcSystem ............................................................. 249
Chapterxc26:xcAlterationsxcofxcthexcMalexcReproductivexcSystem ................................................................. 259
Chapterxc27:xcSexuallyxcTransmittedxcInfections ......................................................................................... 265
Chapterxc28:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcHematologicxcSystem ....................................................... 273
Chapterxc29:xcAlterationsxcofxcErythrocytes,xcPlatelets,xcandxcHemostaticxcFunction.................................... 283
TESTxcBANKxcPATHOPHYSIOLOGYxcTHExcBIOLOGICxcBASISxcFORxcDISEASExcINxcADULTSxcANDxcCHILDRENxc8thxcEditionxcKathrynxc
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
, x c 3
Chapterxc30:xcAlterationsxcofxcLeukocytexcandxcLymphoidxcFunction ........................................................... 293
Chapterxc31:xcAlterationsxcofxcHematologicxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ............................................................. 300
Chapterxc32:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcCardiovascularxcandxcLymphaticxcSystems ........................ 311
Chapterxc33:xcAlterationsxcofxcCardiovascularxcFunction ............................................................................. 324
Chapterxc34:xcAlterationsxcofxcCardiovascularxcFunctionxcinxcChildren .......................................................... 338
Chapterxc35:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcPulmonaryxcSystem .......................................................... 346
Chapterxc36:xcAlterationsxcofxcPulmonaryxcFunction.................................................................................... 356
Chapterxc37:xcAlterationsxcofxcPulmonaryxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ................................................................ 373
Chapterxc38:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcRenalxcandxcUrologicxcSystems .......................................... 381
Chapterxc39:xcAlterationsxcofxcRenalxcandxcUrinaryxcTractxcFunction ............................................................ 391
Chapterxc40:xcAlterationsxcofxcRenalxcandxcUrinaryxcTractxcFunctionxcinxcChildren......................................... 401
Chapterxc41:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcDigestivexcSystem ............................................................. 409
Chapterxc42:xcAlterationsxcofxcDigestivexcFunction ...................................................................................... 421
Chapterxc43:xcAlterationsxcofxcDigestivexcFunctionxcinxcChildren .................................................................. 432
Chapterxc44:xcStructurexcandxcFunctionxcofxcthexcMusculoskeletalxcSystem ................................................. 441
Chapterxc45:xcAlterationsxcofxcMusculoskeletalxcFunction ........................................................................... 453
Chapterxc46:xcAlterationsxcofxcMusculoskeletalxcFunctionxcinxcChildren ....................................................... 466
Chapterxc47:xcStructure,xcFunction,xcandxcDisordersxcofxcthexcIntegument ................................................... 475
Chapterxc48:xcAlterationsxcofxcthexcIntegumentxcinxcChildren ....................................................................... 486
Chapterxc49:xcShock,xcMultiplexcOrganxcDysfunctionxcSyndrome,xcandxcBurnsxcinxcAdults............................. 494
Chapterxc50:xcShock,xcMultiplexcOrganxcDysfunctionxcSyndrome,xcandxcBurnsxcinxcChildren ......................... 502
TESTxcBANKxcPATHOPHYSIOLOGYxcTHExcBIOLOGICxcBASISxcFORxcDISEASExcINxcADULTSxcANDxcCHILDRENxc8thxcEditionxcKathrynxc
L.x c
McCance,xcSuexcE.xcHuether
, TestxcBankxc-xcPathophysiology:xcThexcBiologicxcBasisxcforxcDiseasexcinxcAdultsxcandxcChildrenxc(8th)x c x c x c 4
Chapterxc01:xcCellularxcBiology
MULTIPLExcCHOIC
E
1. Whichxcstatementxcbestxcdescribesxcthexccellularxcfunctionxcofxcmetabolicxcabsorption?
a. Cellsxccanxcproducexcproteins.
b. Cellsxccanxcsecretexcdigestivexcenzyme
s.
c. Cellsxccanxctakexcinxcandxcusexcnutrient
s.
d. Cellsxccanxcsynthesizexcfats.
ANS:x c C
Inxcmetabolicxcabsorption,xcallxccellsxctakexcinxcandxcusexcnutrientsxcandxcotherxcsubstancesxcfromxctheirxcsu
rroundings.xcThexcremainingxcoptionsxcarexcnotxcinclusivexcinxctheirxcdescriptionsxcofxccellularxcmetabolicxca
bsorption.
PTS:x c x c 1 DIF: CognitivexcLevel:xcRemembering
2. Wherexcisxcmostxcofxcaxccell’sxcgeneticxcinformation,xcincludingxcRNAxcandxcDNA,xccontained?
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Lysosome
ANS:x c C
Thexcnucleusxccontainsxcthexcnucleolus,xcaxcsmallxcdensexcstructurexccomposedxclargelyxcofxcRNA,xcm
ostxcofxcthexccellularxcDNA,xcandxcthexcDNA-
bindingxcproteins,xcsuchxcasxcthexchistones,xcwhichxcregulatexcitsxcactivity.xcThexcmitochondriaxcarexcr
esponsiblexcforxccellularxcrespirationxcandxcenergyxcproduction.
Ribosomes’xcchiefxcfunctionxcisxctoxcprovidexcsitesxcforxccellularxcproteinxcsynthesis.xcLysosomesxcfun
ctionxcasxcthexcintracellularxcdigestivexcsystem.
PTS:x c x c 1 DIF: CognitivexcLevel:xcRemembering
3. Whichxccomponentxcofxcthexccellxcproducesxchydrogenxcperoxidexc(H2O2)xcbyxcusingxcoxygenxctoxcr
emovexchydrogenxcatomsxcfromxcspecificxcsubstratesxcinxcanxcoxidativexcreaction?
a. Lysosomes
b. Peroxisomes
c. Ribosomes
d. Endosome
ANS:x c B
