Nurs 5334 exam 1 ear/eye/urology/bone
5-alpha reductase inhibitors - ANS - Finasteride (Proscar)
- work slowly over 9-12 months to reduce size of prostate gland
- MOA: converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Decreasing DHT shrinks prostate
gland and urine outflows improves
Dutasteride (Avodart)
- more expensive than finasteride
- must be used in combination with alpha blocker
- can prevent hair loss
\Alpha blockers - ANS - -osin (Terazosin, Doxazosin, Alfuzosin, Prazosin, Tamulosin, Silodosin)
- Drugs that block the alpha-1 receptors found in the smooth muscle in the bladder, neck, and
prostate, causing them to relax.
- ADE: hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, nasal stuffiness, headache, drowsiness
- drug interactions: induce CYP450
\Alprostadil - ANS - Prostaglandin E agent
- stimulates adenyl cyclase and production of cAMP
- causes vasodilation via arterial smooth muscle relaxation
- given intraurethral ( supp.) or intrapenile (injection)
- given to those who can't tolerate PO
- acts locally. Decrease in ADE
\Bisphosphonates - ANS - -dronate given for treatment of osteoporosis, pagets, and
osteomalacia
\BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) - ANS - Age-associated prostate gland enlargement that
can cause urination difficulty.
\Calcitonin (Miacalcin) - ANS - nasal spray to decrease bone loss from osteoporosis; instruct pt.
to alternate nostrils each day when administering the nasal spray to decrease rhinitis. Can
cause nose bleeds. Does not affect osteoporosis of the hip.
\Darifenacin (Enablex) - ANS - Overactive bladder:
•common side effects are dry mouth, dry eyes, headache and constipation
•check heart rate at least once daily and report chest pain or irregularities
•avoid antihistamines
•avoid dehydration and overheating
•avoid alcohol
•avoid driving until side effects are known
•rotate sites on transdermal patch
\Denosumab (Prolia) - ANS - RANKL-inhibitor
SQ every 6 months (Osteoporosis)
MOA:
-inhibits osteoclast formation, function and survival by preventing the action of the RANKL
receptor
5-alpha reductase inhibitors - ANS - Finasteride (Proscar)
- work slowly over 9-12 months to reduce size of prostate gland
- MOA: converts testosterone to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). Decreasing DHT shrinks prostate
gland and urine outflows improves
Dutasteride (Avodart)
- more expensive than finasteride
- must be used in combination with alpha blocker
- can prevent hair loss
\Alpha blockers - ANS - -osin (Terazosin, Doxazosin, Alfuzosin, Prazosin, Tamulosin, Silodosin)
- Drugs that block the alpha-1 receptors found in the smooth muscle in the bladder, neck, and
prostate, causing them to relax.
- ADE: hypotension, dizziness, fatigue, nasal stuffiness, headache, drowsiness
- drug interactions: induce CYP450
\Alprostadil - ANS - Prostaglandin E agent
- stimulates adenyl cyclase and production of cAMP
- causes vasodilation via arterial smooth muscle relaxation
- given intraurethral ( supp.) or intrapenile (injection)
- given to those who can't tolerate PO
- acts locally. Decrease in ADE
\Bisphosphonates - ANS - -dronate given for treatment of osteoporosis, pagets, and
osteomalacia
\BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) - ANS - Age-associated prostate gland enlargement that
can cause urination difficulty.
\Calcitonin (Miacalcin) - ANS - nasal spray to decrease bone loss from osteoporosis; instruct pt.
to alternate nostrils each day when administering the nasal spray to decrease rhinitis. Can
cause nose bleeds. Does not affect osteoporosis of the hip.
\Darifenacin (Enablex) - ANS - Overactive bladder:
•common side effects are dry mouth, dry eyes, headache and constipation
•check heart rate at least once daily and report chest pain or irregularities
•avoid antihistamines
•avoid dehydration and overheating
•avoid alcohol
•avoid driving until side effects are known
•rotate sites on transdermal patch
\Denosumab (Prolia) - ANS - RANKL-inhibitor
SQ every 6 months (Osteoporosis)
MOA:
-inhibits osteoclast formation, function and survival by preventing the action of the RANKL
receptor
